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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2108702

Digester to produce organic fertilizers and fuels BIOGAS

Name of the inventor: Andryukhin Timothy Y.
The name of the patentee: Andryukhin Timothy Y.
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1995.06.14

The invention is intended for use on livestock farms, rural estates and suburban areas for the anaerobic digestion of manure, feces, and various vegetable waste with the development of these organic fertilizers and biogas. Digester tank 1 is inclined with the bottom of the dome 2 and 3, which is attached to the baffle 6 having a flared bottom 2 of the tank 1 under the flared socket 7. 7 is convex to the center of the tank 1 in the form of a reflector 8 of the ring. The inner reflector diameter less than the diameter of the socket 8, a bottom 7, which prevents flow from the biogas fermentation inner chamber 5 into the outer chamber 4.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to sewerage and mostly intended for use in agriculture to livestock and poultry farms, estates villagers and individual gardening and suburban areas for the anaerobic digestion of manure, dung, faeces, and various vegetable waste with the development of these high quality disinfected from pathogenic microflora , helminths, their eggs and weed seeds manure and biogas fuels.

Known digester for the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge [1], comprising a reservoir with a sloping bottom and a dome, to which is attached the camera department of sludge water from the fermented mass with pipes drain fluid and biogas, while the dome is made gas collector with a vent pipe of biogas and the reservoir equipped with nozzles entering raw sludge and discharging fermented.

The disadvantage of the digester is that it does not allow a consistent phase-segregated organic waste digestion diluted that in the digester without any prior training immediately upon their entry into the digester tank is mixed with in a reservoir in the fermentation mass. This significantly reduces the performance of the digester, and entering in the composition introduced into the tank digester fresh organic waste different light organic inclusions (straw, shavings, sawdust, bird feather, peat, etc.), Surfacing inside the tank, under its dome in gazosborochnoy neck thick crust that prevents the exit of the biogas tank.

Known and digester for digestion of sewage sludge [2], contains a reservoir with a sloping bottom and a dome attached to the dome and reaching to the bottom of the tank circumferential wall having a bottom facing the wall of the tank socket and separates the reservoir to the outer and inner digestion chamber, nozzles feeding raw sludge to the inner chamber and discharging it from fermented, biogas and sludge drainage of water from the outer chamber, removing biogas from the fermentation zone of the inner chamber.

A disadvantage of this known digester is that it can not be used for serial per phase anaerobic digestion of organic waste in the outer and then the inner chambers, as the wet cake was fed to the inner chamber, wherein at once, without any pretreatment, mixed located with the bottom of the fermentation tank weight, and much of the interior chamber formed in the biogas entrained sludge flows into the outer chamber, breaking the serial mode per phase diluted fermentation of organic waste.

According to the technical nature of their structural performance and the achieved result known digester [2] is the closest to the invention.

The object of the present invention is to provide a consistent per phase digester for anaerobic digestion of various organic wastes diluted, which would have a high degree of reliable and stable performance, without requiring a long period of time of any operating and adjustment measures, tassel and suspensions fermentation process.

According to the invention the task set is achieved in that in the side wall on the tank perimeter, manufactured from various materials round, oval, square, rectangular or polygonal shape in plan, below the funnel walls has a convex to the tank center of the reflector in the form of the inside of a hollow or solid ring having in cross section, round, oval or diamond shape, with reflector inner size smaller than the bottom of the socket septa, and organic waste inlet tube located in the outer chamber of the reservoir.

Achieving this problem is provided by the invention in any of the forms of its implementation in terms of its partitioning with socket and a reflector with any of the above sections, while the tank of the digester and partition with socket and a reflector may be made of various materials, including sheet metal, various polymers , plastic, glass, rubble stone, brick, concrete, reinforced concrete, and others.

Digester to produce organic fertilizers and fuels BIOGAS Digester to produce organic fertilizers and fuels BIOGAS
Digester to produce organic fertilizers and fuels BIOGAS

FIG. 1 shows a sectional digester in its execution of the various sheet and roll materials with convex reflector inside the tank in the form of the inside of the hollow ring; general form; FIG. 2 - a section along A-A in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 - a sectional digester from sheet material embedded in the tank as a reflector inside of the hollow ring diamond shape in cross section, perspective view; FIG. 4 - sectional digester made of concrete, brick, quarry-stone, concrete (precast or monolithic) with the reflector as a continuous ring inside of the body wall of the container, general view; FIG. 5 - section along A-A in FIG. 4 in the performance of the digester in the form of a rectangle in the plan; FIG. 6 - the same as in the performance of the digester in the form of a polygon in the plan; FIG. 7 - section along A-A in FIG. 1 when the digester in an oval shape in plan view.

