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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2287743

SYSTEM OF SUPPLY OF HEAT AND COLD WATER BUILDING (3 T system)

The name of the inventor: Anichin Alexander Glebovich
The name of the patent owner: Anichkhin Alexander Glebovich
Address for correspondence: 117465 , Moscow, ul. Profsoyuznaya, 156, building 1, ap. 202, A.G. Anichin
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.03.29

The invention relates to the technique of heating, ventilation, hot and cold water supply and heat supply of buildings. The technical result: increasing the efficiency of accounting for thermal energy consumed by the consumer, while increasing their functionality, and improving the quality, operating conditions and shortening the construction time. The system of supplying the building with heat and cold water contains the main pipelines of heat and cold water supplied to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through a heat meter and a water meter with building cold water supply pipelines and supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers by means of risers respectively Mixers of cold water supply connected to the hot water circulating hot water piping and individual heating systems, with each customer additionally equipped with thermal transfer units installed at the consumers' connection points to the risers, which are connected on one side to the supply and return heating pipes and the cold water supply riser, and On the other hand - to an individual heating system and a mixer with a circulating hot water supply piping, the latter is equipped with a circulation pump and an expansion tank; Wherein the thermo-transforming unit includes at least two heat exchangers, one of which is connected to a circulation hot water supply pipe by one cavity, the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser of heat supply; And the second heat exchanger - one cavity is connected to the mixer and a standpipe of cold water supply, and another cavity - at the inlet respectively to the supply riser and the return pipeline of the individual heating system, and at the outlet - to the back riser of heat supply.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the technique of heating, ventilation, hot and cold water supply and heat supply.

There are known systems for supplying the building with heat and cold water, which contain the main pipelines of heat and cold water supply that are connected to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through cold water supply pipelines and supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers by means of risers respectively with mixers Cold water supply connected to the hot water circulation piping and individual heating systems (see Designer's Guide Internal Sanitary Equipment, Part 1 "Heating, Water Supply, Sewerage" under the edition Staroverova IG - Moscow: Stroyizdat, 1975, P. 70-102).

In connection with the need to determine the amount of heat and cold and hot water consumed by each consumer, systems for supplying the building with heat and cold water have recently appeared, which contain the main pipelines of heat and cold water supplied to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through a heat meter And a water meter with building pipelines of cold water supply and supply and return pipelines of heat supply connected to the consumers by means of risers respectively with cold water supply mixers connected to the hot water circulation piping and individual heating systems (see SniP "Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning" 2.04.05-91 * p.3.15).

These systems are characterized by the following drawbacks:

- Ensure that heat and cold water are consumed, but require an increased number of heat meters and water meters (for hot water supply - a water meter and heat meter, and for a heating system - a heat meter).

- They do not provide the consumer with heating of the supply air with the organization of forced ventilation, which becomes an urgent need for the introduction of hermetic double-glazed windows. And in the event of a need for a ventilation device, it is additionally necessary to arrange an additional gasket from the gate valves and the heat meter to the consumer of the heat supply pipes for the air heaters of the fresh air with the installation of additional heat meters on the pods.

- In addition, with modern construction practice, when the consumer can not decide at his own discretion on the temperature conditions in the rooms by the device of heated floors without adversely affecting other systems (hot water supply).

The proposed system avoids the above shortcomings and, in addition, increases the efficiency of accounting for the thermal energy consumed by the consumer, while increasing their functionality.

With the industrial manufacture of thermo-transforming aggregates, the quality is increased and construction time is shortened, and the operating conditions are improved.

These positive qualities of the proposed system are achieved by the fact that the system of supplying the building with heat and cold water, containing the main pipelines of heat and cold water supplied to the building, connected through shut-off valves and respectively through a heat meter and a water meter with building cold water supply pipelines and supply and return pipelines Pipelines of heat supply, connected to consumers by means of risers, respectively, with cold water supply mixers connected to the hot water circulation piping and individual heating systems, each customer is additionally equipped with thermal transfer units installed at the connection points to the risers, which are connected on the one side to the supply and return Heating standpipes and a standpipe of cold water supply, and on the other hand - to an individual heating system and a mixer with a circulating hot water supply piping, the latter is equipped with a circulating pump and an expansion tank; Wherein the thermo-converting unit includes at least two heat exchangers, one of which is connected to a circulation hot water supply pipe by one cavity, the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser of heat supply; And the second heat exchanger is connected to the mixer and the standpipe of the cold water supply with one cavity, and the other cavity at the inlet to the supply riser and the return pipe of the individual heating system, and at the outlet to the return heat supply riser, in addition, the thermo-transforming unit can be additionally supplied

A) a pump mixer connected to the individual heating system and the supply and return heating pipes, respectively;

B) an air heater having a pump mixing device connected to the supply and return heat supply pipes;

C) air and water heaters, the cavities of which are connected by a circulating ring with a pump and an expansion tank, and the second cavity of the water heater is connected to the risers;

D) an expansion tank and a heat exchanger that is connected to the supply and return heating pipes by a single cavity through the pump, and the expansion tank is connected to an individual heating system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings presented in FIGS. 1-7.

