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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2150489
LIQUID FUEL COMPOSITION, PROCESS FOR ITS PREPARATION AND OPTIONS
Name of the inventor: Gorlov EG .; Lury VG
The name of the patentee: Gorlov Evgeniy G.; Valery G. Lury
Address for correspondence: 125315, Moscow, ul. Lisa Chaikinoi 4 kop.1, kv.190, Luria VG
Starting date of the patent: 1999.08.06
The invention relates to liquid formulations of fuel compositions and methods for their preparation. The composition comprises a mixture of waste oil and 20% water with residual petroleum product, or a mixture thereof with 5-25% lignin or sludge from waste water, or peat, or from 5-25% of lignin or sludge from wastewater treatment or peat. Described, and methods for their preparation. The composition has high stability and low cost.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to liquid formulations of fuel compositions and methods for their preparation.
Known liquid fuel composition comprising 12-20% water, 0.5-1.5% alkylphenol polyglycol ether as an emulsifier and mixed up to 80% of motor fuel consisting of 10% diesel fuel and 90% petroleum oil (FRG Application N 3,093,372, cl. the C 10 L 1/32, 1982).
As the petroleum oil used waste oil, fuel oil or coal.
The disadvantage of such a fuel composition is its high cost due to the use of the composition of diesel fuel and an emulsifier.
The closest to the invention is a fuel composition and a process for its preparation, consisting in emulsifying a mixture comprising 80% oil fuels in combination with water and with the addition of 0.1-5% of surfactants (Japanese Patent N 53-41688, Cl. C 10 L 1/32 1978).
As petroleum fuels is proposed to use waste oil.
The disadvantage of such a fuel composition is its high cost due to the need to use surfactants (surfactant) to stabilize the liquid fuel composition.
The invention aims at reducing the cost while sufficient stability of the liquid fuel composition.
The goal is achieved due to the fact that in the fuel compositions are mainly used and cheap waste components, and relatively low-cost processes for their preparation. First, the liquid fuel composition based on water and waste oils containing residual oil additionally the following component ratio, wt.%: Water 10-20, residual oil in the mixture with the waste oil and 100.
Secondly, the liquid fuel composition based on water and waste oils additionally contain residual oil, and the solid component selected from the group consisting of lignin precipitate or wastewater, or peat in the following ratio,% by weight: water 10-20;. lignin, or sediment from wastewater treatment, or peat 5-25; the residual oil in admixture with waste oil and 100.
Thirdly, the liquid fuel composition based on the waste oil and water additionally contains a solid component selected from the group consisting of lignin precipitate or wastewater, peat or the following component ratio, wt. % Water 10-20; the solid component is 5-25; waste oil to 100.
As a component of the liquid fuel compositions as the aqueous phase can be used water-containing waste cutting fluid (coolant) - a mixture of water of 5-40%, the rest - mineral oils, additives and mechanical impurities.
A method for producing three methods are liquid fuel composition.
Firstly, the used oil is subjected to preliminary machining, and then mixed and homogenized with the water and / or possibly with a water-containing waste lubricating-cooling fluid and the residual oil to give a fuel composition comprising 10-20% water, and / or the need for the waste water containing cutting fluid and the mixture residual oil with used oil to 100.
Secondly, the solid component selected from the group consisting of lignin precipitate or sewage, is subjected to machining or peat and milled to an average particle size of 10-50 microns, and then water is added to them and / or optionally water-containing coolant and the mixture of residual oil waste oil and dispersed to obtain a fuel composition comprising 10-20% water, 5-25% of lignin or sludge from waste water or peat and residual oil to 100 in admixture with the used oil.
Thirdly, the solid component selected from the group consisting of lignin precipitate or sewage, is subjected to machining or peat and milled to an average particle size of 10-50 microns, is then added to the treated solid component is water and / or optionally water-containing spent coolant and waste oil and dispersed to obtain a fuel composition containing 10 - 20% of water, 5-25% of lignin, or sludge from waste water treatment, or peat and 100 to the waste oil.
As used oil can be used waste automotive, machinery, transformers, hydraulic and other oils.
The residual oil as heavy oil can be used and secondary native origin, such as tar, polugudron, cracking residue, heavy pyrolysis resins, oil sludge, and others. Waste oil and residual oil can be mixed in any proportions.
Machining, mixing and homogenization can be carried out in a disperser Hotuntseva-Pushkin, rotary pulsation apparatus, disintegrator, Emulsol, vibrating mill and other dispersing devices.
The following examples are given to illustrate the invention, which should not limit the scope of the invention.
example 1
Source peat:
W a = 10,1%; A a = 11,36%; V daf = 68,13%; With daf = 53,54%; H daf = 5,25%; S t d = 0,2%; N daf = 1,73% dried to air-dry state (W a = 10,1%), then subjected to machining and grinding to an average particle size of 10 microns in DESY disintegrator 11 at a speed of 12,000 min -1 and impact frequency of the order 10 -3 -10 -4 s for 10 s.
