section Home
Production, Amateur
Radio amateur
Model aircraft, rocket-
Useful, entertaining 		Stealth master
Electronics
Physics
Technologies
invention 		space Mystery
Earth Mysteries
Secrets of the Ocean
Stealth
section Map
Start
Forum
Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks)
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2237083

OIL BEING

OIL BEING

Name of the inventor: Vladimir Shapiro Izrailevich (RU); Oleg Kryukov
The name of the patentee: Vladimir Shapiro Izrailevich (RU); Oleg Kryukov
Address for correspondence: 194017, St. Petersburg, and / I 71, pat.pov. G.P.Saburovoy
Starting date of the patent: 2003.03.04

The invention relates to a heat source and solid fuel may be used, such as auxiliary fuel for space heating and economical in domestic and industrial environments. Fuel vehicle contains 70-80% of waste peeling buckwheat grains, 10-15% flour waste peeling buckwheat grains and natural dust, 10-30% sawdust and the rest water. Fuel means may be formed in the form of briquettes or pellets. The invention expands the range solid-fuel heat sources, contributes to the creation of environmentally friendly fuel with high energy and strength characteristics and utilization of grain processing waste buckwheat.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a heat source and solid fuel may be used, such as auxiliary fuel for space heating and economical in domestic and industrial environments.

In modern conditions of life an important issue is the creation and use of an inexpensive and environmentally friendly fuel with high energy performance. By creating such a fuel, usually it should include the organic components of plant origin and / or their production of waste.

Tonnage production wastes arise in the processing of cereal grains such as buckwheat processing waste having a husk whose disposal causes big problems.

Known waste processing method buckwheat grain husks which are used as a component for the manufacture of heat-insulating material (RU №2075210, C 04 B 28/24, 1994). It includes water glass, diatomaceous earth and sodium fluorosilicate, and further comprises Portland cement and buckwheat husk in the following ratio, wt.%: Water glass 39-44, 22-26, diatomite, sodium fluorosilicate 6-9 portladtsement 2,1-3,0 , buckwheat husks 22-26. Number husk utilizable in the manufacture of such insulating material slightly.

Known fuel briquettes (variants) (RU №2187542, C 10 L 11/04, 2001). A fuel briquette comprises, by weight%: 50-93 crushed charcoal, starch or wheat flour or dextrin 3-45, water - up to 100, or else further comprises 4-15% wood sawdust with 35-91% content of crushed charcoal, 3. 45% of wheat flour or starch or dextrin, the balance to 100 - water.

The disadvantages of fuel briquettes is the fact that the presence in its composition of starch and wheat flour leads to a rise in the cost of the briquette.

Known fuel briquette, and method for its preparation (RU №2068442, C 10 L 5/14, 1994). A fuel briquette comprises a mixture of ground solid fuel with a solution of the binder - sulfonic acid derivative, for example sodium lignosulfonate or metilennaftalinsulfokisloty with humidity of not more than 9%, encapsulated in a combustible sheath, and the volume of the cured mixture volume equal to the inner shell. The use fine coal, coal sludge, sawdust, husk, crushed bark as solid fuel and others. The disadvantages of the fuel briquette may include multi-component composition, which leads to cost increase of the briquette.

Problems Solved by the invention are: the expansion of the range solid-fuel heat sources, creating environmentally friendly fuel with high energy and strength properties, grain processing waste recycling buckwheat.

The tasks are solved as follows:

Fuel means comprises a solid base, and organic binder, and is characterized in that the solid bases used buckwheat grains peeling waste and as binder - peeling waste buckwheat flour grain natural wood chips and dust at the following ratio, wt.%:

  • Waste peeling buckwheat grains 70-80
  • Waste Flour peeling buckwheat grains and natural dust 10-15
  • Sawdust 10-30
  • Other water

Fuel means may be formed in the form of briquettes or pellets.

