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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2272919

AUTONOMOUS SOURCE OF ELECTRIC AND THERMAL ENERGY

The name of the inventor: Timiryazev Oleg Borisovich
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Company "NGO Inversion" (RU); Timiryazev Oleg Borisovich
Address for correspondence: 624740, Sverdlovsk Region, Nizhnyaya Salda, ul. Lomonosov, 29, PO Box 45
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.05.21

The invention relates to mobile autonomous sources of electrical and thermal energy. The device consists of an internal combustion engine (ICE) with a fuel supply line and a liquid cooling circuit with a heat exchanger, an exhaust port with a gas-liquid heat exchanger, an electric power generator and a frame, according to the invention, a gas-liquid heat exchanger is designed as a heat source with a combustion chamber and a gas ejector, Heat exchanger are connected to the consumer or intermediate heat exchanger. In the fuel supply lines in the internal combustion engine and the heat and steam generator, control and shut-off valves can be installed, and fuel for them can be shared. Before the nozzle of the gas ejector a cavity is formed, which is a receiver, and the nozzle itself plays the role of an igniter. The liquid cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine can be connected via an intermediate heat exchanger to the liquid circuit of the gas-liquid heat exchanger of the heat generator. The invention provides an expansion of functionality with a high degree of unification and an increase in efficiency by more fully utilizing the heat of exhaust gases and water vapor.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to heat and electric power, and more particularly to mobile autonomous sources of electrical and thermal energy, intended for heat and power supply of objects for various purposes, incl. In case of emergency situations (in farming, in the army and navy, etc.).

An apparatus based on an internal combustion engine (ICE) for producing electric and thermal energy is known in which an electric current generator is connected to a motor through a hydrodynamic torque converter assembly connected to a heat utilization system withdrawn by a working fluid of a torque converter and a motor coolant Federal Republic of Germany No. 2605932, prospect 14.02.76, publ.1981 g, F 02 B 63/04).

The disadvantages of the known device include low efficiency, associated with the loss of thermal energy of exhaust gases, significant restrictions in obtaining heat energy for the needs of heat supply and hot water supply, due to the power of the ICE used.

In part, these shortcomings are eliminated in a device for the joint generation of electricity and heat (US p. 422 6214, F 02 B 63/04, NCI 123-2, з. № 923272 dt. 10.07.78).

This device consists of an internal combustion engine with a fuel supply line and a liquid cooling circuit with a heat exchanger, an exhaust port with a gas-liquid heat exchanger, and an electric power generator and a frame.

Disadvantages of this device are limited possibilities in obtaining thermal energy for the needs of heat supply and hot water supply, low level of unification, a narrow field of application, insufficient use of water vapor and heat of ICE combustion products.

The task solved with the help of an autonomous source of electrical and thermal energy is the expansion of the functionality of the device with a high degree of unification and an increase in efficiency by making fuller use of the heat of the exhaust gases and water vapor contained in these gases.

The proposed independent source of electric and thermal energy consists of an internal combustion engine with a fuel supply line and a liquid cooling circuit with a heat exchanger, an exhaust pipe with a gas-liquid heat exchanger, an electric power generator and a frame. According to the invention, the gas-liquid heat exchanger is configured as a heat source with a combustion chamber and a gas ejector, the nozzle of which is communicated with the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine, and the liquid circuits of the gas-liquid heat exchanger are connected to the consumer or intermediate heat exchanger.

The fuel supply system to the internal combustion engine and the heat source can be common with the control-shut-off valves installed at the inlet.

In addition, the liquid cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine can be communicated via an intermediate heat exchanger with at least one fluid circuit of the gas-liquid heat exchanger of the heat source.

In addition, the cavity in front of the nozzle of the gas ejector can be made in the form of a receiver.

Taking into account the high temperature of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, the nozzle of the gas ejector can be the igniter of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the heat generator.

The scheme of the proposed device is shown in the drawing.

The autonomous source of electrical and thermal energy consists of an internal combustion engine 1 to which a generator of electrical energy 3 is connected to the shaft via a clutch 2. Fuel (for example, methane) enters the combustion engine 1 along the supply line 4 from which the second fuel supply line 5 leaves the heat generator 6. The internal combustion engine has a cooling liquid circuit 7 with a pump 8 and an intermediate heat exchanger 9, the other circuit of which is communicated with the jacket 10 of the gas-liquid heat exchanger of the heat generator 6. The feed water through the pump 11 is supplied to the heat exchanger 9. The heat source 6 has a combustible mixture preparation chamber 12, a vortex combustion chamber 13 with a jacket 10, a nozzle 14, a mixing chamber 15 with a jacket 16 of a gas-liquid heat exchanger, a heat transfer medium (water) into which is supplied by a pump 17 included in the heat exchange circuit 18 with heat exchangers 19 (consumers). The heat exchanger shirts 10 and 16 may be interconnected by a conduit with a valve 20. A nozzle 21 is provided behind the minimum cross-section of the nozzle 14 to supply the ejection working fluid (superheated water or steam) from the gas-liquid heat exchanger jacket 10 to the mixing chamber 15. Through the nozzles 22, the heat carrier T1 Comes to the consumer. A portion of the heat transfer agent from the heat exchanger 17 through the nozzles 23 can enter the mixing chamber towards the outlet. The condensed part of the mixture coolant T2 via the main line 24 from the consumer returns to the makeup main line before the pump 11. A nozzle of the gas ejector 26 is installed on the combustion bottom 25 coaxially with the vortex combustion chamber via the receiver 27, communicated with the exhaust pipe 28 of the internal combustion engine 1. In the fuel supply lines to the engine 1 And the heat-steam generator 6 are equipped with control-shut-off valves 29 and 30. The heat-carrier T1-31 consumer can receive it both with undissolved gas inclusions (CO 2 , N 2 ) and after separating the gas inclusions and venting them through the valve 32.

