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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2236114
HYDROGRAMS
The name of the inventor: Rybkin Anatoly Petrovich
The name of the patent holder: Rybkin Anatoly Petrovich
Address for correspondence: 192283 , St. Petersburg, ul. Yaraslava Gasheka, 7, building 1, ap. 643, V.P. Kazakov
The effective date of the patent: 2002.04.22
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to agrotechnical devices for heating water used for growing seedlings and plants in greenhouses, greenhouses and greenhouses for small-scale production, but also in horticulture and gardening, and in household plots. In the water heater, the property of water as a solar thermal energy accumulator is used with the help of a suspended structure made of an elastic waterproof material, for example, a container of transparent polyethylene film "sleeves" sealed from the ends. At the same time, a closed bag in the form of a "pillow" is formed. A supporting rod or pipe is inserted into the cut off upper corners of the container. Capacity is suspended on a rod or pipe, which with the help of a suspension is fixed on the ridge beam under the roof of the hotbed. One side of the container, facing the south side, or all sides of the container, is darkened or darkened. The end of a flexible hose with a sink is lowered into the polyethylene container. The hose at the outlet of the tank is fixed to the support bar. The other end of the hose is lowered and connected to the valve below the tank level. The water in the tank intensively absorbs the infrared component, removes the overheating of the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse, and at the end of the day, when the intensity of solar radiation falls, begins to give heat to the surrounding space and slows down the temperature drop in the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
(EN) The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to agrotechnical devices for heating water used for growing seedlings and plants in greenhouses, greenhouses and greenhouses for small-scale production, and in horticulture and truck farming, and in household plots.
In the conditions of the northern summer of the Non-Black Earth Region of Russia, and in other countries of this geographical zone, farmers, gardeners and truck farmers who use traditional agricultural techniques in the cultivation of crops clearly do not use solar energy to heat water, necessary for watering plants and for others Household needs, arising during the conduct of agricultural work. The use of traditional agrotechnical techniques for heating water, such as the exposure of vessels and vessels to the sun, the placement of such containers and vessels in greenhouses and greenhouses, and in open spaces where water during the period of maximum solar activity can be heated to 25-35 degrees Celsius, Does not solve the problem of full and rational use of solar heat for heating water in large tanks or for heating a large volume of consumed warm and hot water for irrigation, in conditions of intensive plant growth or harvesting. But these known devices for collecting, storing and heating water have a number of disadvantages, because Containers and vessels occupy part of the useful crop area in the greenhouse or greenhouse, the sunny side changes during the day, and the movement of these containers and vessels is quite hard work, and when watering it is necessary to bail out water manually, so this is a fairly laborious and difficult occupation for a woman Or an elderly person.
Capacities of large volume are quite expensive and impenetrable for sun rays, and therefore cast a strong shadow on the plants, and their installation in greenhouses, greenhouses and greenhouses is reflected in the light placement of plants, which reduces the yield of crops and leads to the loss of production space.
The aim of the invention is to rationally accumulate solar energy for heating water, reduce the cost of manufacturing and operating a water heater, and to avoid shading of seedlings or plants under conditions of greenhouse, greenhouse and greenhouse management, use in excess of warm and hot water. This is one of the problems, both rationally, at minimal cost, to accumulate and use free solar energy for heating the water necessary for watering plants, and for household needs, such as washing dishes, washing and showering is solved using the proposed invention.
The essence of the invention is the use of water as a solar energy accumulator, using a simple hanging structure made of an elastic waterproof material, for example a transparent polyethylene film of "sleeve", sealed from the ends. At the same time, a closed bag in the form of a "pillow" is formed. In the cut-off upper corners of the "bag-pillow" a support rod or pipe is inserted. The "bag-pillow" is suspended on a rod or pipe, which, using suspension, is fixed on the ridge beam under the roof of the hotbed in the upper hot zone or simply fixed in any other isolated space that acts as a "solar trap" near the objects of irrigation or economic use of water. One side of the container facing the south side or all sides of the container, depending on where it is installed, is darkened or darkened.
In the polyethylene tank formed in this way, the end of the flexible hose with the sink is lowered. The hose at the outlet of the polyethylene tank is fixed to the support bar. The other end of the hose comes down and connects to the valve or is clamped, or pinched by some other device, below the level of the container.
