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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2134714
ADDITIVE TO GASOLINE AND FUEL COMPOSITION
The name of the inventor: A. Barsukov; Lebedev SR; Nikitina EA; Kurbatov EV; Nikitin S.F.
The name of the patent holder: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Research and Production Center of Fuels and Lubricants"
Address for correspondence: 107078, Moscow, Chorionic deadlock 2/6, apt. 28, Nikitinu S.F.
Date of commencement of the patent: 1998.07.03
The invention relates to the field of oil refining and petrochemistry, specifically to the composition of the additive and the fuel composition containing this additive intended for use in internal combustion engines. The additive to gasoline is described, including, wt. %: Diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron 0.0005-1.0, bicyclopentadienyl iron 0.0005-1.0, ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5, or a mixture thereof with alcohols C 1 -C 5 to 100. The additive can also contain an aromatic Amine or hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 80-360 ° C, as well as an additional detergent additive. A fuel composition containing gasoline and an additive of the aforementioned composition in an amount of 0.5-15% by weight is also proposed. The use of the invention will expand the range of fuels for spark-ignition engines, and improve their environmental performance.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of oil refining and petrochemistry, specifically to the composition of the additive and the fuel composition containing this additive intended for use in spark-ignited engines.
A fuel additive containing methyl t-butyl ether, N-methylaniline, a mixture of C 3 -C 8 alcohols, a methyl alcohol and an organometallic compound such as iron naphthenate, manganese naphthenate, ferrocene (bicyclopentadienyl-iron) or a mixture thereof .
A fuel composition containing this additive is used in spark-ignition engines.
(Patent PNR No. 108252, C 10 L 1/30, 1981).
However, this additive is not effective enough and its increased consumption is required.
A fuel oil additive for carburetor engines is known, containing an oil-soluble iron compound, for example, a dialkyl derivative of bicyclopentadienyl iron, carboxylic acid ² C 2 or its esters and a non-volatile polar compound capable of dissolving carbonaceous deposits in the engine. A fuel composition containing this additive is also described therein. (U.S. Patent No. 4,525,174, C 10 L 1/18, 1985).
However, this additive has insufficiently high antiknock detonation and detergent properties.
The closest to the claimed is an additive to gasoline, including diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron and 1.0 to 99.5% by weight. Bicyclopentadienyl iron.
The additive may contain a detergent in its composition, but also an aromatic amine or a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 100-360 ° C.
Also disclosed is a fuel composition based on gasoline containing the above additive in an amount of 0.005-0.06% by weight. (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2,099,395, C 10 L 1/18, 1997).
A disadvantage of the fuel composition containing the described additive is low efficiency at low additive concentrations. An increase in the concentration of the additive in the fuel composition leads to an increased content of iron in it. The high content of iron in fuel can cause increased wear of fuel equipment.
The object of the invention is to develop an additive for gasoline having enhanced detonation and detergency properties and an effective fuel composition with a low iron content.
To solve the problem, an additive to gasoline is proposed, which includes, in mass%:
- Diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron - 0.0005 - 1.0
- Bicyclopentadienyl iron - 0.0005 - 1.0
- Ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or a mixture thereof with alcohols C 1 -C 5 - up to 100
The additive may contain in its composition an aromatic amine selected from the group N-methylaniline, xylidine, a mixture of isomeric xylidines with triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1: 1 or a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 80-360 ° C.
The additive can also contain a detergent, which is a mixture of polybutenamines, mol. 500-5000, or a condensation product of polyethylene polyamine with carboxylic acids C 5 -C 25 and polyethers of polyethylene glycols, mol. 500 - 5000, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
A fuel composition based on gasoline containing 0.5 - 15% by weight is also proposed. Additive, including 0.0005 - 1.0% by weight. Diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron, 0.0005 - 1.0% by weight. Bicyclopentadienyl iron and up to 100% by weight. Ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or a mixture thereof with alcohols C 1 -C 5 based on the additive.
The fuel composition can and contain 0.1 to 2.0% by weight. An aromatic amine selected from the group N-methylaniline, xylidine, a mixture of isomeric xylidynes with triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1: 1, a and 0.005-0.5 wt%. Detergent additive of the composition described above.
The novelty of the claimed technical solution is the inclusion in the composition of the ether addition of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or mixtures thereof with alcohols C 1 -C 5 in the claimed amount.
The joint content in the additive of the above components allows to obtain an additive to gasoline with high antiknock detonation efficiency due to the synergistic effect, as well as fuel compositions with a low iron content.
The additional content of the aromatic amine additive leads to an increase in the anti-detonation properties of the additive. In addition, the aromatic amine can serve as a solvent, which, like using a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 80-360 ° C., allows the release of the additive as a commercial product.
