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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2123029
CARBON-CONTAINING BRIQUET AND METHOD OF ITS OBTAINING
The name of the inventor: Lurii Valery Grigorievich
The name of the patent owner: Lurii Valery Grigorievich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1997.05.08
The invention relates to the technology of preparation and production of briquettes for use as a fuel, reducing agent and metal carrier in the production of cast iron. To increase the mechanical and thermal strength of briquettes, the carbonaceous briquette contains a heat-treated mixture of composition, %: Waste of metallurgical production in the form of oil-and-clay sludge and / or top dust and / or iron scale - 10-60, sulfonic acid or molasses - 1-15, lime - 0,01-10 and coke or coal fines - up to 100, The lime is evenly distributed in the mixture or applied to the briquette as a layer of a saturated aqueous solution of lime with an additive of 5-30 wt. % Of a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses. The preparation of a carbonaceous briquette involves mixing the coke or coal fines with an oil-octaline-containing sludge and / or top dust, and / or iron scale and a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses, introducing lime, briquetting the mixture at a pressure of at least 5 MPa, heat treatment of the briquettes at 250-700 ° C in For at least 5 minutes and cooling, the lime powder being introduced into the mixture or applied to the briquette as a layer of a saturated aqueous solution of lime with the addition of 5-30% by weight of a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses at the above proportion of components in a briquette, cooling briquettes can be carried out Simultaneously with applying lime solution to hot briquettes by evaporation of moisture from the solution; Cooling of the briquettes and can be carried out by mixing them with oil-octane-containing sludge and / or coke breeze, followed by the separation of briquettes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the technology of preparation and production of briquettes for use in the production of cast iron.
It is known to use an oil-oleic-containing sludge, which is a small particle of iron, covered with a layer of oil and water with an iron content in the sludge 
75%, as an additive in the amount of 4-16% by weight to the coal charge for coking, which allows to be disposed of in the slag of rolling production (II Svishchev, VGTrofimov et al., Use of oleocrystalline sludge in the production of coke, Journal of Coke and Chemistry, No. 2, 1985, pp. 14-15). It should be noted that, according to this method, the agglomerate will have a significant part of the pieces with reduced mechanical and thermal strength, which is associated with the displacement of the slurry along with liquid pyrolysis products during the coking process.
A method for producing coke aggregates by molding a mixture of coke dust from sintering coal with an additive of 5 to 20% by weight of slag dust from steelmaking and 4% by weight of an organic binder, for example molasses (JP, application, 60-81294, C 10 L 5/02, 1985), which are intended to be added to converters to increase the melting point and metal yield.
A disadvantage of the known composition of the aggregates and the method for obtaining it is that the briquette has a relatively low iron content, which leads to an increase in the cost of producing the metal.
The closest is a known carbonaceous briquette based on a heat-treated mixture of coke or coal fines, crushed metal waste - metal dust or shavings, a sulfonic acid derivative and lime, which is obtained by mixing these components, briquetted mixtures with subsequent heat treatment and cooling (SU, copyright certificate N 72000, C 10 L 5/16, 1948).
However, non-control of the quantitative composition of the components of the briquette does not allow ensuring uniform and sufficient mechanical and thermal strength of the briquettes.
The technical result of the invention is to increase the mechanical and thermal strength of the briquettes.
Summary of the invention consists in that the carbonaceous briquette based on the heat-treated mixture contains, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge, and / or blast dust, and / or iron scale - 10 - 60
Sulphonic acid or molasses derivative 1-15
Lime - 0,01 - 10,0
Coke or coal fines - Up to 100
The lime is evenly distributed in the mixture or applied to the briquette as a surface layer from a saturated aqueous solution of lime with the addition of 5-30% by weight of a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses.
The method for producing carbonaceous briquettes includes mixing coke or coal fines with a crushed waste of metallurgical production - an oil-octane-containing slurry and / or blast furnace dust and / or an iron scale, a sulfonic acid or molasses derivative and lime injection, pressing briquettes out of the mixture at a pressure of at least 5 MPa, 250-700 ° C for at least 5 minutes, the lime powder being introduced into the mixture or applied to the briquette as a layer of a saturated aqueous solution (not less than 50 to 70% concentration) of lime, with 5 to 30% by weight of a sulfonic acid derivative added thereto Or molasses at the ratio of components in the briquettes,% by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge, and / or blast furnace dust, and / or iron scale - 10 - 60
Sulphonic acid or molasses derivative 1-15
Lime - 0,01 - 10,0
Coke or coal fines - Up to 100
Cooling of briquettes is made either simultaneously with applying lime solution to hot briquettes by evaporation of moisture from the solution, or cooling briquettes are made by mixing them with oil-octane-containing sludge and / or coke breeze, followed by the separation of briquettes.
