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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2079782
HEAT
Name of the inventor: Vinokourov VL .; Ismagilov Z.R .; Sazonov VA .; Klimov AM .; Weber YP .; Homlyansky AB .; Lidzhiev SH.L.
The name of the patentee: Novosibirsk State Design and Research Institute on environmental issues "EkoNIIproekt"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1994.01.20
Usage: the invention relates to a power system. The inventive heat source can improve combustion efficiency by the flameless combustion of fuel on the surface of the catalyst is in a fluidized state. The heat generator comprises a housing 1 with fuel supply nozzles 6, air 3 and water 10 and hot water outlet 11, and flue gases 14. The bottom of the body 1 is placed the gas distribution slit grating structure 5, on which are successively arranged a burner device, and the volume nonisothermal nozzle section heat removal heat exchanger consists of a tubular nozzle 8. Nonisothermal 9 consists of 5 - 7 layers of wire mesh with a mesh size providing the required heat removal.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a power system and can be used in the system of heating and burning the fuel for heating the working bodies where the burning of fuels in the fluidized bed occurs.
Known heat-generator [1] comprising a combustion chamber for afterburning catalytic element of nitrogen oxides in the flue gases, a duct, a mixing chamber, a heat exchanger and a catalytic reduction of oxides of nitrogen cassette. In such devices, the low efficiency of fuel combustion.
The closest to the claimed device on the number of essential features is similar device [2] in which fuel combustion occurs in a fluidized bed. The heat exchanger consists of a housing with connections for supplying fuel, water and air and discharge of hot water and the combustion products inside the enclosure situated distributing grille headers, inert nozzle (intermediate solid heat medium) and the tubular heat sink, the coil, the coil is formed with a gap between coils and has a rotary drive. As an inert packing used sand, dolomite, fireclay and baby t. P. Which leads to conduct fuel combustion at high temperature level, determined by the rate of burning on the surface of the solid particles of inert material, besides a high level of temperature should be strictly maintained, as the temperature lowering the combustion process becomes unstable. At such temperature combustion mode is not eliminated the formation of oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide.
The closest to the described a heat generator [3], comprising a housing having fuel supply nozzles, air and water, and the flue gases and hot water, which has an intermediate heat transfer fluid formed granules oxidation catalyst, and a tubular heat sink located above the gas distribution grid and between the latter is non-isothermal heat sink and attachment.
The claimed heat source to improve the efficiency of fuel combustion. The heat source consists of a body with the fuel feed nozzles, air and water, drainage, hot water and flue gases, in which over the gas distribution grid placed in between the solid heat carrier and tube heat sink, at the same time as an intermediate coolant used pellet catalyst for oxidation, and between the gas distribution grid and heat sink is non-isothermal bulk head. The presence of the latter helps to regulate the combustion temperature and the stability of combustion process in dependence on the size of the catalyst particles, the temperature set for the heat removal zone, the load and the size of the reactor, the presence of a catalyst leads to reburning the partial combustion products, leading to an increase in combustion efficiency, reduced content of unburnt products in the flue gases.
Nonisothermal nozzle 5 is o C7 horizontal layers of metal grids with different bandwidths depending on the desired temperature in the heat exchange zone. fuel supply pipe is located above the gas distribution grid.
In the disclosed device flameless combustion of the fuel occurs on the surface of the catalyst granules being in a fluidised condition. The combustion process occurs at relatively low temperatures (650 -750 o C) and is rather full, i.e. there is no formation of carbon monoxide and carcinogenic hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides as well. the combustion efficiency is achieved, and by optimizing the combustion conditions by varying the number of sections in a non-isothermal nozzle and selection of sections with specific mesh sizes. Volumetric nonisothermal nozzle regulates flow of catalyst particles from the combustion zone to the heat removal zone and thereby divides the catalyst bed into two isothermal zones: a lower temperature required for complete combustion and a top with temperature for heat removal. When using the invention as claimed is transferred to the heated working fluid over 70% of the heat of reaction.
The use of catalysts can reduce the temperature level of the combustion process and consistently implement it at temperatures of 600 750 o C.
Significantly reduces the requirements for the thermomechanical properties of the material of a reactor.
The drawing shows a heat source.
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The heat generator comprises a vertical housing 1, which houses the air inlet section, combustion, heat removal and settling chamber. air supply section is a receiving chamber with a nozzle 2 for supplying combustion air 3. Section 4 is separated from the fuel air inlet section 5 of the gas distribution grid having a slit structure. the combustion section is equipped with a pipe for supplying fuel burner device 6 and 7. The heat removal section consists of a two-chamber tube heat exchanger 8 and the volume of non-isothermal nozzle 9 placed under the heat exchanger along the flue gas. Non-isothermal nozzle is the volume of construction wire mesh with a mesh size that provides the necessary heat removal, one above the other. The wire diameter of 3 mm. The heat removal section with openings 10 and 11 for the cold water inlet and a hot outlet. Settling chamber 12, located at the top of the heat generator has a nozzle 13 for filling the catalyst and the exit pipe 14 for waste flue gases. The catalyst is a solid spherical pellets 15 that act as an intermediate fluid. The heat source is as follows. Air is fed through the conduit 3 into the air inlet section, passes through the gas distribution grid in the combustion section 5, through conduit 6 which is fed fuel which is sprayed burner device 7. |
The fluidized bed of catalyst pellets produced by weighing 15 ascending air flow and the combustion products.
At the bottom of the fluidized bed catalyst is intense heat by combustion.
Heat transfer adjustment is carried out more than 80% of the thermal conductivity of the catalyst fluidized bed. Next, the hot flue gases and pass through a portion of the catalyst nozzle 8 non-isothermal dividing the working volume into two zones: a lower temperature 650 750 o C and a top gas during the temperature determined by the heat removal conditions.
Flue gases through a settling chamber 12 out of the heat source and the catalyst granules entrained gas stream back into the working volume.
Heat is removed from the heat source occurs through the tubular heat exchanger 8, immersed in the fluidized catalyst bed. Water is supplied to the heat exchanger through conduit 10 and through conduit 11 the heated water is supplied to the consumer.
CLAIM
Heat generator comprising a body with fuel supply pipes, water and air and flue gases and hot water, which are placed in between the coolant, formed by granules of an oxidation catalyst, and a tubular heat sink located above the gas distribution grid, and is non-isothermal nozzle between the gas distribution grid and the heat sink, characterized in that the nozzle is made of a non-isothermal May 7 horizontal metal mesh layers.
print version
Publication date 20.03.2007gg
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