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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2272221

AUTONOMOUS HEAT SUPPLY AND HOT WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
WITH NATURAL CIRCULATION OF THE HEATER AND WATER HEATING METHOD

The name of the inventor: Rudin Mikhail Fedorovich
The name of the patentee: Rudin Mikhail Fedorovich
Address for correspondence: 454091, Chelyabinsk, ul. Labor, 157, office 28-4, pat. N.K. Violin, registration number 726
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.08.20

The inventions relate to water heating systems and can be used in autonomous heating and hot water supply systems. The technical result: increasing the stability of the circulation of heating water, increasing the stability of the operation of the system in the event of an emergency cessation of water from the water pipe, preventing the boiling of hot water in the main riser, intensifying the mixing of cold and hot water in the expansion tank, and simplifying the operation of the system for multi-storey buildings. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of heat-transfer medium, combined with hot water supply, contains a heat generator, expansion tank, which is used both as a capacitive heater and a hot water tank with a float valve for automatically maintaining the water level in it and a control overflow nozzle, Connecting the upper point of the water jacket of the heat generator with the bottom of the expansion tank, the supply pipe connecting the lower part of the side walls of the expansion tank with the risers of the heat supply and the risers of the hot water supply, the heaters connected to the heat supply pipes, shower screens and hot water taps connected to the hot water risers , Heat supply pipes and hot water supply pipes are connected at the bottom points with a return pipeline that is connected to the lower point of the water jacket of the heat generator and forms a single coolant circulation circuit, the heat supply pipes and hot water supply risers at the top and bottom points have shutdown valves. The expansion tank-heat accumulator is made in the form of a vertically installed cylinder and is equipped with a tangential branch pipe for supplying cold water installed in the upper part of the tank and a tangential branch pipe for the removal of hot water installed in its lower part. The supply and return pipelines are made in the form of rectangular loopers and are connected respectively to the expansion tank-heat accumulator and to the heat generator in the geometric centers of the rectangular loopbacks through the T-shaped pipelines, each hot water supply pipe connected to the supply pipe of the upper piping through the intermediate tank-heat accumulator, the bottom Which is located above the supply pipeline at the outlet of it from the expansion tank-heat accumulator by not less than 100 mm. The sensor for automatic maintenance of the set temperature of hot water, supplied for heating and hot water supply, is installed at the outlet of the expansion tank. And a method for heating water in a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with a natural circulation of the coolant is described.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The inventions relate to water heating systems and can be used in autonomous heating and hot water supply systems.

A water heat supply system is known, which includes the supply and return lines, the supply and return pipelines of the heating system, the pipelines of cold and hot water, and the water is taken from the heating system for hot water supply (see Livchak IO, 1982, p.130, Fig.111.2-3).

The disadvantage of the known analogue is the low efficiency of the operation of the heating devices.

A system of water heating with natural circulation for multi-storey buildings is known. USSR № 1638480, published on 30.03.1991.

The system with natural circulation contains a heat generator, heating devices, connected with it supply and return pipelines with the formation of a coolant circuit. In order to increase the driving head, increase the reliability of the circulation for multi-storey buildings, the system is equipped with a condenser-heat exchanger installed along the cooling line at the supply and, on the heating line, on the return pipeline, where the condenser-heat exchanger is located above the heat generator.

The drawbacks of the well-known water heating system with natural circulation are:

- lack of a solution for hot water supply;

- instability of the circulation of heating water;

- instability of the system operation in case of emergency cessation of water supply from the water supply system;

- absence in the scheme of burners, providing energy saving;

- The complexity of the system for multi-storey buildings.

A heating system with natural coolant circulation and hot water supply is known according to RU 2123155, MKI 6: F 24 D 3/08, published on 10.12.98, selected by the applicant as a prototype of the device and method.

The known system is designed for autonomous heating and hot water supply of buildings. The system is equipped with automatic pre-heating of the expansion tank with preheated water, with a small one-time expenditure of hot water (morning toilet, dishwashing, etc.), which is carried out by connecting the expansion vessel float valve to the outlet pipe of the preheating coil of the cold water of the heat generator. Simultaneous feeding of the entire system with preheated water is carried out simultaneously with a large one-time expenditure of hot water (bath, shower, etc.), which makes it possible to use the entire system as a hot water battery, eliminates drawbacks when the system is fed with cold water.

The prototype has the following drawbacks, namely:

- instability of the circulation of heating water;

- instability of the system operation in case of emergency cessation of water supply from the water supply system;

- the possibility of boiling hot water in the main riser;

- absence in the scheme of an element of intensification of mixing of cold and hot water in the expansion tank;

- The complexity of the system for multi-storey buildings.

