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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2082751
ADDITIVE, ENHANCING ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTIES OF GASOLTS AND DIESEL FUELS
The name of the inventor: Klausner S.-GM; Magaril ER; Trushkova L.V.
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Partnership "KM"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.09.15
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: In order to reduce the toxicity of carburettor and diesel engine exhaust gases, it is proposed to use nickel salts of fatty acids (C n H 2n + 1 COO) 2 Ni as an additive to gasolines and diesel fuels, where n = 10 to 16. The optimum amount of additive is 0.5-1.0 mg per kg of gasoline and 1.0 2.0 mg per kg of diesel fuel. The use of the additive reduces the content of nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and phenols in the exhaust gases of carburetor engines and nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, phenols and soot in the exhaust gases of diesel engines.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the production and consumption of gasoline and diesel fuels and can be used by producers and consumers of these fuels.
The main contribution to city air pollution is made by the exhaust gases of cars [1, p. 197] containing aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, phenols, nitrogen oxides, carbon black. To reduce the toxicity of car exhausts, catalytic combustion of exhaust gas using a platinum-palladium catalyst has found application [1, p. 221] However, the high cost of the catalyst makes this method not applicable in all countries; In addition, catalytic ignition of exhaust gases is not applicable when using leaded gasolines.
A number of additives based on organic compounds of barium were proposed to reduce the smokiness of diesel engines [2,3] which reduce the emission of soot by 36-58% when diesel additives add 0.5% additive. However, when using these additives, the concentration of barium oxide in the exhaust gas of diesel engines is significantly higher than the MPC.
The most effective way to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases from diesel engines is the additive, which is a type of XRD compound, where X is cyclooctadienyl; R is benzyl, -phenyl or nitrobenzyl; M platinum, palladium or rhenium [4] (prototype). However, the high cost and limited resources of platinum group metals, the complexity of the synthesis of the additive prevent its use.
The aim of the invention is to improve the ecological properties of gasolines and diesel fuels by using an effective, cheap additive.
The invention proposes the use of a nickel-based additive, which is a nickel salt of a synthetic fatty acid of the C 10 -C 16 fraction. A mixture of salts (C n H 2n + 1 COO) 2 Ni, where n = 10-16, is readily soluble in gasolines and diesel fuels. The effect of the additive on the content of toxic substances in the exhaust gases of carburettor and diesel engines is shown in the table. The data for cyclooctadienyl-benzyl-platinum (according to the prototype) are also given here.
As can be seen from the table, the optimum additive of the proposed additive is 0.5-1.0 mg per kg of gasoline and 1.0 2.0 mg per kg of diesel fuel; The achieved reduction in the toxicity of exhaust gases is similar to that obtained with a prototype, and for a gasoline with a high nitrogen content, the proposed additive is more effective than the prototype.
Previously, nickel salts of C 10 -C 16 fatty acids have been proposed as an antidetonator [5]
USED BOOKS
1. Chemistry of the environment. /Under. Ed. OMBokris. Trans. With the English. Ed. AP Tsygankov. M. Chemistry, 1982, 672 p.
2. M.G. Kuliev. Chemistry and technology of additives to oils and fuels, M. Chemistry, 1972. 337 p.
3. Quality of motor and jet fuels, oils and additives. Based on the materials of the VII World Petroleum Congress. Ed. Doctor of technical sciences. K.K.Panok and Ph.D. A.B. Whipper. M. Chemistry, 1970, 71 p.
4. US Patent 4,892,562, 1990.
5. The patent of the Russian Federation 2032708, 1995.
CLAIM
The use of a compound of formula
(C n H 2n + 1 COO) 2 Ni,
Where n 10 16, as an additive improving the ecological properties of gasolines and diesel fuels.
print version
Date of publication 07.04.2007gg
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