FIG. 1 shows a system for supplying a building with heat and cold water (schematic diagram)

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermo-transforming unit for individual hot water systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating and ventilation systems of a consumer connected directly to the supply and return risers of heat supply

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal transfer unit for individual hot water systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating and ventilation systems of a consumer with pump mixing devices

4 is a schematic diagram of a thermo-transforming unit for individual hot water systems based on heat exchangers, and for individual heating systems with pump mixing devices

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermo-transforming unit configured for individual hot water supply systems and individual consumer heating and ventilation systems based on heat exchangers

6 - conventional symbols

FIG. 7 illustrates an exemplary layout of a thermoforming aggregate

The systems and schemes of thermo-transforming units presented in the drawings can be supplemented by various combinations (from the ones indicated in the drawings) of the connections of individual systems to the risers.

The system of supplying the building with heat and cold water contains the main pipelines of heat (2) and cold (3) water supply to the building (1), which through the gate valves (4, 5, 6,) and through the heat meter (7) and the water meter (8 ) Are connected to the cold water supply pipelines that are building in the building and the supply and return (9, 10, 11) pipelines of heat supply. From these pipelines, the risers (12) of cold water supply and (13, 14) of heat supply respectively flow to the consumers. The first of which (12) is connected to the mixers (15) connected by the circulation (16) pipeline of the hot water supply system. Stations (13, 14) are connected to individual heating systems (17).

According to the invention, the system of supplying the building with heat and cold water for each consumer is additionally equipped with thermal transfer units (18) that are connected on one side to the supply and return heat supply pipes (13, 14) and the cold water supply stand (12), and on the other hand to the individual A heating system (17) and a mixer (15) with a circulation pipe (16), on which a circulating pump (19) and an expansion tank (20) are mounted. The thermo-transforming unit consists of at least two heat exchangers (21, 22), one of which (21) is connected to the circulation pipeline (16) of one hot water supply with one cavity, and the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supplying riser (13). The second heat exchanger (22) is connected to the mixer (15) and the cold water supply riser (12) by one cavity and the inlet to the return and return risers of the heat supply, respectively, and to the return riser (14) at the outlet. Alternatively, the thermo-transforming unit can be additionally equipped with a pump mixing device (23) connected to an individual (17) heating system and a supply and return risers (13, 14), respectively. If the heat supply and cold water supply system of the building is assigned the tasks of supplying consumers with the heated supply air, the heat transfer unit is additionally equipped with an air heater (24) having a pump mixing device (25) connected to the supply and return risers (13, 14) .

Sometimes, when high pressure is not allowed in individual heating systems, the thermo-transforming unit should be carried out with an expansion tank (26) and a heat exchanger (27), which is connected to the individual heating system (17) by one cavity through the pump (28) and the other to Supply and return risers (13, 14), the expansion tank (26) being connected to the individual heating system (17).

The heat supply of the air heaters (24, 29) can be carried out through a closed system, for which the thermo-transforming unit must be additionally equipped with air and water heaters (28, 29), the cavities of which are connected together by a circulating ring (30) with a pump (31) and an expansion tank (32 ), And the second cavity of the water heater (29) is connected to the risers (13, 14) of the heat supply.

Depending on the conditions of use of the unit, the latter can be equipped with:

33 - pressure regulators,

34 - by individual water meters,

35 - water filters,

36 - balancing cranes,

37 - individual stopcocks,

38 - individual heat meters of the consumer,

39 - differential pressure regulators,

40 - non-return valves,

41 - circulation pumps,

42 - control valves,

43 - air temperature sensors,

43w - water temperature sensors,

44 - flow switch,

45 - with three-way control valves,

46 - bypass valves.

The system of supplying the building with heat and cold water works as follows.

