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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2009180
FUEL BRIQUET
The name of the inventor: Kuskova EN; Kuskov V.B.
The name of the patent holder: St. Petersburg State Mining Institute named after GVPlekhanov
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1991.02.11
Application: in the fuel industry. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The fuel briquette contains, %: Clay 10 - 25; Potassium or sodium nitrate 5 - 20; Aluminum or magnesium 5 - 15 and hard coal the rest, which ensures a reduction in the prime cost and explosiveness of the briquette.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to briquetting and can be used for the production of fuel briquettes.
Many types of fuel briquettes are known including clay up to 30% as binder (1).
The disadvantages of such a briquette are low combustion temperature, low caloric content, difficulty in ignition, etc.
The prototype of the claimed object is a briquettes containing aluminum, KClO 4 , clay and coal (2). The main disadvantages of such a composition are its high cost and explosiveness of formulations containing KClO 4 .
The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost and explosion hazard.
The aim is achieved by the fact that the briquette contains the following ratio of components, wt. %: Clay 10-25; Potassium or sodium nitrate 5-20; Aluminum or magnesium 5-15; Hard coal remaining.
In this invention, a cheap binder is used, clay, and the briquetting process is carried out at low pressure and without any heating or pre-drying of the materials. In addition, potassium or sodium nitrates are cheaper and do not form explosive mixtures in contrast to potassium perchlorate. All this reduces the cost of briquettes.
Clay content less than 10% reduces the strength of the briquettes, the clay consumption above 25% reduces the calorific value of the briquette and complicates its burning.
The content of potassium (or sodium) nitrate below 5% complicates the ignition of the briquette, reduces the heat of combustion, the content above 20% increases the cost of the briquette, increases its fire hazard, increases the amount of smoke during combustion, reduces the burning time, leads to the destruction of the briquette during combustion.
The content of magnesium or aluminum below 5% reduces the temperature of briquettes burning and caloric content, the content above 15% increases the cost price, increases the fire hazard, reduces the burning time and leads to the destruction of the briquette during combustion.
EXAMPLE. Coal (anthracite) containing 6% of ash was crushed to 2 mm, clay (bentonite), magnesium, aluminum and saltpeter were crushed to 0.2 mm (saltpeter separately). Further, all components were mixed in a screw mixer for 30 minutes with the addition of water to a moisture content of 15-20%. Then the mixture was pressed at a pressure of 115 kgf / cm 2 , at ordinary temperature and dried for 4-8 hours (depending on the weight of the briquette). One of the main variants of the briquettes was 200x100x100 and was perforated by 32 holes with a diameter of 10 mm. The weight of the raw briquette was up to 4 kg, dried 2-3.5 kg, dry humidity 1.5-2.8%, density 1.6-1.95 g / cm 3 , strength (failure pressure) 35-60 kgf / Cm 2 .
It should be noted that the resulting cinder "can serve as a building material, since its strength was up to 155 kgf / cm 2 , it has excellent thermal insulation properties and is completely water resistant.
A number of basic parameters of briquettes are given in the table.
Thus, the application of the claimed composition of the briquette makes it possible to reduce its prime cost by 70 p / t, and practically exclude the possibility of an explosion. (56) Authorship of the USSR N 54977, cl. C 10 L 5/12, 1936.
Application of Japan N 58-59288, cl. C 10 L 5/02, 1983.
CLAIM
A FUEL BRIQUET including coal, clay, an oxidizer is an alkali metal salt and a combustible metal comprising aluminum, characterized in that, as an alkali metal salt, it contains potassium or sodium nitrate at the following component ratio, %:
Clay 10 - 25
Potassium or sodium nitrate 5 - 20
Aluminum or magnesium 5 - 15
Coal Other
print version
Date of publication 15.01.2007гг
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