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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2009174
Additives for hydrocarbon fuels
Name of the inventor: TA Klimova .; Glinchak SI .; Kotin EB .; Shafigullin KM .; Emelyanov VE .; Skotnikov AA .; Bogatyrev EL .; Skvortsov VN .; Tarasova T.F .; Popova OV
The name of the patentee: Production Association "Gorknefteorgsintez"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.07.02
Usage: in the manufacture of fuels, particularly in the filler compositions thereto. The inventive additive to a hydrocarbon fuel comprises wt. %: Polyamine condensation product of general formula NH 2 - (CH 2)2 - [- NH-CH 2 -CH 2-] n -NH 2 where n - an integer of 0 - 4 with synthetic C 7 -C 20 fatty acids - 5 - 10 aliphatic alcohol, c 3 -C April 25 - 40, the hydrocarbon fraction with a boiling point in the range of 180 - 350C - to 100. The additive may contain 0.3 - 5% monoalkilfenilovogo glycol ether.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to petroleum refining and petrochemistry, particularly to additive compositions for hydrocarbon fuels for use in internal combustion engines.
To improve the performance properties of hydrocarbon fuel abroad developed, produced and widely consumed multifunctional additives, such as OGA 451 and 452 firms ORODEIL, R 3 8100 and 8150 of the company Lubrizol. The MGA-10 company Petrolite, SAP-941 Shell, Keropur 5130 and Keropur ES 3222 BASF and others with detergents, corrosion, anti-freeze and other properties.
Known detergent additive for hydrocarbon fuels, which is a reaction product of a polyol of the formula
HO (CH 2 -CH 2 -0) and (CH 3 -CH 2 -CH 2-O) b (CH 2 -CH 2-O) c -H wherein a + c = 10-80,
b = 5-70, a dibasic acid anhydride and N-alkilalkilendiamina formula
R I NHR II NH 2 where R I = C 12 -C 18, R II = C 3 -C 12 [1].
The disadvantage of this additive is a shortage of raw materials: said polyol and a dibasic acid anhydride.
Known detergent additive to gasoline, which is a reaction product of a fatty acid partial ester of C 6 -C 20 or C 8 -C 16 mono- or di- (gidroksigidrokarbil) -amine [2]. Hydrocarbyl includes alkyl-ended working group C 1 -C 10. The amine used as mono- or di-ethanolamine, a and N- (betagidroksietil) -amine; N, N- (bis) - (betagidroksietil) amine. As oil fatty acid was used, for example, palm, olive, castor, coconut, and others. Mono- or di- (hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbyl) amine has the following formula:
RCON (R II OH) 2-a (OH) a, where R - alkyl, C 6 -C 20,
R II - hydrocarbon radical C 1 -C 10,
a = 0 or 1.
The disadvantage in this case is the shortage of raw materials - natural vegetable oils: palm, olive, coconut and others.
Known and detergent additive for motor fuel, which is obtained by reacting vegetable oils or higher fatty acids (fatty acids C 10 -C 25 acid or arilalkilzameschennye C 12 -C 42) with a polyamine (e.g., tetraetilpentaminom) and then reacting the product with an alkylene oxide, for example, C 3 H 6 O [3].
The disadvantage in this case is the complexity of the process associated with the need for stage oxyalkylation, for example, okspipropilirovaniya.
In addition, all of the above mentioned additives have only one functional action - detergency.
The closest to the proposed additive is an additive to motor gasoline containing, by weight. . 1,6-32 h reaction product of oleic acid and condensation hydroxyethylethylenediamine; reaction of oleic acid and condensation hydroxyethylethylenediamine; 1,6-32 condensation reaction product between nonylphenol-polyglycol and ethylene oxide; 1,7-34 xylene; 0.1-2 isopropyl or isobutyl alcohol [4].
This additive has multifunctional properties:
cleaning, anti-corrosion, anti-freeze to ensure reduction of toxic emissions (carbon monoxide), polluting the atmosphere.
The disadvantage is the need for the use of scarce raw materials of plant origin (oleic acid) and its relatively low efficiency of washing.
In order to create a multifunctional additive available raw materials with simultaneous increase of the basic functional properties - detergency proposed additive to a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a polyamine condensation product of general formula
NH 2 - (CH 2)2 - [NH-CH 2 -CH 2] n -NH 2 (1) where n = 0-4, with synthetic fatty acids (FFA) C 7 -C 20 aliphatic alcohol, C 3C4 and a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C, in the following ratio, wt. %: Polyamine condensation product of general formula (1) with FFA C 7 -C 20 aliphatic alcohol, C 5-10 3 25-40 C 4 hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C up to 100
Application of said hydrocarbon fractions in the additive composition provides a significant increase in its efficiency of washing.
To enhance the detergency additive may additionally comprise monoalkilfenilovy polyethylene glycol ether of the general formula
RC 6 H 4 -O- (C 2 H 4-O) n -H (2) where R - alkyl C 8 -C 10,
n = 4-7, in an amount of 0.3-5 wt. %.
