| section Home
Production, Amateur Radio amateur Model aircraft, rocket- Useful, entertaining |
Stealth master
Electronics Physics Technologies invention |
space Mystery
Earth Mysteries Secrets of the Ocean Stealth section Map |
  |
| Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Products Patents / In the section of the catalog / back / |
|
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2291185
Components to engin fuels
Name of the inventor: Petukhov Leonid Ye (RU); Ziganshin Alexander (RU); Emelyanov Vyacheslav (RU); Antipov Ivan (RU)
The name of the patentee: Ivan Antipov (RU)
Address for correspondence: 117465, Moscow, Teply Stan, 7 k.1, kv.172, IA Antipov
Starting date of the patent: 2005.11.29
The invention relates to the refining and petrochemical industry and can be used to produce high octane gasoline production from the waste. The additive contains gidrogenizat production of butyl alcohol - 10-90% by weight, oxygenate -. 5-85% by weight, an aromatic amine -. 0.1-15% by weight, anticorrosion additives -. 0.1-1% by weight. Patent pending additive and fuel compositions with it have high anti-knock performance, phase stability in a wide temperature range and can improve the environmental properties of the fuel by reducing the CO and CxHy in the exhaust gas emissions. The additive contains metalloantidetonatorov, which reduces engine wear and reduce the negative impact on the activity of the catalytic converters of cars. Introduction of a by-product of butyl alcohol, and reduces the cost of the additive composition enhances its resource base and its production. When using supplements can be obtained high-octane motor gasoline (AI-91, AI-92, AI-95 and AI-98), both summer and winter.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the refining and petrochemical industry, and more specifically to the composition of additives for motor gasoline. The invention can be used to engage in the process of obtaining high-octane gasoline by-butyl alcohols produce.
As the additives to the gasoline octane widespread oxygenates including ethanol. However, an inherent disadvantage - the absorption of ambient moisture, causing delamination of the fuel mixture to form a two-phase system, that violates the fuel performance and impedes a stable operation of the engine. To eliminate this drawback of the additives on the basis of ethanol are introduced stabilizers.
Known additive to motor fuel (US Patent №4541836, C 10 L 1/18, 1985) containing ethyl alcohol and aliphatic alcohols C 3 -C 5. A composition containing this additive has the following composition,% wt .: Ethanol - 1-12, aliphatic alcohols, C 3 -C 5 - 0.3-4.0, petrol - the rest.
Common shortcomings of the additive based on oxygenates (including ethanol) is the need to introduce them into the base gasoline in significant quantities (10-15 wt.%) To improve the gasoline octane by 6-8 points. To improve the anti-knock properties contain additives, oxygenates, including and ethanol, is introduced in their composition aromatic amines (including N-methylaniline) and organometallic antidetonators containing various compounds of lead, iron or manganese.
Known additive, which comprises oxygenates (a mixture of esters with aliphatic alcohols of C 2 -C 5) and aromatic amines. As an oxygenate can be used ethanol, and the amine N-methylaniline. The composition contains about 0.5-0.75%. esters, about 0.3-2.0%. alcohol, about 0.3-1.5%. amine and 0.8% by volume. tetraethyl lead (French patent №2950841, C 10 L 1/00, 1971). Known additive to gasoline based on stabilized ethanol containing N-methylaniline, ferrocene and / or gidroksiizopropilferrotsen (RF patent №2129141, C 10 L 1/18, 1999). Known additive to gasoline on the basis of the oxygenate (including ethanol) containing in its composition by weight 0.05-2.5%. ferrocene and / or its derivatives, 10-95% wt. aromatic amine (including N-methylaniline) and at least one stabilizer, free radical scavenger selected from the group comprising formamide, methylformamide, dimethylformamide, N-methylacetamide (RF patent №2246527 1 C 10 L / 18, 1/22, 2005)
Common disadvantages for additives to motor fuels containing metalloantidetonatory refers increase engine wear and a negative impact on the operation of catalytic converters of cars.
The closest to the claimed technical solution is a universal multifunctional additive composition, wt%:
Oxygenates (alcohols, aliphatic C 3 -C 8) - 25-60;
The aromatic amine (N-methylaniline) - 45;
Anticorrosion additives (ARKVAD) - 0.1-0.4;
A fuel composition comprising, by weight%:
Ethanol - 10;
The water - 0.1-0.3;
The addition - 1.0-3.0;
Petrol - rest. (RF Patent №2194069 C 10 L 1/18, 1/22, 2002).