The resulting milled peat is mixed with water and spent transformer oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 o C - 8,5 mm 2 / s, density 900 kg / m3 and a water content of 0.2%, 0.2% solids) with oil tar (density 985 kg / m 3 water content 2.2%, 0.2% solids) in a weight ratio of 20:80 oil and tar. The amount of peat of the composition is 5% to 20% of water, the rest - the mixture of waste sludge with transformer oil. Mixing is carried out in rotary pulsation apparatus at a speed of 2800 min -1 in a closed loop so that the degree of circulation was about 3.
The result is a cheap and stable enough for 30 days of water fuel composition with a viscosity of 0.45 Pa × s at 50 o C, containing 5.0 wt. % Peat.
example 2
The starting peat as in Example 1 was ground in a disintegrator DESY-11 to an average particle size of 50 microns.
The milled peat is mixed with water and the waste of cutting fluid that is a mixture of water, mineral oils, additives and solids (water content - 20%, kinematic viscosity at 50 o C of 29 mm 2 / s) and a mixture of waste transformer oil (kinematic viscosity at 100 o C of 17 mm 2 / s, the water content and mechanical impurities 0.2%) with polugudronom (density 942 kg / m 3, the water content of 2.1%, 0.2% solids), taken in a weight ratio of 50:50.
Mixing and homogenization was performed in a disintegrator DESY-11.
The amount of water mixed with the waste of cutting fluid was 20%, 25% peat, the remainder - a mixture of distillate and residual oil and solids.
In this case, and we get enough cheap fuel composition having a viscosity at 30 o C 1,22 Pa hours and stable over 30 days.
example 3
Source sediment from sewage treatment (58.0% moisture content, density 1500 kg / m 3 mineral content of the 30%, the composition of the organic part - proteins - 50%, fat 30%, carbohydrate 20%) was subjected to machining and grinding in a laboratory vibrating mill to average particle size 35 microns.
The resulting wet cake was crushed mixed in a rotor-pulsation device with waste oil (viscosity at 20 o C 0,65 Pa × s, solids content 2.3%; 2.5% water) and oil residue with a boiling point above 260 o C (density 925 kg / m3, a water content of 1.0%, 0.5% solids). The contents of all the following components, wt.%: Water 15 precipitate from the wastewater 20, the residual oil in admixture with the used oil 55.
The result is a cheap liquid fuel composition with a viscosity of 1.2 Pa × s at 20 o C and 0.35 Pa × s at 80 o C and stable up to 30 days.
example 4
Lignin Baikalsky PPM (42% moisture content in wt% based on the dry substance:. Lignin to 40 to 14 fibers, mineral admixtures and 14.5) and subjected to grinding in the machining-Pushkina Hotuntseva disperser at a speed of 1400 min -1 and a gap width of 0.5 mm to an average particle size of 39 microns.
The resulting pulverized lignin is mixed with used motor oil (a mixture of mineral and synthetic oils) (viscosity at 20 o C 0,45 Pa × s, solids content 1.5%) and water in a rotor-pulsation device at a speed of 2800 min -1 by passing the mixture three times to obtain a liquid fuel composition. Content, wt%: water 15 7.5 lignin, waste oil - the rest..
It gives a fairly cheap liquid fuel composition, the viscosity of which is 0.87 Pa × s at 20 o C. The stability of more than 30 days.
example 5
The starting peat (composition given in Example 1) was subjected to machining and grinding to an average particle size of 25 microns in DESY disintegrator 11. The resulting peat mixed with waste cutting fluid (coolant), representing a mixture of used coolant "Instrumental" and Lubrisol (density 900 kg / m 3, the kinematic viscosity of 28 mm 2 / s at 20 o C, the water content is 12%), water and a mixture of spent cylinder oil (density 926 kg / m3 100 kinematic viscosity at 67 o C mm 2 / s, the solids content of 0.1%, water 0.2%) and polugudrona (composition given in example 2) to obtain a disperse fuel emulsol system at a speed of 8,000 min -1 for the two runs.
Getting enough cheap liquid fuel composition comprises by weight. %: Peat 10; 20.4 water, the rest - a mixture of waste cylinder oil mixed with waste cutting fluid with polugudronom. The viscosity of the fuel at 50 o C 1,4 Pa hours, stability of 30 days.
example 6
The starting peat (composition given in Example 1) was treated as in Example 5, and then mixed with the spent coolant (composition as in Example 5), water and spent cylinder oil (density 917 kg / m 3, the kinematic viscosity at 40 o C 380 mm 2 / s, the solids content of 0.6%, 1.5% water) and homogenized as in example 5.
Prepared cheap liquid fuel composition comprising in weight%: peat 10, water in the mixture with spent cutting fluid 10, the rest - 100 to the waste oil..