An autonomous source of electrical and thermal energy works as follows.

The heat exchanger circuits are pre-filled with circulating coolants.

The fuel (methane) flows through the supply line 4 through the control-shut-off valve 29 to the fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine 1. The engine 1 is started by a start electric motor or a gasoline start engine (not shown). After the ICE 1 is released to the nominal operating mode, the electric power generator 3 is connected to the motor shaft via the coupling 2 and begins to generate electrical energy, the main part of which is supplied to different consumers, and a certain amount of electricity is taken to drive the pumps 8, 11 and 17.

In the liquid cooling circuit 7, a coolant circulates through the pump 8, which removes heat from the engine 1 and in the intermediate heat exchanger 9 delivers it to the make-up water supplied via the pump 11 via the line 24 and, if necessary, from an external source. From the heat exchanger 9, the heated water enters the jacket 10 of the gas-liquid heat exchanger surrounding the vortex combustion chamber 13 and the nozzle 14 of the heat generator 6.

The heat source 6 can consume the same fuel as the combustion engine 1. Therefore, from the supply line 4, a second main 5 leaves, through which methane passes through the control-shut-off valve 30 into the preparation chamber of the fuel mixture 12, and then as a mixture with air coming from Ambient atmosphere or a blowing fan - into the vortex combustion chamber 13. The combustion chamber of the combustion engine 1 is supplied to the same chamber 13 through the exhaust pipe 28, the receiver 27 and the nozzle of the gas ejector 26. Having an output temperature of about 600 ° C, these gases ignite the gas-air mixture In the vortex combustion chamber 13 (for other types of fuel, a spark plug can be installed). The combustion products of the ICE 1, via the nozzle of the gas ejector 26, create favorable conditions for the operation of the vortex combustion chamber 13 and the combustible mixture preparation chamber 12, allowing the low pressure mixture to be sucked from the chamber 12, which under most operating conditions excludes the use of fans and compressors for air supply and Obtaining a combustible mixture for the organization of the combustion process.

The combustion products formed in the vortex combustion chamber 13 are ejected by the combustion products of the combustion engine 1 coming through the nozzle 26 and discharged through the nozzle 14 to the mixing chamber 15 along with the ejection working medium (exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine).

A portion of the superheated water (or steam) produced in the jacket 10 flows through the nozzles 21 to the mixing chamber 15, creating an ejecting flow for the mixture of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine and the combustion products from the vortex combustion chamber 13. Another part of the superheated water or steam from the jacket 10 can be diverted To the consumer. Another portion of the superheated water can flow through the valve 20 to the heat exchange circuit 18 with the pump 17 and the jacket 16. Heat energy consumers-heat exchangers 19 are located in the same circuit. A portion of the heated water from the jacket 16 through the nozzles 23 in the form of an ejecting stream enters the mixing chamber , Completing the process of obtaining the mixed heat carrier T1 with the characteristics required by the consumers through the nozzles 22 to consumers 31. The heat transfer medium consists of water, water vapor and undissolved gases. On the way to the consumer 31, it can be freed from undissolved gases, for example in a vortex separator (not shown), and gases are discharged through the valve 32 into the environment.

The condensed heat carrier T2 (water) flows via line 24 to the inlet of pump 11.

Since there is a lot of water in the combustion products of the ICE 1 and the vortex combustion chamber 13, after condensation and heat release to the consumers, it enters the make-up line, in most cases of operation, excluding the use of make-up water from external sources. The communication of the working cavities of the ICE cylinders 1 through the exhaust port 28 with the vortex combustion chamber 13, in the axial zone of which a reduced pressure is maintained, supported by the ejecting nozzles 21 and 23, provides for the emptying of the working cavities of the internal combustion engine from the combustion products, .

By means of the control-shut-off valve 30, it is possible to set the current fuel consumption level and, consequently, the level of generation of heat energy.

By regulating the flow of water using pumps and valves (in particular, valve 20), the level of coolant temperatures required by the consumer can be obtained.

The claimed device without stop and changeover allows the consumer to receive simultaneously or separately those or other resources that are necessary for him at a given time (electricity, hot water, steam, hot water for heating, a mixture coolant).

The modular design of the device will allow to separately operate the ICE 1 with the generator of electric energy 3 and the heat-steam generator 6. In particular, the heat-steam generator can be used for disinfection of tanks and rooms, cleaning of railways and roads and as a source of hot water and coolant.

CLAIM

1. An autonomous electric and thermal energy source consisting of an internal combustion engine with a fuel supply line and a liquid cooling circuit with a heat exchanger, an outlet pipe with a gas-liquid heat exchanger, an electric power generator and a frame, characterized in that the gas-liquid heat exchanger is in the form of a heat generator with a combustion chamber And a gas ejector, the nozzle of which is communicated with the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine, and the liquid circuits of the gas-liquid heat exchanger are connected to the consumer or an intermediate heat exchanger.

2. An autonomous electric and heat energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel supply line to the internal combustion engine is communicated with the fuel supply line to the heat source.

3. An autonomous source of electric and thermal energy according to claim 2, characterized in that in the fuel supply lines to the internal combustion engine and the heat-steam generator there are regulating and shut-off valves.

4. An autonomous electric and heat energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine through the intermediate heat exchanger is in fluid communication with the heat exchanger heat exchanger fluid circuit.

5. An autonomous electric and thermal energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity in front of the nozzle of the gas ejector is a receiver.

6. An autonomous electric and thermal energy source according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle of the gas ejector is an igniter.

print version
Date of publication 30.01.2007gg

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