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USEFUL ADDITIVES FOR PETROL AND OTHER MOTOR FUELS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2264434

MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE FOR OBTAINING AUTOMOBILE PETROLS AND FUEL FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES BASED ON GASOLINE CONTAINING A MULTIFUNCTIONAL ADDITIVE

The name of the inventor: Churzin A.N. (RU); Kovalev V.A. (RU); Ermolaev M.V. (RU); Kartashov A.K. (RU); Emelyanov V.E. (RU); Krylov I.F. (RU); Klimova Т.А. (RU); Dogadin OB (RU); Kirichenko V.A. (RU); Bykova G.V. (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Company "PLASTNEFTEKHIM" (RU)
Address for correspondence: 101854, Moscow, Chistoprudny bp, 8, PLASTNEFTEKHIM LLC, technical department, J.Ya. Oleynik
Date of commencement of the patent: 2003.12.04

The invention relates to oil refining and petrochemistry, in particular to the composition of a multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines and fuels intended for use in internal combustion engines. A multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines based on N-monomethylaniline contains 6-86% of aliphatic C 1 -C 5 alcohols, normal or branched, or mixtures thereof and / or ethers, or mixtures thereof, 0.02-0.2% Antioxidant, 0.02-1% organometallic compound, 0.05-0.45% aniline, and 0.1-5% polyfunctional additive selected from the group consisting of Adibis 5007, Hightech 6430, or an additive package containing a corrosion inhibitor DEC- 11 and washing additive Aminkor. As an organometallic compound, the additive contains compounds of preferably manganese or iron. Fuel for internal combustion engines based on gasoline containing the above additive in an amount of 0.05-12.0% by weight is also described. The technical effect is the increase of detergent, antiknock, anticorrosive, operational properties of fuel.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to oil refining and petrochemistry, in particular to the composition of a multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines and fuels intended for use in internal combustion engines.

A multifunctional additive to liquid fuels containing hexacarbonylmolybdenum, cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl manganese, oleic acid, monomethylaniline and toluene is known, with the following component ratio, by weight:

[Ru 2009176 C1, 15.03.1994].

The disadvantages of the known additive include the need to use scarce hexacarbonylmolybdenum and oleic acid, and the fuel containing this additive has insufficiently high performance properties.

The additive to fuels based on N-monomethylaniline [N-MMA], containing the following components, mass%: the condensation product of polyamine and synthetic fatty acids C 7 -C 20 -0.1-1.0, aliphatic alcohol C 3 - C 5 - 0.5-5.0, polyethylene glycol monoalkyl ether 0.3-5.0, N, N-dimethylaniline 0.5-2.0, 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butyl-phenol-0.01- 0.2, N-monomethylaniline is the balance, and fuel for gasoline based internal combustion engines containing this additive in an amount of 0.05-5.0% by weight

[Ru 2119939 C1, 10.10.1998].

A disadvantage of these fuel compositions is that the additive contained therein has low efficiency and does not provide the necessary anticorrosion properties.

The closest known solution to a similar problem is a multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines based on N-monomethylaniline, containing aliphatic C 1 -C 5 alcohols, normal or branched, or mixtures thereof and / or ethers, or mixtures thereof, an antioxidant, an organometallic iron compound - ferrocene, aniline and polyfunctional additive Auto, with the following content of components, mass%:

And fuel for internal combustion engines based on gasoline, containing this additive in an amount of 0.2-20.0% by weight

[Ru2132359C1.27.09.1999].

A well-known multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines increases the operational properties, reduces the content of toxic constituents in the exhaust gases.

The requirements for multifunctional additives and fuels containing them are constantly increasing, and although the known additives and fuels are already operating at a high technical level, they still do not meet the growing demands.

So, polyfunctional additive Auto (TU 38.401-867), which is part of a well-known multifunctional additive, has detergent properties only in obsolete carburetor engines and practically does not eliminate resinous deposits on the intake valves and injectors of modern fuel injectors with direct fuel injection.

In addition, the anticorrosive properties of the additive Automag are realized only in gasolines that do not contain oxygenates, and when determining the anticorrosion properties according to the generally accepted method in foreign countries ASTM D665 for oxygenate fuels, the additive does not exhibit an anticorrosive property. Accordingly, when oxygenates (methyl tert-butyl ether [MTBE], low-molecular alcohols, etc.) are included in the composition of motor gasolines, the presence of effective corrosion inhibitors in their composition is mandatory.

In addition, the production of Auto-additive was stopped in the late 90's due to the closure of plants for the production of basic raw materials - synthetic fatty acids, the production of which is unlikely to be restored.

Therefore, the task was to create a multifunctional additive that allows to increase the octane number of liquid fuels, maintaining it at the required level during the operation of fuel, to increase the stability of the fuel, and to reduce the concentration of highly toxic components released into the environment during the combustion of liquid fuels.

