| Start of section
Production, amateur Radio amateurs Aircraft model, rocket-model Useful, entertaining |
Stealth Master
Electronics Physics Technologies Inventions |
Secrets of the cosmos
Secrets of the Earth Secrets of the Ocean Tricks Map of section |
  |
| Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Patent catalog / Catalog section / Back / |
|
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2194069
MULTIFUNCTIONAL UNIVERSAL ADDITIVE TO PETROL
AND FUEL COMPOSITION, ITS CONTAINING
The name of the inventor: Tarkhov VA; Shafransky E.L .; Mkrtchyan RA; Melnikov VN; Popov VE; Emelyanov V.E .; Klimova Т.А.
The name of the patent holder: Open Joint-Stock Company Novokuibyshevsky Experimental Plant of Organic Synthesis "Volgasintez"
Address for correspondence: 125124, Moscow, ul. Pravdy, 3/1, sq. 58, E.S. Bogdanova
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.01.22
The invention relates to the production of fuels for internal combustion engines. Multifunctional universal additive contains aliphatic alcohols with alkyl radicals C 3 -C 8 - 25-60%, N-methylaniline - up to 45%; ARQUAD (dicocodimethylammonium chloride (75%) / 2-propanol (15%)) 0.1-0.4%. The fuel composition contains: ethanol - up to 10%, water - 0.1-0.3%, additive - 1.0-3.0%, the rest - gasoline. The additive stabilizes the fuel even with moistened gasoline fractions.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of oil refining and petrochemistry, specifically to the composition of a multifunctional universal additive and a fuel composition containing this additive and intended for use in internal combustion engines.
Solving environmental problems has increased interest in additives that increase the octane number (OC) of gasoline and reduce emissions to the environment with waste gases of carbon oxides (CO) and hydrocarbons.
Effective additives that solve the problem data are oxygen-containing compounds - oxygenates, such as alkyl ethers, alcohols, ketones.
These additives are introduced into the base fuels together with aromatic hydrocarbons (EPO application 0121089, C10 L 1/02, 1984).
A fuel composition is known based on catalytic reforming gasoline containing up to 50% by weight of a straight run gasoline fraction and 3-15% by weight of a methyl tert-butyl ether additive (FETEROL) (RF patent No. 2092524, C10 L 1/18, 1997).
As high-octane components of gasolines - oxygenates are known and methyl or ethyl alcohols in a mixture with higher molecular alcohols.
A gasoline-based additive based on ethyl alcohol containing N-methylamine up to 16% by weight, crotonaldehyde 0.1-10% by weight, ethyl ether 0.1-0.8% by weight (RF Patent No. 2148077, C10L 1/18, 1/22, 1999).
Common drawbacks of oxygenates included in additives to gasoline are:
- the need to add them to gasoline in large quantities (15-25% by weight to increase the OCH by 6-8 points);
- low hydrolytic stability and high moisture-absorbing capacity of oxygenates, leading to strong electrochemical corrosion of containers and engines;
- lower calorific value than gasoline, and a reduction in this regard the mileage at one gas station.
An additive to gasoline based on stabilized ethyl alcohol containing N-methylaniline, ferrocene and / or a- hydroxyisopropyl-ferrocene is known (RF patent No. 2129141, class C 10 L 1/18, 1999).
The drawbacks of the additive described in this patent are the presence of ferrocene and / or its derivative, which increase the wear of engine parts, increase gum formation and have a negative effect on the operation of catalytic converters of cars.
At present, great practical interest in solving environmental problems and increasing the level of oxygen is manifested in alcohol-benzene fuel compositions with a high octane number and reducing emissions of harmful substances into the surrounding atmosphere.
However, motor gasolines containing up to 15% by weight of alcohol have inadequate performance properties: low storage stability when water enters the environment.
Contact with water causes delamination of the fuel mixture and the formation of a two-phase system: organic and aqueous. The separation of the fuel composition into the gasoline and water-alcohol layers makes the operation of the internal combustion engines difficult - the engine stalls and the fuel tanks freeze.
To eliminate this drawback, water is removed from the gasoline-alcohol mixtures or various cosolvents and stabilizers are used.
A motor fuel additive is known which contains, by weight: ethyl alcohol 1-12, aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 5 0.3-40 (US Patent 4,541,836, C 10 L 1/18, 1985), and a fuel composition, Containing gasoline, ethyl alcohol and alkyl acetate with C 1 -C 6 alkyl radicals of a linear or branched structure (US Patent 4,394,133, class C 10 L 1/18, 1983).
However, such a fuel does not have sufficiently high antiknock properties and low turbidity temperature.
The closest to the claimed technical solution is a multifunctional additive to petrol based on ethyl alcohol containing N-methylaniline, an amide-based detergent and a stabilizer as a mixture of aliphatic C 3 -C 5 alcohols in the established ratio (Eurasian patent 000882, class C 10 L 1/18, 2000).