The technical result of the inventions is directed to the elimination of the above mentioned drawbacks of the analogs and the prototype and is achieved by the following solutions.

In the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation combined with hot water supply, containing heat generator, expansion tank, which is used both as a capacitive heater and a hot water tank with a float valve for automatically maintaining the water level in it and a control overflow nozzle, the main A riser connecting the upper point of the water jacket of the heat generator to the bottom of the expansion tank, a supply line connecting the lower part of the side walls of the expansion tank with the heat supply pipes and hot water risers, the heaters connected to the heat supply pipes, shower screens and hot water taps connected to the risers of the hot Water supply, heat supply pipes and hot water supply pipes are connected at the bottom points with a return pipeline that is connected to the lower point of the water jacket of the heat generator and forms a single coolant circulation circuit, heat supply pipes and hot water supply risers at the top and bottom points have shutdown valves, The tank-heat accumulator is made in the form of a vertically installed cylinder and is equipped with a tangential branch pipe for supplying cold water installed in the upper part of the tank and a tangential branch pipe for the removal of hot water installed in its lower part, the supply and return pipelines are made in the form of rectangular loopers and connected respectively to the expansion Tank-heat accumulator and with a heat generator in geometric centers of rectangular loopbacks through T-shaped pipelines, each hot water supply riser is connected to the supply pipe of the upper piping through the intermediate tank-heat accumulator, the bottom of which is located above the supply pipeline at its outlet from the expansion tank-heat accumulator no less than The sensor of automatic maintenance of the set temperature of hot water supplied for heat supply and hot water supply is installed at the outlet of the expansion tank.

In addition, in the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the coolant, the diameter of the main riser is assumed to be minimal in accordance with the design standards, providing a water movement speed in it from 1.0 to 1.2 m / s.

At the same time, in the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the coolant, the diameters of the heat supply risers are assumed to be the maximum according to the design standards ensuring a water velocity of up to 0.5 m / s.

In the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the coolant, a circulating pump is installed in the heat source at the coolant inlet.

In addition, the expansion tank-heat accumulator is equipped with a pipeline of parallel cold water supply directly to the main riser according to the pipe-in-pipe scheme, with the inner supply pipeline being perforated and its end caped by a conical plug.

In the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the heat carrier, a steam-water boiler with a circulation frequency of 50 to 500 is used as a heat generator.

The heat generator can be equipped with gas burners without forced air supply.

In addition, thermostats of room temperature regulation can be installed on the heating devices.

In the method of heating water in a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with a natural circulation of the coolant, including the supply of tap water into the system, heating the water in the heat generator to the boiling point, supply of hot water through the main riser to the expansion tank-heat accumulator, supply of hot water from the expansion tank Through the supply pipe to the heaters, hot water faucets and shower grids, the return of the cooled water to the heat generator from the risers along the return line, according to the invention, the supply to the tap water system in the expansion tank-heat accumulator is tangential at the top of the expansion tank, and the hot water outlet from Of the expansion tank to the supply pipe of the upper piping is made tangentially at the bottom of the expansion tank, the speed of the hot water in the main riser is ensured in the range from 1.0 to 1.2 m / sec due to the reduction in the diameter of the pipeline, , Than it is customary in accordance with the design standards for the operation of thermostat controllers of heating devices due to the increase in the diameter of the pipelines, ensuring a water velocity of not more than 0.5 m / sec, the supply of hot water to the heating devices, shower screens and water taps and the return of the cooled water to the heat generator Pipelines made in the form of rectangular loopers connected respectively to the expansion tank and heat generator in the geometric centers of the rectangular loopbacks through the T-shaped pipelines, the hot water supply from the supply pipe of the upper pipe distribution to the hot water supply risers is carried out through intermediate storage tanks, the bottoms of which are located above The supply pipeline at the outlet of it from the expansion tank-heat accumulator is not less than 100 mm, in addition to the natural circulation of the coolant, it is forced to circulate it due to the circulation pump creating an additional pressure of the heating water, in addition to the supply of water from the water pipe to the expansion tank-heat accumulator The water is supplied directly to the main riser according to the pipe in the pipe.

In addition, in the method for heating water in a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with a natural circulation of the heat carrier, water heating is carried out in a steam-hot-water boiler with a circulation rate of 50 to 500 to the boiling point.

The essence of the claimed technical solutions is illustrated by the drawings depicted in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. FIG.

FIG. 1 shows a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation. FIG. 2 is a view along arrow A in FIG. 1. FIG.