To accomplish the above task, a multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines based on N-monomethylaniline (N-MMA) containing aliphatic C 1 -C 5 alcohols, normal or branched, or mixtures thereof and / or ethers or mixtures thereof, an antioxidant , An organometallic compound, an aniline, and a polyfunctional additive selected from the group consisting of Adibis 5007, Hightech 6430, or an additive package containing a corrosion inhibitor DiCiAI-11 and a detergent additive Aminkor, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 50-60, Wt%:

The multifunctional additive according to the invention contains, as an organometallic compound, preferably a manganese compound or an iron compound. As the manganese compound, the additive contains alkyl (C 1 -C 3 ) cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl manganese-MCTM ("Hitec-3000" or "Hitec-3062"), and as an iron compound, preferably ferrocene or alkyl (C 2 -C 4 ) - Ferrocene.

It also provides fuel for internal combustion engines based on gasoline, containing a multifunctional additive of the above composition in an amount of 0.05-12.0% by weight.

The introduction of a multifunctional additive in a multifunctional additive selected from the group consisting of Adibis 5007 ("Adibis 5007" from Lubrizol, is amine polyisobutylenes in a solvent), Hightech 6430 ("Hitec 6430" from Ethyl, is a polyolefin- Alkylphenol alkylamine in a solvent), or an additive package containing a corrosion inhibitor DiSi-11 ("DCI-11" from Octel, the base of this inhibitor is organic acids, methanol, xylene) and the Amincor washing detergent (TU 2415-003-11159873-99 , Is a solution of the condensation product of amines with fatty acids of the C 10 -C 20 fraction), taken in a weight ratio of 1: 50-60, in combination with the above components included in the proposed additive, taken in this ratio, allowed to solve the task .

As the antioxidants in the proposed composition, screened alkylphenols are used, for example 4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, marketed under the trade names Agidol-1, ionol and Agidol-12 according to TU 38.302-16-371, or phenolamines, for example p-oxydiphenylamine, Which has the trade name "Antioxidant".

The multifunctional additive according to the invention can contain aliphatic C 1 -C 5 -alcohols, normal or branched, or mixtures thereof, or ethers or mixtures thereof, or mixtures of alcohols and ethers. As alcohols, for example, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, secondary amyl, iso- and tert-butyl alcohols can be used.

As ethers, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), methyl tertiary amyl (MTAE), diisopropyl ether (DIPE) are preferred. As a mixture of alcohols and ethers, for example, a mixture of MTBE with tert-butyl alcohol, manufactured according to TU 2421-009-04749189, can be used.

The multifunctional additive according to the invention is prepared by successively mixing the constituent components thereof.

7 samples according to the invention and 1 according to the prototype for comparison were prepared. The content of the components in them is given in Table. 1.

Tests of the detergent properties of these samples were carried out on a single-cylinder unit by the method of qualification evaluation. Washing efficiency is determined by the washout coefficient (K cm ) and the prevention factor (K pr ).

In Table. 2 presents data on detergent efficiency and octane number increment, chemical and low-temperature stability, and anticorrosion properties.

The increment of the octane number was determined at the UIT-86 unit according to GOST 511 by the motor method. As reference fuel, a reference mixture-70 was used consisting of 70% by weight of isooctane and 30% by weight of n-heptane, the octane number of which was 70 units.

As can be seen from Table. 2, the claimed composition of the multifunctional additive allows to increase the octane number of the initial liquid fuel while maintaining the fuel stability, has high detergent properties and surpasses the prototype in the efficiency of antiknock action and anticorrosive properties.

Estimation of exhaust gas toxicity when working on gasoline A-76 with the addition of 11.5% by weight of sample 4 of the proposed multifunctional additive was carried out on the engine ZMZ-53 (GAZ) for the driving cycle. According to the results obtained, there was a reduction in emissions:

  • Carbon monoxide (CO) - by 35%;
  • Nitrogen oxides (NO x ) - by 15%;
  • Hydrocarbons (СН) - by 25%.

The anticorrosive properties of gasoline with introduced samples of the proposed additive were determined according to the generally accepted method of ASTM D665 in foreign countries. The method of determination consists in contacting the steel rod (Cl.3) with fuel containing 10% MTBE and "sea" water of special composition at 38 ° C for 4 hours. Corrosion of the rod is estimated in points of "0" - no corrosion, up to 3 - severe corrosion.

The test results are shown in the photo (See drawing)

CLAIM

1. A multifunctional additive for the production of motor gasolines based on N-monomethylaniline, containing aliphatic C 1 -C 5 alcohols, normal or branched, or mixtures thereof and / or ethers, or mixtures thereof, an antioxidant, an organometallic compound, an aniline and a polyfunctional additive , Characterized in that, as a polyfunctional additive, it contains additives selected from the group consisting of Adibis 5007, Hightech 6430, or an additive package containing a corrosion inhibitor DiCiAI-11 and a detergent additive Aminkor, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 50-60, with The following ratio of components, mass%:

2. A multifunctional additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the organometallic compound preferably contains a manganese compound.

3. A multifunctional additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, as a manganese compound, it contains alkyl (C 1 -C 3 ) -cyclopentadienyltricarbonyl manganese.

4. The multifunctional additive according to claim 1, characterized in that the organometal compound comprises an iron compound, preferably ferrocene or alkyl (C 2 -C 4 ) ferrocene.

5. A fuel for internal combustion engines based on gasoline containing a multifunctional additive, characterized in that, as an additive, it contains an additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in an amount of 0.05-12.0% by weight.

print version
Date of publication 01.01.2007гг