According to the main pipelines 2 to the building 1, a coolant is supplied and discharged, and along the main pipeline 3, cold water is supplied for water supply purposes. Further, the coolant and cold water through the gate valves 4, 5, 6, and through the heat meter 7 and the water meter 8 enter the pipelines that conduct the coolant through the building to the feed and return risers 13, 14 and cold water to the risers 12. The risers 13, 14 are connected to Individual heating systems 17 for each consumer, and mixers 15 are connected to the cold water supply riser 12, to which a circulating hot water supply pipe 16 is connected for each consumer. According to the invention, thermal transfer units 18 connected to the risers 12, 13, 14 of the water supply and heat supply systems and to individual heating systems and a circulating hot water pipe 16 with a mixer 15 are located at each riser connection point to individual heating systems and water mixers. Thermo-transforming units Are intended for thermal transformation (changes in the temperature and quantity of heat, the pressure of the working medium in individual consumer systems, the preparation of hot water for the hot water supply system and the maintenance of constant temperature in it and the required flow rate) of the heat supplied to the consumer by the heat supply risers 13, 14, Consumer requirements. Typically, the heat transfer unit comprises at least two heat exchangers 21, 22. The heat exchanger 21 is connected to a hot water supply pipe 16 by a single cavity, and the other cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply heat pipe (13). The heat carrier entering the heat exchanger is further used to maintain the temperature of the heat transfer medium in individual heating systems, ventilation using heat exchangers or pump mixers. Through this heat exchanger, only hot water that has cooled in the pipelines of the hot water supply system circulates and reheats, thereby providing the mixer with water at a constant temperature. The heat exchanger 22 is connected to a mixer 15 and a riser 12 with one cavity, and the other cavity is connected at the inlet to the supply and return risers 13, 14; At the outlet - only to the return riser 14. This heat exchanger provides, in the presence of water extraction through the mixer 15, heating the cold water supply to the required temperature of the hot water supply system. The connection of the heat exchanger at the inlet of the heat transfer medium to the return and supply risers with the equipment of this connection by non-return valves 40, circulation pump 41, control valves 42, bypass valves 46 makes it possible to rationally use the temperature potential of the reverse heating water for the preparation of hot water in the water supply system.

The water heating temperature is controlled by the water sensors 43w and the control valves 42 in combination with the relief valve 46.

Heating of the circulating water of the hot water supply system is ensured by the supply coolant intended for individual heating, ventilation and hot water supply systems. Regulation is carried out by the regulating three-way. Further, the heat transfer medium after the heat exchanger 21 is used in individual heating, ventilation and heat exchanger systems.

Individual heating and ventilation systems can be connected directly to the supply and return heat supply risers 13, 14 (FIG. 2). In this case, the thermal transfer unit 18 is provided for each system with control valves 42 controlled by the signal of the air temperature sensor 43 at the consumer. Sometimes, when it is not immediately possible to use the heat carrier with the available temperatures directly from the temperature parameters, the thermo-transforming units can be equipped with pump mixing devices (FIG. 3), which, at the signal of the air temperature sensor 43, regulate the temperature of the heat transfer medium entering the individual systems, Three-way valves 45) and bypass valves 46.

If the hydrostatic pressure in the system is high and can not be reduced, the equipment of individual systems can not stand. The heat transfer unit must necessarily contain heat exchangers (Fig. 4, 5), and the individual systems connected to the heat exchangers are equipped with circulation pumps 41, and on the heat exchanger feeders, the control valves 42 are placed on the heat exchangers operating at the signal of air temperature sensors 43 installed at the consumer .

At the entrance of the lines connecting the thermotransforming units to the risers 12, 13, 14, each regulator is provided with a pressure regulator 33, an individual water meter 34, a water filter 35, a stopcock 37, respectively, on the cold water supply line, and on the communication lines of thermoforming units with heat supply pipes 13, 14 - differential pressure regulator 39, individual heat meters 38, balancing cock 36, filters 35, stopcocks 37.

In connection with the fact that three pipelines (supply and return pipes of the coolant and a cold water supply pipeline) are supplied in the proposed system in comparison with those known to the consumer instead of 5 (1 supply and 2 return pipes of the heat carrier and pipelines 3, 4, 5 of cold, hot water supply and Circulating hot water) we propose to designate the system as a "3T" system.

CLAIM

1. The system of supplying the building with heat and cold water, containing the main pipelines of heat and cold water supply to the building, connected through shut-off valves and, respectively, through a heat meter and a water meter with building cold water supply pipelines and supply and return heat supply pipelines connected to consumers by means of Risers respectively with cold water supply mixers connected to the hot water circulation piping and individual heating systems, characterized in that each customer's system is additionally equipped with thermal transfer units installed at the connection points to the risers, which are connected on one side to the supply and return heat pipes And a standpipe of cold water supply, and on the other hand - to an individual heating system and a mixer with a circulating hot water supply piping, the latter is equipped with a circulating pump and an expansion tank; Wherein the thermo-transforming unit includes at least two heat exchangers, one of which is connected to the DHW circulation loop by one cavity, another cavity is connected at the inlet and outlet to the supply riser, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the mixer and the cold water riser by one cavity, and Another cavity - at the inlet, respectively, to the feeder riser and the return pipe of the individual heating system, and at the outlet to the back riser of the heat supply.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-transforming unit is further provided with a pump mixing device connected to the individual heating system and the supply and return heating pipes, respectively.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-transforming unit is further provided with an air heater having a pump mixing device connected to the supply and return heat supply risers.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-transforming unit is provided with an expansion tank and a heat exchanger which is connected to the supply and return heat supply pipes with one cavity through the pump, and the other is connected to the individual heating system .

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-transforming unit is additionally equipped with air and water heaters, the cavities of which are connected by a circulating ring to the pump and the expansion tank, and the second cavity of the water heater is connected to the risers of the heat supply.

print version
Date of publication 25.01.2007gg

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