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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2195608
VACUUM-STEAM SYSTEM
The name of the inventor: Gilyazov DG; Narbekov AI; Zamaleev Z.H .; Valiullin MA
The name of the patent holder: Kazan State Academy of Architecture and Construction
Address for correspondence: 420043, Kazan, Zelenaya, 1, KGASA, PIO
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.04.16
The invention relates to heating systems for residential and other buildings. The steam heating system includes a boiler with a steam sump installed on it, heaters connected by means of a crane with a steam pipe and condensate drain with a condensate line, and a device for creating and regulating a vacuum made in the form of a cylinder with a piston with the possibility of reciprocating the latter. By changing the steam pressure in the heating system, it is possible to vary the temperature of the steam, depending on the outside air temperature and thereby reduce the power consumption of the system.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to heating systems for residential and other buildings.
There are known vacuum-steam systems consisting of boilers, vapor collectors, steam pipelines, heating devices, condensate lines, cranes and vacuum pumps (see Shumsky, K.P., Vacuum apparatuses and devices of chemical engineering., Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1974. - 576 s , Dryzdov, VF, Heating and Ventilation, Heating, Moscow: Higher School, 1971. 280 pp., Figure V-10, p. 172), which are complex in regulating and Energy-intensive.
The prototype of the invention is a vacuum system of steam heating, including a boiler, a steam receptacle, steam pipelines, cranes, heating appliances, condensate drainage traps, condensate lines and a vacuum pump (see Turkin, VP, Heating of Residential, Public and Agricultural Buildings, Chelyabinsk: South Uralsk. Izd-vo, 1970. - 333 pp., Figure 118, page 187).
The drawback of the prototype is that the power consumption of the vacuum pump is considerable.
The invention is aimed at reducing the power consumption of the system.
The result is achieved by the fact that in a vacuum system of steam heating, including a boiler with a steam receptacle installed on it, the heaters connected by means of cranes with a steam pipe and a steam trap, and a device for creating and regulating the vacuum, it is made in the form of a cylinder with a piston with a piston Reciprocal movement of the latter.
The result is also achieved by the fact that the free end of the piston of the vacuum generating device is rigidly attached to a nut having the possibility of reciprocating and interacting with a screw which is connected to the electric motor via a conical reducer and a coupling.
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FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed vacuum system for steam heating; FIG. FIG. 2 shows a unit for connecting a cylinder with a piston to a steam receptacle; FIG. 3 shows a kinematic diagram of piston movement.
The proposed system consists of the following elements: a steam boiler 1 on which a steam sump 2 is connected to a steam sump 2 of a cylinder with a piston 3, a system of steam pipes 4 to which a heater 5 is connected by means of a steam regulating device 5 controlling the supply of steam to a device 5 of a vacuum ball valve 6 and a thermal steam trap 7 with a condensate line 8, a vacuum tap 9 and a vertical condensate line 10.
The system is equipped with a vacuum valve 11 for filling it with water, a descent 12, a water gauge glass 13, a manometer 14 with an additional external temperature circle.
The piston movement mechanism includes a reciprocating nut 15 rigidly attached to the piston 3 and cooperating with a rotary screw 16 which is connected via a bevel gear 17 and a coupling 18 to an electric motor 19.
The system works as follows. Initially, the piston 3 in the cylinder is in the right end position. The system is filled with water from the water main to the upper level along the water gauge glass 13. The cranes 6 and 9 are open. The valve 11 is closed and the ignition of boiler 1 begins. The water temperature in the boiler rises to 100 o C and the water boils. The resulting vapor is collected in the steam receptacle 2 and then directed along the steam line 4 to the heating devices 5, where it condenses, giving off the latent heat of vaporization through the device wall to the room air. Condensate from the devices 5 through the thermal steam traps 7 enters the condensate lines 8 and 10 and from them to the boiler 1 by gravity. The process is repeated.
Air from the system is displaced by steam through the tap 9. After this, the valve 9 is closed.
The control of the heat transfer of devices 5 in a closed system can be carried out depending on the temperature of the outside air only by changing the temperature of the steam. The saturated vapor temperature depends on the pressure. Thus, by changing the vapor pressure in a closed system, the temperature of the steam can be varied depending on the temperature of the outside air. To do this, the piston 3 must be moved from right to left for a certain distance, depending on the outside temperature and, correspondingly, the vapor pressure that should be maintained in the boiler 1, as indicated by the arrow of the manometer. When the piston 3 moves from right to left, the internal volume of the system increases and the pressure becomes lower than atmospheric , I.e. A vacuum is created and the water begins to boil at a lower temperature. This leads to a decrease in the heat supply of the device 5.
Thus, it becomes possible to carry out qualitative regulation in the system during the heating season, which reduces the power consumption of the system.
CLAIM
1. A vacuum steam heating system including a boiler with a steam receptacle mounted on it, heating devices connected by means of cranes with a steam pipe and condensate drain with a condensate conduit, and a device for creating a vacuum, characterized in that the device for creating and regulating the vacuum is designed as installed on a steam receptacle Cylinder with a piston with the possibility of reciprocating displacement of the latter.
2. The vacuum system of claim 1, wherein the free end of the piston of the vacuum generating device is rigidly attached to a nut that is reciprocable and interacts with a screw that is connected to the motor via a conical gear and a coupling.
print version
Date of publication 29.01.2007gg
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