Type on YY of Fig. 5 and FIG. 6 corresponds to FIG. 4 which shows a general sectional view of the digester tank with massive and thin-walled baffle and funnel and views on YY of Fig. 7 corresponds to FIG. 3, which shows a general sectional view of the digester with its fulfillment of a minor thickness of sheet materials.

FIG. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6 the arrows B, B ', B and B' shows the dimensions of the socket bottom 7 and the inside of the reflector 8. It is shown that the size of B and B 'is greater than the size of B and B', respectively.

Digester is a sealed container 1 of cylindrical, oval, rectangular or polygonal plan form with inclined bottom and a dome 2 and 3, the latter of which is secured a generator outer 4 and inner 5 camera fermentation not reaching to the bottom 2 bulkhead 6 having a bottom facing the bottom of the funnel 2 funnel 7 7. Under septum 6 is convex toward the center of the tank 1, the reflector 8 as the inside of the hollow or solid ring having a circular, oval in cross section (FIG. 1), a rhombus shape or the like (FIG. 3 and 4). Dimension B and B 'are convex inward tank 1 reflector 8 is smaller than the bottom of the funnel 7, septum 6 B and B', respectively, which precludes receipt of biogas from the inner chamber 5 into the outer chamber 4, while formed at a phase by phase pre-fermentation in the outer chamber 4 free fatty acids enter into the inner chamber 5. in the outer chamber 4 is liquefied feed pipe 9 the organic waste, the output of which is at the end of the tee 10, which provides an effective mixing in the fermentation mass of the outer chamber 4 introduced into it under pressure fresh liquefactioned organic waste. For emptying the digester and digested sludge outlet of the inner chamber 5 installed therein pipe 11. Above the outer 4 and inner 5 biogas outlet chambers arranged tubes 12 and 13. Other pipes (for heating the fermentation mass, level control, etc. and overflow.) At not shown, and their performance and accommodation in the digester at different possible methods.

Work digester, depending on the type, quality and raw material moisture, the need for effective decontamination fermentable organic waste from pathogenic microorganisms, helminths and their eggs and weed seeds may be carried out in a wide range of different doses of cyclic or continuous loading at various temperatures fermentation, which is assigned technological regulations of its specific use.

Anaerobic digestion of organic waste diluted agriculture or public utilities in the proposed digester is performed as follows.

Fresh liquefied and crushed organic waste humidity 93 ± 4% through conduit 9 is introduced under pressure into the outer chamber 4, where the different directions of the jets of the tee 10 with the contents stirred chamber 4. popup thus enable easy trudnosbrazhivaemye containing cellulose, lignin, fats, proteins, and other substances mixed with the fermentation chamber 4 and shatters mass contained therein symbiosis cleaving (hydrolyzing) the microorganisms that ensure in a first phase of anaerobic digestion for the destruction of compounds difficult to form a simple one in the second fermentation phase at pH less than 7.2 denser fatty acids and amino acids, which flow from the chamber 4 down into the chamber 5 where at a higher pH value is carried out following the final phase of anaerobic digestion to form a biogas high in methane. Retraction less caloric biogas from the outer chamber 4 and a methane-rich biogas from the inner chamber 5 is performed through the nozzles 12 and 13. Release biogas upwards from the bottom 2 to 3 dome ensures efficient mixing of the mass in the fermentation chamber 5 creates at the top dome 3 continuously "boiling" liquid surface, thereby preventing the formation of "skin", while promoting dosbrazhivaniyu light weight of the particles and the absorption of hydrogen sulphide from biogas is used in the fermentation mass of the formation of symbiotic microorganisms engaged in the digester anaerobic digestion of organic matter.

CLAIM

Digester comprising a reservoir with the side wall and the conical bottom and a dome concentric baffle disposed within the vessel, fixed at its dome and dividing the tank to the outer and inner chambers organic waste inlet tubes and removal of digested sludge and biogas and drain pipes from the outside and the inner chambers with partition not reaching rezervuarai bottom has a lower part flared towards the bottom of the tank socket, characterized in that the side wall on the tank perimeter, manufactured round, oval, square, rectangular or polygonal shape in plan, below the funnel baffle has convex reflector to the center tank in the form of the inside of the hollow or solid ring having a circular, oval or diamond-shaped in cross section, the inner reflector size smaller than the bottom of the socket septa, and organic waste inlet tube located in the outer chamber of the reservoir.

print version
Publication date 05.01.2007gg