According to the proposed method, they are fed from a silo containing silicified sludge and / or blast furnace dust and / or iron scale, lime, binder, lignosulfonate or molasses to a mixer. After mixing, the mixture is fed to a roller press where briquettes are formed at a pressure of 5 to 50 MPa. Briquettes after the roller press are fed into the chamber where the briquettes are heat-treated at a temperature of 250-700 ° C for at least 5 minutes. After the heat treatment chamber, the briquettes are cooled either by air or by applying an aqueous solution of lime to their surface with an addition of 5-30% by weight of the sulfonic acid derivative or molasses, while the evaporating water takes away some of the heat from the briquettes, or by mixing hot briquettes with cold oleoclinic sludge And / or coke breeze, which take some of the heat from the briquettes, and the sludge and / or coke breeze are dried, then the briquettes are separated from the sludge and / or coke breeze.
EXAMPLE 1 The following components are used: coke fines minus 10 mm with an ash content of 12%, a moisture content of 14%, a 47% aqueous solution of lignosulfonate on a sodium base; Oil-and-alumina sludge of the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine with 9% oil, 10% moisture and 81% of the scale of iron, which contains 73% of iron; Top dust containing 46% iron; Powder of lime.
These components are loaded into the hopper, under which feeder-dispensers are installed; Lignosulfonate is poured into the container into which the suction of the gear pump-metering pump enters. The hopper for the oil-octaline-containing sludge contains a ripper, and a feeder-dispenser under this screw-type bunker; The other feeders are belt-type feeders.
In the continuous mixer, the components are fed in the following ratio, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 40
Blast furnace dust - 5
Lime - 1
Lignosulfonate on the sodium base - 10
Coke fines - 44
The components are mixed in a mixer and fed to a roller press, where the mixture is pressed into briquettes at a pressure of 30 MPa. The briquettes are collected on mesh pallets and installed in a muffle furnace, where at 350 ° C the briquettes were kept for 35 minutes. The briquettes are then cooled in air for 30 minutes to a temperature of 40 ° C. The briquettes obtained are in the form of a round lens 50 mm in diameter and 36 mm in thickness. The strength of the compression briquettes was 13 MPa, after their daily soaking of the briquettes in water, their strength was 12.4 MPa, the briquettes did not break down when heated to 1500 o C, these characteristics indicate a high mechanical and thermal strength of the briquettes, which contain a heat-treated mixture of components in the following Ratio, wt.%:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 40
Blast furnace dust - 5
Lignosulfonate on the sodium base - 10
Lime - 1
Coke fines - 44
Example 2. Preparation of carbonaceous briquettes according to Example 1, but instead of lignosulphate, a molasses of Novokubansky sugar plant is used as a binder. At the same time, briquettes with a mechanical strength of 13.6 MPa were obtained, the remaining parameters are similar to Example 1.
EXAMPLE 3 The following components are used: coal fines of grade Ж (bold) minus 6 mm, ash content 15.6%, humidity 8.2, thickness of plastic layer 26 mm; Molasses of the Novokubansky sugar refinery, the slurry of the Chelyabinsk metallurgical plant with the characteristics specified in example 1, top dust containing 46% iron and iron scale, containing 76% iron, lime powder.
These components were dosed to the mixer in the following ratio, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 6
Blast furnace dust - 2
Iron scale - 2
Lime - 0,01
Molasses - 1
Coal fines - 88,99
The components are mixed for 3 minutes and fed to a roller press, where the mixture is briquetted at a pressure of 25 MPa. The briquettes are then heat-treated at 250 ° C for 60 minutes, after which the briquettes are cooled by stirring them with an oil-octane-containing slurry for 30 minutes, after which the briquettes are separated from the sludge on the screen. The resulting briquettes have a compressive strength of 10 MPa, after a daily soaking the compressive strength is 9.3 MPa, and the briquettes are not destroyed when heated to 1500 ° C. These values characterize the high mechanical and thermomechanical strength of the briquettes. The composition of briquettes corresponds to the composition of the mixture.