The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the heat-transfer medium contains the heat generator 1, the expansion tank-heat accumulator 2, made in the form of a vertically installed cylinder, the main riser 3.

Expansion tank 2 is equipped with a float valve 4, which regulates the water level in it, and a control overflow pipe 7.

On top of the storage tank 2 cold water supply from the water supply pipeline 5 is connected. The pipeline 5 is connected via a tee to the valve 6, the outlet branch of which is located tangentially relative to the expansion tank 2. A branch pipe 13 is inserted into the pipeline 5, the end of which is perforated, muffled and placed inside the main Of the riser 3. A branch pipe 14 is connected tangentially to the bottom of the heat storage tank 2, which connects the tank 2 to the feed pipe 15 of the upper pipe wiring made in the form of a rectangular loop through a T-shaped pipe 16 attached to the pipe 15 in its geometric center. The supply pipes 15 of the upper piping are connected to the heat supply pipes 17 with the heating devices 18, the supply pipes of which are provided with thermostats 20. The hot water supply stand 21, equipped with water-pumping water taps and showers 22, is connected to the supply water pipe 15 through intermediate heat storage tanks 23, Which are located above the nozzle 14 not less than 100 mm. The risers 17 and 21 are connected in the lower part to the return pipe 24 of the lower piping. The return conduit 24, as well as the supply conduit 15, is formed as a rectangular loop and is connected to the lower part of the heating jacket of the heat generator 1 by a T-shaped conduit 25 connected to the conduit 24 in its geometric center. The system is equipped with a circulation pump 27, a burner 28. The system is equipped with a hot water temperature sensor 29 at its outlet from the expansion tank 2 located on the branch pipe 14.

The proposed system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of the coolant works as follows.

Filling the system with water is carried out through the supply of cold water from the water pipe line 5. In this case, the water level in the tank 2 is regulated by the float valve 7. The system is fed with cold water during its operation through the valve 6, the outlet pipe of which is tangential to the expansion tank 2, and Through the branch pipe 13, the end of which is perforated, muffled and placed inside the main riser 3, which prevents steam from escaping into the expansion tank 2 from the riser 3.

During operation of the heat generator 1, the water heated to the boiling point under the action of the difference in the weights of the water columns in the return risers 17 and 21 and the main riser 3 from the heat generator 1 along the main riser 3 enters the expansion tank 2. Here, the heating water is mixed with the cold water entering From the water pipe, heats it to the temperature adopted for hot water supply. The water heated in the tank 2 is fed through a pipe 14 located at a lower point of the heat storage tank 2 tangentially to it and enters the supply pipe 15 of the upper pipe wiring.

Tangential entry into the expansion tank of cold water and tangential withdrawal of hot water from it ensure the rotational movement of water in the tank, which contributes to the intensive mixing of the heating water coming from the heat generator 1 and the cold water coming from the water pipe.

On the supply pipe 15 of the upper piping, the hot water flows to the risers 17 of the heat supply and the heating devices 18, and to the hot water supply pipes 21 and along them to the pumping water taps and shower screens 22, while hot water to the risers 21 is fed through the intermediate tank- Heat accumulators 23, the bottoms of which are located not more than 100 mm above the branch pipe 14. This ensures the operation of the heating devices in the event of an emergency shutdown of the tap water, since first of all hot water will not flow into the risers of the 21 hot water supply. In the risers 17 and 21, radiators 18, hot water gives away some of its heat, and through the water taps and shower screens 22 is partially disassembled for hot water. The cooled water from the risers 17 and 21 through the return pipe 24 of the lower piping is returned to the heat source 1, completing the circulation circuit. The circulation pump 27 increases the stability of the coolant circulation during the transient conditions.

At the end of the heating season, the risers 17 of the heat supply from above and from below are overlapped by valves, and the hot heat supply pipes 21 continue to function.

The proposed system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation is applicable for multi-storey buildings, for example, 10-storey buildings and even higher, as the driving head of natural circulation increases proportionally with increasing building height.

The driving pressure of the natural circulation of the proposed system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply, taking into account the heating of the water in the steam-hot water boiler to the boiling point due to the formation of the steam-water mixture, may even be excessive to ensure a reliable circulation of the heat carrier, as a result of which the circulation pump will idle, practically not consuming electricity, But with transient regimes to increase the stability of circulation, the pump can be useful.

The use of the system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply for multi-storey buildings in the form of an annex allows one to have a chimney of great height and, therefore, with a large self-sufficient for evacuation of combustion products and application in a heat generator of burners without forced combustion air supply, .