Sharing the condensation product of a polyamine with FFA C 7 -C 20, aliphatic alcohol C 3 -C 4 along with high boiling hydrocarbon fractions boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C, and the ether and adding monoalkilfenilovogo poietilenglikolya gives opportunity to obtain effective multifunctional additive to the hydrocarbon fuel, has a high cleaning, de-icing and anti-corrosion properties with providing fuel savings of up to 3% and the reduction of toxic emissions of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases of vehicles up to 20%.
The proposed additive may be added to motor gasoline of all brands in the concentration of 0.05-0.15%.
For condensation products use polyethylene polyamines specifications (TU 6-02-594-85) and synthetic fatty acid fractions: C 7 -C 9, C 10 to C 13, C 10, C 16, C 17 -C 20 (GOST 23239- 78).
As the aliphatic alcohols using isopropyl alcohol (GOST 9805-84) or normal butyl alcohol (GOST 5208-81).
Hydrocarbon fractions boiling in the temperature range 180-350 C, the process is denormalizat "Parex".
Monoalkilfenilovye polyethylene glycol ethers of the general formula (2) are commercially available (TU 38.507-62-171-91).
The additive is prepared by condensing a polyamine with synthetic fatty acids by heating at 130-170 C to completely remove water from the reaction zone and then adding the remaining components under stirring.
Five samples were prepared additive. the content of components given in wt. %.
Example 1. Polyethylene polyamine condensation product of general formula (1), where n = 0-4, with the FFA C7May 9; normal butyl alcohol, 25; hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C - 100.
Example 2. Polyethylene polyamine condensation product of general formula (1), where n = 0-4, with the SLC 10 C 16 C 10; Isopropyl alcohol 40; hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C - 100.
Example 3. Polyethylene polyamine condensation product of general formula (1), where n = 0-4, with the FFA C 17 -C 20 7.5; Isopropyl alcohol 35; hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C - 100.
Example 4 polyethylene polyamine condensation product of general formula (1), where n = 0-4, with the FFA C10May 13; normal butyl alcohol, 30; monoalkilfenilovy polyethylene glycol ether of formula (2), where R = C 9 alkyl, n = 6 May; hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C - 100.
Example 5. Polyethylene polyamine condensation product of general formula (1), where n = 0-4, with the FFA C 10 -C 16 7.5; normal butyl alcohol, 35; monoalkilfenilovy polyethylene glycol ether of formula (2) wherein R = C 8 alkyl, n = 4, 0.3; hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the temperature range 180-350 ° C - 100.
Given the particular importance of detergency additives, comparative bench tests conducted on the effectiveness of the cleaning additive samples in comparison with foreign analogues. [4]
Test samples of these additives in a concentration of 0.1 wt. % Held on a one-cylinder Installation Qualification of IT methods. The cleaning efficiency is defined at a rate of flushing (To see) and the coefficient of prevention (K, etc.). The higher these ratios, the more effective the additive.
The table shows the comparative data for the proposed effectiveness of detergent additive sample and foreign additives prototype [4].
These tables show that the proposed additive samples for superior cleaning properties of a sample of foreign prototype additives. The best cleaning properties has a sample of additive according to Example 4.
Deicing effectiveness of additives offered samples assessed by the Interdepartmental engine. by this method Tests were carried out at FMP-65 standard single-cylinder wash unit and shows that the samples have additive anti-freeze properties. Introduction of the additive in the fuel at a concentration of 0.1% is equivalent to 0.5% of isopropyl alcohol.
Anti-corrosion properties of the samples additive determined by an electrochemical method. It was found that the proposed on the property additive samples are at the level of the sample of foreign additives - a prototype [4].
Thus the test results presented it is evident that the proposed multifunctional additive to hydrocarbon fuels obtained on the basis of available inventory of raw materials produced has de-icing and anti-corrosion properties comparable with the sample of foreign additives - prototype, and it significantly superior in detergency effectiveness.
Application of the proposed additive in motor gasoline of any brand in the concentration of 0.05-0.15 wt. % Will improve their performance properties in the resulting 3% fuel savings and environmental improvements by reducing toxic emissions of carbon monoxide and 20% in vehicle exhaust gases. (56) 1. US patent N 4643734, cl. C 10 L 1/22, 1987.
2. US patent N 4729769, cl. With 10 L 8/22, 1988.
3. US patent N 4737160, cl. C 10 L 1/22, 1988.
4. Patent Romania N 95627, cl. C 10 L 10/04, 1988.
CLAIM
1. Additives for hydrocarbon fuels comprising a condensation product of a polyamine with a monocarboxylic acid and an aliphatic alcohol, C 3 -C 4, characterized in that the condensation product of a polyamine with a monocarboxylic acid containing a polyamine condensation product of general formula NH 2 - (CH 2)2- [NH-CH 2 -CH 2] n - NH 2
where n = 0-4,
synthetic fatty acids C 7 -C 20, and further comprising a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 180-350 o C, in the following ratio, wt. %:
- polyamine condensation product of general formula 5-10
- C 3 -C 4 aliphatic alcohol 25-40
- The hydrocarbon fraction to 100
2. Additive according to Claim. 1, characterized in that it additionally contains 0.3-5.0% monoalkilfenilovogo glycol ether.
print version
Publication date 07.04.2007gg
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