Waste peeling buckwheat grains (buckwheat husk) are formed in the purification of buckwheat kernels from the outer cover. Waste is a set of unconnected individual elements. Each element has a stable space-karkarsnuyu structure and consists of a single, dual or triple lobe, is a fairly tough elastic structure. The petals are covered with natural dust and mixed with the remains of flour, formed during the cleaning buckwheat kernel. Number of natural dust and flour can be up to 15% per 1 ton of husk.

Direct burning husk in a furnace is unsafe, because it is a fluid mix of lung lobes with the remains of flour, which is the initiator of ignition (combustion).

Remains of flour in the formation of fuel means act as a binder component.

Wood chips are the product of the processing of waste wood of different wood species, resulting from the industrial processing of industrial wood. By fractional composition they are a mixture of particles ranging in size from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm with a moisture content of 8-10%.

The process for producing fuel resources is as follows.

Buckwheat husks, dust and the coated natural flour, sawdust, each of its storage, conveyed to the dispensing device, after which they enter through a sluice feeders for horizontal conveyor, which feeds into the operative hopper press. The hopper and the feed system is made gas-tight, which prevents dust enter the premises. From an operational press feed hopper by means of driving force set in the hopper is supplied to the vane feeder press, and then to the mixer, where the raw material is thoroughly mixed and treated with superheated steam from the steam generator at a temperature of 200-250 ° C and a pressure 0,1-0 15 atm. Ready-to-press mixture is fed into a press, where, depending on the final product (granules or pellets) pressing process occurs under pressure of 1,000-1,200 kgf / cm 2 and at a temperature of 150-200 ° C.

The resulting product after pressing at a temperature of 80 ° C, is fed to further cooling and storage. briquette strength sufficient for their stacking and transportation.

The finished product has the form of briquettes with the dimensions 150 × 40 × 30 mm or pellets (cylindrical bars) with dimensions - diameter from 6 to 8 mm with a length of up to 25 mm.

The briquetting process by heating the mixture to a temperature of 200-250 ° C causes thermal decomposition of wood resins and the release of gaseous products. The resulting resin envelop every bit of buckwheat husks and connect with the natural dust and flour located on the petals. The resulting component is a binder during compaction. On the surface of the fuel means a film is formed, which gives it water-repellent properties, and are briquettes and pellets acquire high strength and moisture resistance. The following are characteristics of the finished fuel to use funds:

  • Humidity 8-10%
  • The density of 600-750 kg / m 3
  • Calorific value 20,0-24,0 MJ / kg
  • The ash content of not more than 3.2%

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1

Briquettes have the following composition, wt.%: Peeling waste 70.0 buckwheat grains, flour, buckwheat grains peeling waste and natural dust 10.5, 17.5 sawdust, water 2.0.

Characteristics of briquettes:

  • Humidity not more than 9%
  • Density 650 kg / m 3
  • The calorific value of 22.0 MJ / kg
  • The ash content of not more than 2%

EXAMPLE 2

The granules have the following composition, wt.%: Peeling waste 74.0 buckwheat grains, flour, buckwheat grains peeling waste and natural dust 11.0, 12.5 sawdust, water and 2.5.

granules Characteristic:

  • Humidity not more than 8%
  • The density of 700 kg / m 3
  • The calorific value of 21.0 MJ / kg
  • The ash content of not more than 2%

The resulting fuel is inexpensive, has a simple way to obtain, ecological cleanliness and solves the problem of recycling waste wood and green waste peeling buckwheat grains in large quantities.

CLAIM

1. Fuel agent comprising solid organic framework and a binder, characterized in that the solid bases used buckwheat grains peeling waste and as binder - peeling waste buckwheat flour grain natural wood chips and dust at the following ratio, wt. %:

  • Waste peeling buckwheat grains 70-80
  • Waste Flour peeling buckwheat grains and natural dust 5-10
  • Sawdust 10-30
  • Other water

2. A compound according to claim 1, characterized in that it is formed in the form of briquettes or pellets.

3. A compound according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the peeling waste buckwheat grains consist of single and / or double and / or triple petals.

print version
Publication date 07.01.2007gg