EXAMPLE 4 An oil-containing sludge, top dust; Coke breeze, lime solution and lignosulfonate with the characteristics as in Example 1 in the following ratio, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 50
Blast furnace dust - 10
Lignosulfonate - 14.5
Coke breeze - 25,5
After these components are mixed for 6 minutes, the mixture is compressed on a roll press at a pressure of 5 MPa and the briquettes are heat treated at 700 ° C. for 5 minutes. Briquettes after heat treatment are cooled by applying to their surface an aqueous solution of lime with the addition of 30% by weight of lignosulfonate. Briquettes in the form of a round lens with a diameter of 54 mm and a thickness of 44 mm had on the surface a layer of lime 2 mm thick, which firmly held on the surface of the briquettes due to lignosulfonate, which, when it came to the hot briquette, glued the lime well to the surface of the briquette. The compressive strength of briquettes was 14.2 MPa, after a daily soaking in water, the compressive strength was 13.8 MPa, the briquettes did not break down when heated to 1500 o C. These figures reflect the high mechanical and thermal strength of the briquettes. These briquettes consist of a heat-treated mixture containing the components in the following ratio, by weight:
Oil sludge containing sludge - 49.5
Blast furnace dust - 9,5
Lime - 1.0
Lignosulfonate on sodium base - 15
Coke breeze - 25
EXAMPLE 5 An oil-alumina slurry of the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine containing 9% oil, 10% moisture and 81% iron scale, which contains 73% iron, is used; Coke breeze minus 10 mm with an ash content of 12%, humidity of 14%, iron scale with an iron content of 76%; 47% solution of ligosulfonate on the sodium base, lime powder. These components are mixed in a mixer in the following ratio, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 7
Iron scale - 3
Lignosulfonate - 10
Lime - 10
Coke fines - 70.
After stirring for 2 minutes, the mixture is fed to a roll press where the briquettes are compressed at a pressure of 25 MPa. The briquettes are then heat treated at 350 ° C. for 30 minutes. After heat treatment, the briquettes are cooled in air.
The resulting briquettes from the heat-treated mixture contain the following components, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge - 7
Iron scale - 3
Lignosulfonate - 10
Lime - 10
Coke fines - 70
Briquettes have the form of a round lens with a diameter of 50 mm, a thickness of 36 mm. The strength of briquettes for compression is 12 MPa, after the daily soaking of briquettes in water, their strength is 11.2 MPa. Briquettes do not break down when they are heated to 1500 o C. These figures reflect the high mechanical and thermal strength of briquettes.
Thus, carbonaceous briquettes having a high mechanical and thermal strength are obtained according to the invention.
CLAIM
1. A carbonaceous briquette based on a heat-treated mixture of coke or coal fines, a crushed waste of metallurgical production, a sulfonic acid derivative and lime, characterized in that, as a waste of metallurgical production, it contains an oleaginous sludge and / or top dust, and / or iron scale with the following Component ratio, w / w%:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge, and / or blast dust, and / or iron scale - 10 - 60
Sulphonic acid or molasses derivative 1-15
Lime - 0,01 - 10
Coke or coal fines - Up to 100
The lime is evenly distributed in the mixture or applied to the briquette as a layer of a saturated aqueous solution of lime with the addition of 5-30% % Of a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses.
2. A process for the production of carbonaceous briquettes comprising mixing coke or coal fines with a comminuted waste of metallurgical production, a sulfonic acid derivative and introducing lime, briquetting the mixture and subsequently heat treating and cooling the briquettes, characterized in that the waste material of the metallurgical industry is an oil-oily sludge and / or And / or iron scale, the briquettes are pressed at a pressure of not less than 5 MPa and subjected to a heat treatment at 250-700 ° C for at least 5 minutes, the lime powder being introduced into the mixture or applied to the briquette as a layer of a saturated aqueous solution of lime with an additive 5-30% by weight of a sulfonic acid derivative or molasses, with the following component ratio in a briquette, by weight:
Maslokalinskoderzhashchy sludge, and / or blast dust, and / or iron scale - 10 - 60
Sulphonic acid or molasses derivative 1-15
Lime - 0,01 - 10,0
Coke or coal fines - Up to 100
3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling of the briquettes is carried out simultaneously with applying the lime solution to the hot briquettes by evaporation of moisture from the solution.
4. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling of the briquettes is made by mixing them with an oil-alumina-containing slurry and / or coke breeze, followed by the separation of the briquettes.
print version
Date of publication 01/16/2007
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