Addition of a detergent additive allows to provide high detergent properties of the additive and to increase its stability during storage.
The use of the proposed additive in fuel compositions makes it possible to expand the range of produced commercial gasolines while improving their detonation and detergency properties.
The proposed additive is prepared by mixing the components with vigorous stirring at a temperature of 10 ° -40 ° C. The prepared additive is introduced into the gasoline with stirring without additional heating.
Five samples of the proposed additive were prepared by this method.
For its preparation, components with the following characteristics were used:
Bicyclopentadienyl iron-orange powder with a melting point of 174 ° C (TU 6-02-964-78).
Diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron-red-brown liquid, refractive index at 20 o C - 1.5785 (TU 6-02-593-86).
Methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) according to TU 38.103704-90 with MTBE content of 96.5% was used as ethers of aliphatic alcohols, but diisopropyl ether, methyl-sec-pentyl ether can also be used, and as a mixture of ethers with Alcohols C 1 -C 5 feterol, which is a mixture of 50-85% MTBE and 15-50% tert-butyl alcohol (TU 38.103704-90).
N-methylaniline - an oily liquid of light brown color, density 982 kg / m 3 (TU 6-14-5071-90).
As an aromatic amine, xylidine-c (TU 6-04-5807974-90), fuel TG-02 (GOST 17147-80), which is a mixture of isomeric xylidenes with triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1: 1, can be used. When added to the composition of the additive, they give an effect similar to N-methylaniline.
As a hydrocarbon fraction, in the examples, toluene concentrate is used, diesel fuel (GOST 305-82), aviation kerosene (GOST 10227-86), aromatic fractions can be used for these purposes.
Washing detergent is a mixture of polar nitrogen and oxygen containing products, is presented in the additive additive, Keropur 3222; However, other additives may be used.
The composition of the samples of the proposed additive is given in Table 1.
The prepared samples were tested in compositions of fuel compositions. As the basis of fuel compositions, gasoline was used: A-76, AI-91 and AI-95 (GOST 2084-77), gasoline A-92 (TU 38.001165-97), a straight-run fraction of gas condensate 35-180 ° C, but Used and other gasolines.
Tests of the prepared fuel compositions were carried out in the volume of the current normative and technical documentation, GOST 2084-77, TU 3.401-58-144-98, TU 38.401-58-127-95.
The results of the tests are given in Table 2.
From the data given in Table 2, it can be seen that the introduction of the proposed additive allows a significant expansion of the range of fuels for spark-ignited engines, producing commodity gasoline A-76 on the basis of a straight-run fraction, and based on low-octane gasolines A-76, AI-91, AI -92 - high-octane grades of gasoline AI-92, AI-95, AI-98. Introduction of the proposed additive in the composition of gasoline allows and significantly improve their environmental performance, providing a low content of benzene, while the content of iron in fuel compositions does not exceed the established rate of 0.040 g / dm 3 gasoline. The use of the proposed additive in the gasoline allows to reduce the toxicity of the exhaust gases, increase the economy and reliability of the engine.
CLAIM
A gasoline additive comprising diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron and bicyclopentadienyl iron, characterized in that it additionally contains ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or a mixture thereof with C 1 -C 5 alcohols with the following component ratio, by weight:
Diethylbicyclopentadienyl iron - 0.0005-1.0
Bicyclopentadienyl iron - 0.0005-1.0
Ethers of aliphatic alcohols C 1 -C 5 or a mixture thereof with alcohols C 1 -C 5 - Up to 100
2. The additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an aromatic amine selected from the group N-methylaniline, xylidine, a mixture of isomeric xylidenes with triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
3. Additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a hydrocarbon fraction boiling in the range of 80-360 ° C.
4. Additive according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it contains a detergent, which is a mixture of polybutenamines of mole. M 500-5000 or the condensation product of polyethylene polyamine with carboxylic acids C 5 -C 25 and polyethers of polyethylene glycols mole. 500-5000, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
5. A fuel composition based on gasoline containing an additive, characterized in that it contains an additive according to claim 1 in an amount of 0.5-15% by weight.
6. The fuel composition of claim 5, further comprising 0.1-2.0 wt. % Of an aromatic amine selected from the group N-methylaniline, xylidine, a mixture of isomeric xylidine with triethanolamine in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
7. The fuel composition of claim 5 and 6, further comprising 0.005-0.5% by weight of detergent, which is a mixture of polybutenamines, mol. 500-5000 or a condensation product of polyethylene polyamine with C 5 -C 25 carboxylic acids and polyoxyalkylene glycol polyesters of molecular weight. 500-5000, taken in a weight ratio of 1: 1.
print version
Date of publication 09.04.2007гг
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