Viscosity at 5 o C 0,75 Pa × s stability more than 30 days.
example 7
Waste transformer oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 o C 12,8 mm 2 / s, a water content of 0.7%, 1.7% solids) were pre-machining disperser Hotuntseva Pushkina by single-pass, then mixed with water and polugudronom (density 875 kg / m3, a water content of 1.5%, 0.3% solids) are soluble and homogenized to obtain a cheap fuel composition comprising, in weight.%: 10 water, mixtures of oil and residual oil 50:50 - 90. The viscosity of a fuel composition at 50 o C 0,41 Pa × s stability more than 30 days.
example 8
The mixture of used industrial oils IGP-20 and-68 datum (density 880 kg / m 3, viscosity at 40 o C of 58 mm 2 / s, the solids content of 0.8%, water 0.2%) were pre-machining in rotary- pulsation unit in a single pass. It treated the mixture, spent cutting fluid (water content 10 wt.%, The kinematic viscosity at 50 o C of 29 mm 2 / s), the water and oil residue with a boiling point above 260 o C (density 925 kg / m 3 of water content 1.5 wt.%, solids 1.6%) and homogenised 3x mixing disperser Hotuntseva-Pushkina.
We get the cheapest liquid fuel composition containing 20% of the waste coolant, and the rest - a mixture of oils and oil residue and stable over 30 days.
example 9
The mixture of spent industrial oil (as in example 8) was subjected to machining in pre-disperser Hotuntseva Pushkina 3x transmission. For processed foods have added water and oil tar (density 995 kg / m 3 viscosity at 80 o C of 800 cSt; solids content of 0.8%, water 2.5%) and homogenized twice passing through a rotary-pulsation device.
Get Cheap and stable for 30 days the liquid fuel composition containing 16% water, the rest - a mixture of industrial waste oil sludge in the ratio of 35:65.
example 10
The starting peat (as in Example 1) were pre-crushed in a disintegrator and machining DESY-11 to obtain the ground product with an average particle size of 27 microns.
The milled peat mixed with waste cutting fluid, water and a mixture of cylinder and engine oil (kinematic viscosity at 40 o C 788 mm 2 / s, a water content of 2.2%, mechanical impurities 0.16 wt.%) In the rotary- pulsating apparatus 3 times by homogenization.
Get Cheap and stable for 30 days the liquid fuel composition containing, by weight. %: Peat 10, water mixed with cutting fluid 20; the rest - a mixture of oils to 100. The viscosity of the composition 0.85 Pa × s at 20 o C.
example 11
Lignin (composition given in Example 7) was subjected to machining and grinding in a disintegrator 11 to DESY-average particle size of 28 microns.
The obtained pulverized lignin is mixed and homogenized in a rotary pulsation apparatus with a mixture of water and waste oils, the composition given in Example 1.
Get Cheap and stable liquid fuel composition containing, by weight. %: 5 lignin, water 20, and the rest - up to 100 a mixture of waste oils. The viscosity of the fuel of 0.68 Pa × s at 20 o C, the stability of more than 30 days.
CLAIM
1. A liquid fuel composition based on the waste oil and water, characterized in that it additionally contains residual oil in the following component ratio, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
The residual oil from used oil mixture - Up to 100
2. A liquid fuel composition based on the waste oil and water, characterized in that it additionally contains a solid component in the form of lignin, or sludge wastewater treatment, peat or the following component ratio, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
Lignin, or a residue from waste water or peat - 5 - 25
The residual oil in admixture with the used oil - up to 100
3. A liquid fuel composition based on the waste oil and water, characterized in that it additionally contains a solid component in the form of lignin, or sludge from waste water treatment, peat or the following component ratio, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
Lignin, or precipitate from the wastewater, or peat - 5 - 25
Waste oil - Up to 100
4. A liquid fuel composition according to claims 1 - 3, characterized in that it comprises a water-containing spent metalworking fluid or a mixture with water.
5. A method for preparing a liquid fuel composition according to claim 1, comprising mixing water with waste oil and residual oil, and homogenizing them, characterized in that the used oil is subjected to preliminary machining, the joint and then further mixing and homogenizing with water and residual oil, the fuel obtained composition containing components in the following ratio, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
The residual oil with used oil - up to 100
6. A method for preparing a liquid fuel composition according to claim 2, comprising mixing the used oil with water, characterized in that the solid component is further selected from the group: lignin, the precipitate from waste water or peat previously subjected to machining and grinding to an average particle size 10 - 50 microns, is then added to the solid component is machined, and the mixture of waste water with residual oil and petroleum product dispersed to yield a fuel composition containing the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
Lignin, or a residue from waste water or peat - 5 - 25
The residual oil in admixture with the used oil - up to 100
7. A method for preparing a liquid fuel composition according to claim 3 comprising mixing the used oil with water, characterized in that the solid component is further selected from the group: lignin, the precipitate from waste water or peat previously subjected to machining and grinding to an average particle size 10 - 50 microns, is then added to the solid component is machined, waste oil and water and dispersed to obtain the fuel composition, comprising components in the following ratio, wt.%:
Water - 10 - 20
Lignin, or precipitate from the wastewater, or peat - 5 - 25
Waste oil - Up to 100
8. A method according to claims 5 - 7, characterized in that the water containing the spent metalworking fluid and / or a mixture with water.
print version
Publication date 09.04.2007gg
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