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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2086512

digester

digester

Name of the inventor: Viktor Tumchenok
The name of the patentee: Tumchenok Viktor Ivanovich
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.01.22

The invention relates to biogas and protein-vitamin additives / BVD / anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms from animal and poultry waste products and can be used in wastewater treatment plants in agriculture. Digester is made of cameras sour, sour regression, alkali and methane fermentation, a sequence of messages on the mash and biogas, acid camera regression of acid and alkaline fermentation chamber communicated with the methane fermentation, to which the mash and biogas move counter. Camera acid, regression acid 3 and alkali fermentation 4 are provided mounted on their bottoms slats 17 reciprocate from moving cable 21, for example of the eccentric 22 and the elastic member 23, strips 17 are provided with flexible vertical threads 10 moving in the volume of chambers 2, 3 4 and, together with strips 17 that perform the function of mixing and immobilization of microorganisms for the decomposition of fats, proteins and organic matter ashless hydrocarbon substrate, which increases the completeness of disintegration to 90-95%. Cameras 2, 3 and 4 are formed with the overlap 6 and housing 5 overlap one forming chamber 26 for biogas, reducing heat loss to the environment and stability of the decomposition of organic bezzola.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to production of biogas and protein-vitamin supplement / BVD / animal and poultry waste products and can be used with on / management complexes.

Known digester, comprising a housing, fragmented in the fermentation residue and the seal chamber configured to supply and discharge pipes /V.YA environments. Janko, Janko YG. Treatment of waste water and sludge in digesters. Kyiv: 1978, p. 40, Fig. 8 / in which the methane content of the biogas is not more than 65 to 70%

Known digester, comprising a housing divided into acid chamber regression acid and alkaline fermentation overlay chambers and the housing spigots supply and discharge of media, with the camera provided with transverse filter belt of flexible filaments, and methane fermentation chamber is designed as a shaft divided by section, alternating solid and perforated transverse partitions, and methane fermentation chamber communicated biogas with cameras sour, acid and alkaline regression fermentation and mash with a collection by its alkaline fermentation chamber / US patent N 4022665, cl. C 02 F 11/04, 1977 /, in which the fullness of the collapse of the low ash-free organic matter of animal and poultry waste products does not exceed 50%

The purpose of the invention improving the completeness bezzola decay.

It is achieved by the cross-belt filters are made with moving cameras on the bottoms of reciprocating slats and flexible thread vertically.

Such an arrangement provides a distributed height immobilization of microorganisms camera, lodged on flexible filaments with simultaneous stirring of the substrate and the destruction of agglomerates. Adapted height and length of immobilization of microbial cells increases the fullness willed organic substrate decay.

digester digester

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of the digester, at the removed slabs; FIG. 2 section AA in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 sectional view BB in FIG. 1; FIG. Node 4 in Figure l. 3; FIG. 5 ll node in FIG. 3; FIG. 6 unit III in Fig. 3; FIG. 7 unit IV in Fig. 3; FIG. 8 a longitudinal section through the chamber of methane fermentation; FIG. 9 with stirring operation scheme; FIG. 10 and 11 - embodiments flexible filaments; FIG. 12 installation of biogas in the digester with BVD.

Digester comprises a housing 1 disposed on the chamber 2 acid 3 regression acid and 4 alkaline fermentation overlay 5 cameras and 6 of the housing, with the nozzles 7 for supplying and 8 and 9, removal of media, cameras 2, 3 and 4 are provided with transverse filter belt of flexible filaments 10 and the chamber 11 of the methane fermentation is executed in a shaft divided into sections 12 and 13 alternate with solid 14 and perforated 15 transverse partitions and the camera 11 methane fermentation communicated biogas cameras 2 acid, 3 regression acid and 4 alkaline fermentation, and by mash with a collection of 16 of the chamber 4 alkaline fermentation. Transverse belt filters of flexible threads 10 formed on the bottoms with moving cameras 2, 3 and 4, a reciprocating slats 17 and 10 vertically flexible filament. The verticality of the threads 10 is achieved by the use of floats or 18, or the selection of mother threads, for example carbon-fiber density is substantially less than the density of the substrate. To increase the immobilization surface flexible filaments reportedly hairiness or 19 or weaving 20. One embodiment reciprocating slats 17, cable 21, on the one hand communicated to the driving cam 22, and on the other with an elastic member 23. The chamber 11 is formed with the methane fermentation overflow pipes 24 and 12 located in the sections on the peripheral baffle 15 granular immobilization nozzle 25. between the chambers 5 overlap 2, 3 and 4 and overlap 6 of the housing 1 is placed biogas chamber 26, made from a water-sealed 27, tensioner 28 and the volume compensator 29 26. Set the camera to produce biogas and BVD includes sandbox 30, grating 31, a crusher 32, the dispersant 33, heat exchanger 34, biocultivator 35, centrifuge filter 36 and 37, 38 and 39 dizentegratory, biotenk 40, heat exchanger 41 and the tank 42 BVD.