Taking into account the savings in power consumption on the circulation pump and on the drive of the blower fan of the heat generator burners, it can be asserted that the proposed system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply is very economical.

CLAIM

1. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural circulation of heat-transfer medium, combined with hot water supply, containing a heat generator, expansion tank, which is used both as a capacitive heater and a hot water tank with a float valve for automatically maintaining the water level in it and a control overflow pipe, The main riser connecting the upper point of the water jacket of the heat generator with the bottom of the expansion tank, the supply pipe connecting the lower part of the side walls of the expansion tank with the risers of the heat supply and the risers of the hot water supply, the heaters connected to the heat supply pipes, shower screens and hot water taps connected to the risers Hot water supply pipes, heat supply pipes and hot water supply pipes are connected at the bottom points with a return pipeline that is connected to the bottom point of the water jacket of the heat generator and forms a single coolant circulation circuit, heat supply pipes and hot water supply risers at the top and bottom points have shutdown valves, , That the expansion tank-heat accumulator is made in the form of a vertically installed cylinder and is equipped with a tangential branch pipe for supplying cold water installed in the upper part of the tank and a tangential branch pipe for the removal of hot water installed in its lower part, the supply and return pipelines are made in the form of rectangular loopers and connected Respectively with the expansion tank-heat accumulator and with the heat generator in the geometric centers of the rectangular loopbacks through the T-shaped pipelines, each hot water supply pipe is connected to the supply pipe of the upper pipe distribution through the intermediate tank-heat accumulator, the bottom of which is located above the supply pipeline at its outlet from the expansion tank- Of the heat accumulator by at least 100 mm, the sensor for automatic maintenance of the set temperature of hot water supplied for heating and hot water supply is installed at the outlet of their expansion tank.

2. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the main riser is assumed to be minimal according to the design standards, providing a water velocity in it from 1.0 to 1.2 m / s.

3. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameters of the heat supply risers are assumed to be the maximum according to the design norms, providing a water speed of up to 0.5 m / s.

4. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that a circulating pump is installed at the coolant inlet to the heat generator.

5. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the expansion tank-heat accumulator is provided with a pipeline of parallel cold water supply directly to the main riser according to the pipe-in-pipe scheme, with the inner supply pipeline being perforated, and Its end is drowned by a cone-shaped plug.

6. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that a steam-water boiler with a circulation frequency of 50 to 500 is used as a heat generator.

7. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat generator is equipped with gas burners without forced air supply.

8. The system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with natural coolant circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that the heaters have temperature controllers for room temperature regulation of air.

9. A method of heating water in a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with a natural circulation of the coolant, including the supply of tap water into the system, heating the water in the heat generator to the boiling point, supply of hot water through the main riser to the expansion tank-heat accumulator, supply of hot water from the expansion tank Tank through the supply line to the heating devices, hot water supply faucets and shower grids, return of the cooled water to the heat generator from the risers along the return line, characterized in that the supply of tap water to the expansion tank-heat accumulator is tangential at the top of the expansion tank, and the tap Hot water from the expansion tank to the supply pipe of the upper piping is tangential in the lower part of the expansion tank, the speed of the hot water in the main riser is in the range from 1.0 to 1.2 m / s due to the reduction in the diameter of the pipeline, the flow through the risers Heat supply is greater than the design standards for the operation of thermostatic controllers of heating devices, due to the increase in the diameter of the pipelines, ensuring a water velocity of not more than 0.5 m / s, the supply of hot water to heating appliances, shower screens, water taps and the return of chilled water In the heat generator is carried out through pipelines made in the form of rectangular rings, connected respectively to the expansion tank and heat generator in the geometric centers of the rectangular loop through the T-shaped pipelines, the hot water supply from the supply pipe of the upper pipe wiring to the hot water supply pipes is carried out through intermediate storage tanks, The bottoms of which are located above the supply pipeline at the outlet of it from the expansion tank-heat accumulator by not less than 100 mm, in addition to the natural circulation of the coolant, it is forced to circulate it by means of a circulating pump creating an additional pressure of the heating water, in addition to supplying water from the water pipe to The expansion tank-heat accumulator is used to supply water directly to the main riser according to the pipe-in-pipe scheme.

10. A method for heating water in a system of autonomous heat supply and hot water supply with a natural circulation of the heat-transfer medium according to claim 9, characterized in that the heating of the water is carried out in a steam-water-heating boiler with a circulation rate of 50 to 500 to the boiling point.

print version
Date of publication 25.01.2007gg

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