Disadvantages additives described in this patent is the presence therein of substantial amounts of N-methylaniline (45% wt.). Sharing of aliphatic alcohols and aromatic amines in high concentrations gives additives antioxidant properties, therefore in an additive or composition it is necessary to introduce the antioxidant (see. Patent specification RF patent №2246527 C 10 L 1/18, 1/22, 2005) . Using large amounts of costly N-methylaniline and aliphatic alcohols and significantly increases the cost of the additive and fuel composition based on it.
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks by reducing the content of N-methylaniline in the additive - no more than 15% (it increases the oxidation stability), the introduction into its composition hydrogenate production butanols (additive significantly reduced cost, because it is a byproduct ) and using as a number of different oxygenate compounds, which significantly enhances the production of the raw material base additives.
The difference of the claimed technical solution is the presence in the supplement hydrogenation production of butyl alcohols. Gidrogenizat production butyl alcohol comprises butyl alcohol, methanol, water, and ethers and esters and butyl esters, butyl formate, butyraldehyde, C 8 alcohols, and butyl butyrate butilizobutiraty and high boiling impurities.
There is a method of using hydrogenation production of butyl alcohol as a raw material for the production of methanol-aldehyde fraction and its subsequent use as an additive to motor gasoline. The method consists in the fact that methanol-aldehyde fraction released from the hydrogenation of butyl alcohols production successively in two mass-transfer devices. (RF Patent number 2254321 C / 07 C 27/34, 2005). Introduction of the additive directly hydrogenate production butyl alcohol would eliminate the additional step of processing it, the cost of equipment and processing.
The features (i.e., chemical composition) provides the proposed additive compositions and with it high antiknock phase stability and efficiency in a wide temperature range, and can improve the environmental and fuel properties by lowering the CO and CxHy in the exhaust gas emissions. The totality of the above-mentioned effects can be achieved only features supplements.
As part of the additives in the production of a hydrogenation following substances can be used butyl alcohol: addition of "ICM" (TU 38.401-58-338-2004 1-3 rev.), Hydrogenation-butanol butilformiatnoy fraction (TU 2421-009-53505711- 2004 rev. 1-2) or mixtures thereof, and products and, they are identical in chemical composition. The concentration of the additive in the manufacture of butyl alcohol hydrogenation can be from 10 to 90% by weight.
The additive composition as oxygenate may be any monoalcohols C 1 -C 6, both normal and branched chain, regardless of their method of production (using ethanol permitted content of fusel oils and 20 wt.% With a total water content of the alcohol is not more than 10% wt.) or methyl tert-butyl ether (TU 0000-412-05742686-95 rev. 1-2 or 38.103704-90 TU) or feterol (TU 2421-009-04749189-98 amended. 1-2) or methanol-fraction aldehyde production butanols, or mixtures thereof. The concentration of the oxygenate in the additive may range from 5 to 85% by weight.
The additive composition as anticorrosion additives may be used additive "Anticorrosive T" or «DCI-11", or mixtures thereof, and products and they are identical in chemical composition. The concentration of the additive in anticorrosion additives may be from 0.1 to 1% by weight.
The additive composition as aromatic amines can be used N-methylaniline (TU 2471-269-00204168-96) aniline (GOST 5819-78), N, N-dimethylaniline (GOST 5855-78) Ekstralin (TU 6-02-571-90) or mixtures thereof. The concentration of the additive in the aromatic amines may range from 0.1 to 15% by weight.
When using supplements can be obtained high-octane motor gasoline (AI-91, AI-92, AI-95 and AI-98), both summer and winter. The resulting compositions may contain water in an amount of 0.1-0.4 wt.%, While maintaining the required phase stability.
Examples of the additive composition shown in Table 1, and the physicochemical properties of the compositions antiknock with it in table 2, and its effect on the amount of CO and CxHy emissions with the exhaust gases in Table 3.
CLAIM
The additive for motor fuel containing an oxygenate, an aromatic amine, a corrosion inhibitor, characterized in that it further comprises producing gidrogenizat butyl alcohols, with the following component ratio, wt.%:
print version
Publication date 16.01.2007gg
Comments
Commenting, keep in mind that the content and the tone of your messages can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to his interlocutors, even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in terms of freedom of speech and anonymity offered by the Internet, is changing not only virtual, but real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam control.