INSTALLATION The digester for biogas BVD AND WORKS AS FOLLOWS

Products of animal waste and poultry gidrosplavom enter into the sandbox 30, from which, after dilution with water to a concentration of 1-5% is directed to the bars 31 for the release of the floating mists, which are crushed in a mill series 32 and disperser 33, and the possible introduction of additional carbon source / plant residues / with their grinding and milling. The substrate 34 is heated in a heat exchanger to 32-38 o C and sent for sequential digestion in acidic chambers 2, 3 and 4 the regression acid alkali fermentation in which stirring bars 17 consecutive decay occurs fat, protein and hydrocarbon components ashless organic substrate material. The increase contributes to the completeness of the collapse bezzola immobilization of microorganisms, lodged on flexible filaments 10, and to enhance the immobilization effect they made a pile woven or 19 20. When moving the rope 21 of the eccentric 22 from position D to position A there is a corresponding movement of the strips 17 and 10 with flexible strands deformation of the elastic member 23. When the cam 22 is moved from position A to position D Returns strips 17 and 10 of flexible filaments made resilient member 23 or another battery / hydraulic, pneumatic /. Under the action of bacteria in the chambers 2, 3 and 4 is formed mash, enriched with fatty acids, alcohols and other decomposition products ashless organic material substrate, which is taken from the collector 9 through the conduit 16 and directed to the section 12 of methane fermentation chamber 11. The bottom portion 13 of chamber 11 receives gas from the chambers 2, 3 and 4, selected through the conduit 8. The gases comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, are moved upwards and downwards mash. On perforated partitions 15 in the presence of granular immobilization nozzle 25 is synthesized from methane using carbon dioxide as a hydrogen catalyst, the decomposition of hydrogen sulfide occurs simultaneously to the organic sulfur, which is used as microelement power methanogens. To enhance the enzymatic decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen is added to the mash of the disintegrator disintegrator 38 by this process biogas yield is 1.3-1.5 kg per 1 kg of ashless organic material substrate. Chamber 11 formed in the methane fermentation of biogas comprising 95-98% methane, from the upper part enters the chamber 26 between the beams 5 and 6, which is formed by a sealed water seal 27, the gas acts as thermal insulation, simultaneously with the gas in the chambers 2, 3, 4 and 6 under the ceiling, which reduces heat flow in the heat exchanger 34 on the heat sinks. Substrate with suspended biomass of microorganisms enters filter centrifuge 36, the biomass is subjected to disintegration in disintegrator 38 to release, during the destruction of cells membranes, enzymes involved in the hydrolytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen used for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane. Separated from the microorganisms in a centrifuge 36 methane mash enters the biotenk 40, similar in construction chamber 11 methane fermentation, only air blowing is carried out with the cultivation of the biomass of aerobic microorganisms on nutrient elements methane mash. Aerobic biomass is separated in a centrifuge filter 37, the biomass is returned to the input biotenk 40, and excessive biomass enters the disintegrator 39, which together with the excess part undergoes anaerobic disintegration, followed by heating in a heat exchanger 41 to 90-95 o C and a capacity of 42 were transported to farm complex and used as BVD in an amount of 1% by weight of the feed, which reduces the consumption of feed on the usual 20-30% increases egg laying, milk production, weight gain 40% meat Given that feed costs account for about 70% of the total expenditure , development BVD reduces the cost of production of eggs, milk, meat, skins of animals, etc.

Using digester allows to bring the degree of collapse of the ash-free organic matter to 90-95% vs. 5-50% in the prior art. At the same time, biogas calorific corresponds to gasoline, and the translation of internal combustion engines from gasoline to biogas reduces fuel costs by tens of times, lubricant consumption is reduced by 15% of the life of the engine is increased by 50% and exhaust emissions reduced by 2 times.

CLAIM

Digester comprising a housing, communicated through pipes with a camera methane fermentation divided by acidic camera regression of acid and alkali Fermentation and collection of the mash, overlapping chambers and the housing inlet tubes and removal of media, the camera methane fermentation is executed in a shaft divided into sections transverse bulkheads, characterized in that the transverse partitions are alternately solid and perforated chamber provided with transverse filter belt of flexible filaments moving on the bottoms of chambers slats mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement, a flexible thread attached to the slats are made vertical, and methane fermentation chamber communicated biogas with cameras sour, acid and alkaline regression fermentation, and on mash with a collection of mash placed in a cell alkaline fermentation.

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Publication date 02.03.2007gg