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1, 2, 3 and 4, the following notations are given. 1. Polyethylene container 2. The bar 3. Suspension bracket 4. The ridge beam 5. Hose 6. The valve 7. Sinker 8. The retainer 9. The pump 10. The atomizer 11. Polyethylene sleeve 12. Welded seam 13. Cutting line |
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Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show variants of the Rybkin water-heating device, where the polyethylene container (item 1), when filled with water, takes the form of a "cushion package" or a pear-shaped shape (FIG. 3) if the cut corners are not fixed on the rod , Then it is simply hung on the rod (pos.2 in Fig. 2) using elastic garters (pos.3 of Fig. 2) to the ridge beam (pos.4 of Fig. 3) of the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse. The elastic hose (pos. 5) is lowered to the container (pos. 1) with one end and the weight (pos. 7), and the other end of the hose (pos.5) is lowered down and ends with a valve (pos.6) or any other locking device. The pump with the hose (pos. 9 in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) is located in a location accessible to both personnel and hose.
The proposed device works as follows. A manual or mechanical pump hose is connected to the lower end of the valve (pos.6) (pos. 9). Then the valve (pos.6) opens and starts the pump (pos. 9). After filling the polyethylene container (pos.1), up to the preset level, which begins to resemble the "cushion", the valve (pos.6) closes and the pump disconnects (pos. 9). After warming up the water to the required condition, a watering hose is connected to the lower end of the valve (pos.6), the valve (pos.6) opens and the water flows into the sprinkler by gravity. Water is poured into the vessel through this hose (pos.5 in Figures 1, 2 and 3). In the opposite direction through it, water descends when watering or when taking a shower. An important condition for the operation of this system is the constant presence of water in the interval from the top of the hose to the valve. This is the condition for the siphon to function normally. It is possible to fill and drain water from the bottom of the tank, but in this case it is more difficult to prevent water from flowing from the hose and tank attachment point or from two independent hoses (pos.5 in Figures 2 and 3). One for pumping water (pos.5 in Figures 2 and 3), another hose (pos.5 in Figs. 2 and 3) for drawing water from a polyethylene container (1 of Figures 2 and 3) for agrotechnical and domestic needs.
Water in the polyethylene container (1 in Fig. 1, 2 and 3) can be pumped from both manual and mechanical pumps (pos. 9 in Figures 1, 2 and 3).
In view of the high transparency of the polyethylene film, the proposed capacity, in the filled form, does not create a shadow, since it weakly absorbs the visible part of the spectrum. On a sunny day, the air temperature in the upper part of the hotbed rises to 40-50 degrees Celsius. Water in a polyethylene tank suspended in this zone intensively absorbs the infrared component, removes overheating of the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse, and at the end of the day, when the intensity of solar radiation falls, begins to give heat to the surrounding space and slows down the temperature drop in the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse , I.e. Serves as a solar energy accumulator, removing sharp temperature changes inside the greenhouse, greenhouse or greenhouse during the day.
When using the proposed design only for the shower or domestic purposes, for example for washing dishes, it is possible to increase the temperature of the water used by increasing the absorption coefficient of the walls of the polyethylene container (1 in Figures 2, 3 and 4) by painting one of the walls of the container, Facing the south side, into a dark color.
As an example of manufacturing a hot water tank by an industrial method, it is shown in FIG. 4, where a hot water tank is prepared from the film strip (pos. 11) by cross-sectional heat welding with cut corners (13).
The proposed device was made of a polyethylene film "sleeve" (pos. 11, 12 and 13 in Fig. 4) with a thickness of 120 microns per volume of 200 liters of water and was operated in the suburban area located in the Leningrad region during the whole summer season of 2001 and showed Its effectiveness: low production and operation costs, and a reduction in labor costs in irrigation, with an increase in the yield of agricultural crops watered with warm water. With the use of Rybkin's water heater, the issue of providing hot water for sanitary and hygienic life was fully resolved, which, in conditions of agricultural work, significantly increased the comfort of work and living.
CLAIM
A water heater containing a container that is made in the form of a "cushion" made from a polyethylene sleeve welded at the ends, the sleeve is made of a transparent polyethylene film, and the suspension of the container is made in the form of a bar, passed in the upper corners of the container, the water intake from the watering can is performed according to the siphon principle Using a hose, characterized in that the "cushion" is fastened with string garters to the ceiling supports of the greenhouse or hotbed, and the end of the hose is lowered into the water tank, held at the lower point by a sinker, the upper point of the hose is tied to the rod, and the second end of the hose is lowered down and connected With a valve or shut-off device.
print version
Date of publication 25.03.2007gg
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