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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2260033
ADDITIVE TO AUTOMOBILE GASOLINE
The name of the inventor: Andrianov O.V. (RU); Storytchikova Т.V. (RU); Kapustin V.М. (RU); Tsaryov A.V. (RU); Karpov S.A.
The name of the patent owner: Limited Liability Company "NEFTERESURS"
Address for correspondence: 117485, Moscow, ul. Butlerova, 5, ap. 1007, Т.В. Narrator
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.05.05
The present invention relates to the field of petrochemistry and the automotive industry, specifically, to an additive composition intended to improve the anti-knock properties of motor gasolines. The additive to automobile gasoline contains 25-45% of absolute isopropyl alcohol, up to 50% of the isopentane fraction and up to 100% of byproducts from the production of isopropyl alcohol from propylene. The invention allows to increase the output of automobile gasolines A-76 and AI-92 without significant increase in their cost with high octane characteristics.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of petrochemistry and the automotive industry, specifically, to an additive composition intended to improve the anti-knock properties of motor gasolines.
It is known that additives based on lead compounds, aromatic amines, manganese or iron organic compounds, oxygenates are used to improve the anti-knock properties of automobile gasolines, as well as mixtures (AM Danilov "Application of additives in car fuels", Moscow, Chemistry, 2000, pages 18-46).
Effective additives to gasoline, increasing the octane number and contributing to the reduction of harmful substances in the exhaust gases, are oxygen-containing compounds - oxygenates.
An additive to gasoline containing aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 5 and ethyl alcohol is known (US Patent No. 4,541,836, C 10 L 1/18, 1985).
However, the high cost of this additive limits its use.
It is known to use methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, t-butyl and t-amyl alcohols as antiknock additives (US Patent No. 3,822,119, cl. 44-51, 1974).
However, the effectiveness of these additives is relatively low.
To improve the effectiveness of mixed additives.
For example, it is known to use as a gasoline additive a mixture of ethers (methyl t-butyl, isopropyl-t-butyl and butyl-t-butyl) with tert-butyl, butyl, isopropyl or methyl alcohol (EP-application No. 0064253, C 10 L 1/02, 1982).
There are known additives to automobile gasolines, which along with other components contain in their composition ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or their mixture with alcohols C 1 -C 5 (RF Patents No. 21474714, No. 2205202, No. 2213126, No. 2214444).
The high content of high-octane components in these additives increases the cost of fuel.
To reduce the cost of automotive gasolines, the waste of various chemical industries, for example, by-products of the production of isopropyl alcohol from propylene, which contain diisopropyl ether, isopropyl alcohol, propylene polymerization products and water, are sometimes added to their composition as antiknock additives (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2044033, C 10 L 1/18, 1995).
However, this additive is not effective in gasoline compositions containing a large amount of straight-run fractions, since the presence of water in the composition of the additive reduces its solubility in these fractions.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an additive for automobile gasoline having enhanced anti-knock properties on the basis of non-deficient petrochemical products.
To solve this problem, an additive is proposed for automobile gasoline, containing,% mass:
| Absolute isopropyl alcohol | 25-45 |
| Isopentane fraction | up to 50 |
| Byproducts of isopropyl | |
| Alcohol from propylene | Up to 100 |
The difference of the claimed technical solution is the content of the additive in the composition of absolute isopropyl alcohol and isopentane fraction, and the ratio of components.
The selected ratio of the above components provides a good solubility additive in the straight-run gasoline fractions and improved anti-knock properties.
The proposed additive is prepared by mixing the components with stirring. To illustrate the essence of the invention, 5 samples of the proposed additive were prepared, the composition of which is given in Table 1.
The following components were used to prepare the additive samples.
Absolute isopropyl alcohol - GOST 9805-84.
Byproducts of production of isopropyl alcohol from propylene - TU 38.402-62-133-92.
The isopentane fraction is a fraction isolated from the straight-run fraction of NK-70 ° C, which is the raw material of the isomerization unit.
Fraction contains,% mass:
| Isobutane | 0.86 |
| N-butane | 9.56 |
| Isopentane | 83.7 |
| N-pentane | 5.88 |
| Octane number by research method | 91.0 |
The prepared additive samples were introduced into gasoline mixtures containing a catalytic reforming gasoline fraction of 85-180 ° C with the octane number according to the research method = 93.5 and a straight-run gasoline fraction of NK-180 ° C with the octane number according to the research method = 62.3.
The results of estimating the octane number by the research method of the prepared gasoline mixtures containing the samples of the proposed additive according to Examples 1-5 are shown in Table 2.
The data given in Tables 1 and 2 confirm that the most effective additive is when the components are taken in the claimed ratio. The introduction of the proposed additive into basic gasoline mixtures containing up to 70 ° straight-run fractions will increase the production of A-76 and AI-92 automobile gasolines without significantly increasing its cost.
| Table 1. The composition of the samples of the proposed additive to automobile gasoline. | |||||||||
| Name of components, Indicators | Content of components in the samples,% wt. | ||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||
| Absolute isopropyl alcohol | 50 | 42 | 33 | 25 | 22 | ||||
| Isopentane fraction | 35 | 40 | 45 | 50 | 55 | ||||
| Byproducts of isopropyl alcohol production | Up to 100 | Up to 100 | Up to 100 | Up to 100 | Up to 100 | ||||
| Octane number by research method | 115 | 114 | 112 | 109 | 104 | ||||
| Table 2. | |||||||||
| The results of the evaluation of the antiknock properties of the proposed additive. | |||||||||
| The octane number of the mixture containing samples | |||||||||
| Name of components | Proposed additive, according to | ||||||||
| Gas mixture and their | Method | ||||||||
| Content,% wt. | |||||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||||
| The catalytic- | |||||||||
| Tional reform - 60 | 92.3 | 92.2 | 92.1 | 92.0 | 91.7 | ||||
| Direct fraction - 20 | |||||||||
| The proposed additive - 20 | |||||||||
| The catalytic- | |||||||||
| Tional reform - 15 | 77.0 | 76.9 | 76.5 | 76.1 | 75.3 | ||||
| Straight fraction - 65 | |||||||||
| The proposed additive - 20 | |||||||||
CLAIM
An additive to automobile gasoline, comprising by-products of the production of isopropyl alcohol from propylene, characterized in that it further contains absolute isopropyl alcohol and isopentane fraction at the following component ratio, wt%
| Absolute isopropyl alcohol | 25-45 |
| Isopentane fraction | Up to 50 |
| Byproducts of isopropyl alcohol from propylene | Up to 100 |
print version
Date of publication 07.04.2007gg
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