The drawbacks of the additive described in this patent are the presence of a large number of components in it, which complicates the process of its preparation, the necessity of introducing this additive in large amounts (from 2 to 15% by weight), which does not allow its use for convenience of the consumer in shallow packaging and Realize through the trading network, the mandatory presence of ethyl alcohol in its composition, which does not allow to use the most effective multifunctional additive Keropur, which is a mixture of amines and mineral oils that does not dissolve in ethyl alcohol, to improve the detergent properties.
A fuel composition containing this additive in an amount of 2 to 15% by weight is known (Eurasian patent 000882, class C 10 L 1/18, 2000). The addition of an additive containing a large amount of components and a large volume fraction in the mass fraction (2-15% by weight) to the fuel composition adds to the cost of the fuel composition, and the mandatory presence of alcohol does not provide the latter with the necessary stability in the presence of water at high humidity of gasoline.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages by creating a multifunctional additive with a smaller number of components for gasoline mixtures, both containing and not containing ethyl alcohol, introducing it into gasoline mixtures in an amount 3-5 times smaller by mass And with the possibility of using a more effective multipurpose additive, Keropur (a mixture of amines and mineral oils).
To increase the detergent and protective properties of the composition, chemical and colloidal stability, the proposed composition of the additive makes it possible to introduce the most effective multifunctional additive CEROPUR of grade ES 3401 in an amount of 1.0 to 4.0% by weight.
The preparation of the proposed additive and the composition containing it is carried out by mixing the components with stirring on standard equipment.
The main initial components for the preparation of the composition are products of industrial production, which are produced according to the appropriate specifications and GOSTs:
- A mixture of commercial gasolines AI-80 (A-76) and AI-92 (AI- (91), the octane number of the gasoline base by the research method was 88.5 units;
- Ethyl alcohol, manufactured by industry according to TU 387.402-62-117-98;
- Hydrocarbon fraction with T bp. 145-200 ° C (kerosene fraction);
- Aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 8 (GOST 9805 or GOST 9536);
- N-methylaniline (TU 2471-269-00204168-96);
- ARCWAD 2S-75 (dicocodimethylammonium chloride (75%) / 2-propanol (15%)) is the code for the product 570101 ICS409, manufactured and supplied to Russia by Akzo Nobel Chemicals-Deventer (the Netherlands) and is a yellow liquid with a viscosity at 25 o C 120 mPa, density 880 kg / m 3 at 20 o C, boiling point 80 o C, pH 6-9, the product complies with the requirements of EU directives;
- Keropur (KEROPUR ES 3401) is a mixture of amines with special mineral oils, has a density at 15 ° C of 0.86 g / cm 3 according to ASTM D 4052, a viscosity at 20 ° C of 160 mm 2 / s according to ASTM D 445, -20 o C according to ASTM D 97, flash point 61 o C to DIN 51 755. A combination of special mineral oils is used in Keropur ES 3401 as a diluent.
In Table. 1 and 2 are the compositions of the claimed additive and gasoline mixtures with the presence of ethyl alcohol and without it.
In Table. 3 shows the composition of the fuel composition, in Table. 4 shows the results of testing the fuel compositions of the compositions shown in Table. 3. Tests were conducted on the "Complex of methods of qualification assessment" and in accordance with GOST 2084-72.
The data given in Table. 4, confirm that the use of ARVADA, taken in established quantitative ratios, allows to reduce the cloud point to -35 o C with the simultaneous increase of the CHF to 95.5 and higher, improve detergent, antiknock and ecological properties of fuel compositions.
The proposed additive stabilizes gasoline fuels in the presence and absence of ethyl alcohol in their composition and even with moistened gasoline fractions with a content of up to 0.3% by weight of water in them, which makes this additive universal and provides, with its use, an expansion in the volume of application of gasoline fuels, Including alcohol-containing, as an automotive motor fuel.
CLAIM
1. Multifunctional universal additive for gasoline mixtures, including aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 8 , N-methylaniline, dicocodimethylammonium chloride (75%) / 2-propanol (15%) (ARQUAD 2C-75) and as a base the hydrocarbon fraction boiling off In the range of 145-200 ° C, with the following ratio of components, mass%:
- N-methylaniline - Up to 45.00
- ARKVAD 2S-75 - 0.1-0.4
- Aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 8 - 25.0-60.0
- Hydrocarbon fraction - Up to 100
2. Additive according to claim 1, comprising a multifunctional additive of Keropur in an amount of 1-4% by weight.
3. A fuel composition based on gasoline mixtures containing a multifunctional universal additive according to claims 1 and 2, with the following component ratio, by weight:
- Water - 0.1-0.3
- The additive according to claims 1 and 2 is 1.0 to 3.0
- Gasoline - Up to 100
4. The fuel composition of claim 3, further comprising ethanol in an amount of up to 10% by weight.
print version
Date of publication 07.04.2007gg
Comments
Commenting on, remember that the content and tone of your message can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to your interlocutors even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in the conditions of freedom of expression and anonymity provided by the Internet, changes Not only virtual, but also the real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam is controlled.