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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2293070

METHOD FOR INTEGRATED processing and recycling of sewage sludge

Name of the inventor: Knatko Vasily Mikhailovich (RU); Shcherbakova Elena (RU); Knatko Mikhail (RU); Vladimir Natalia
The name of the patentee: Knatko Vasily Mikhailovich (RU); Shcherbakova Elena (RU); Mikhail Knatko
Address for correspondence:. 198264, Saint Petersburg, Prospect Veterans, 139, kv.373, VM Knatko
Starting date of the patent: 2005.04.18

The invention relates to the field of processing of sewage sludge at municipal wastewater treatment plants. The process consists in the preliminary dewatering primary clarifiers and activated sludge, mixed with sand from sand traps, disinfection by reagents and disposal of the product by means of additional neutralization precipitation disinfecting and neutralizing reagent, which is used as an integrated powder reagent with the following composition: clay 40,0- 60.0 wt%, 5,0-40,0% by weight of lime, cement 5,0-40,0% by weight complexing agent selected from the group of... a mixture of metal oxides, ash, slag, crushed, dolomite flour, ground limestone 5.0-10.0 wt.%. The amount of the reagent is 10,0-30,0 wt.% Of the weight of the mixture. Technical effect - a deep complex processing, decontamination and disinfection of precipitation to yield environmentally friendly disposal of products.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of processing of sewage sludge produced at municipal wastewater treatment plants, and is intended to ensure the disposal of non-waste technology products of processing.

Sewage sludge municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are a complex mixture of high water content, which biologically harmless substances strongly associated with polluting toxic components of organic and inorganic nature.

There are various ways of processing CBS precipitation, partly solving the problem of their disposal and processing of subsequent disposal of produced substances.

The most common methods of disposal of sewage sludge through fuel fabrication or by pyrolysis.

There is a method of biological sludge disposal facilities for waste water treatment to produce a fuel after mixing the filter cake with 40-50 wt.% Of coal dust or wood chips or shavings or peat (FR №2497520, C 10 L 5/46, 5 / 48, 1982).

A method of processing waste water treatment facilities for fuel or additives to compost, by which the precipitate is mixed with flocculants and carbon carriers and are subjected to dehydration until the solids fraction of 15-20% (EP №0271628, C 10 L 5/40, 1988).

By similar methods recycling CBS can be attributed to a method for producing a molded fuel based on a blend of condensed sludge systems for waste water and the dried mixture was pulverized solid fuel selected from the group consisting of wood and plant waste, peat, lignin, coal fines, textile waste or mixtures (RU №2131449, C 10 L 5/14, 5/44, 5/46, 5/48, 1999).

However, all these methods are only partially solve the problem of waste disposal CBS and reduce environmental pollution waste, because they can not be used for disposal of waste containing toxic substances.

There are ways of recycling and sludge facilities for wastewater treatment to produce a sorbent after mixing the sludge with peat and calcination (Waste sludge biological wastewater treatment. Water supply and sanitation equipment 1965, №5, s.10-11) and a method based on the introduction of active in the processing of crushed expanded clay silt before pyrolysis to improve the efficiency of the resulting sorbent (SU №1742227, C 02 F 11/00, 1990).

The formation of toxic gases during pyrolysis, but also the presence of heavy metals in the resulting sorbents are essential drawbacks of these methods, which hampers their widespread use.

There is a method of complex processing of technogenic deposits, in particular CBS wastes, involving the separation of precipitation fractionation followed by treatment of each fraction separately and obtain targeted recyclable products. Sand component is first separated precipitate and then depending on the ratio of organic substances and inorganic sludge sediment is divided into component fractions are separate and their processing. sulfuric acid treatment provides a precipitate of coagulant. Sludge pyrolysis and activation processing to ensure its sorbent with a high content of organic sediment subjected biotechnological decomposition (RU №2057725, C 02 F 11/10, C 02 F 11/14, 1996).

The disadvantages of the known method include uncertainty criteria sludge component separation into fractions depending on the ratio of the content of organic and inorganic substances and methods of their separation and declarative and obtain a "clean" part of the sand after the passage of processing trommel or hydrocyclone. This is explained by the fact that the particles contained in the sand autologous films adsorbed organic and inorganic contaminants that can not be completely removed by this treatment. Moreover, the pyrolysis of one of the factions of sludge component requires complex technological equipment for cleaning smoke emissions, and processing of another faction of sulfuric acid is a dangerous, high-cost and thus requires the presence of special corrosion-resistant equipment. Based on the above we can conclude about the possible use of the known method only for cleaning of bottom sediments of rivers and lakes, and it is impossible to use it for complex processing and disposal of sewage sludge CBS.

The closest to the invention is a method of processing sewage sludge, the implementation of which precipitate primary clarifiers and activated sludge after the preliminary dehydration with a filler material mixed with sand and disinfectant agent additionally dewatered to a moisture content of 60% and the product is utilized as a fertilizer (SU №842057, C 02 F 11/006 1981). This method, according to the authors, provides processing of all waste produced by CBS: sludge, activated sludge, sand. However, apart from these types of waste CBS, the authors did not take into account nadreshetochnye waste consisting of a solid large-sized inclusions, which must be disposed of. In the case of content in sewage sludge of toxic organic and inorganic substances, this method of disposal is not applicable. Use as a disinfecting agent thiasone or ammonia water increases the cost of operations and makes the utilization of environmentally unsafe foods, that is actually happening decontamination of waste, but not their disposal.

The task to be solved by the creation of the present invention, a deep complex processing of sewage sludge, which provides their disposal, decontamination and disposal to give environmentally friendly products.

The problem is solved in that in the method of complex processing and disposal of sewage sludge comprising a preliminary dewatering precipitation primary clarifiers and activated sludge, mixing with sand and disinfecting agent, and receiving disposal of the product according to the invention simultaneously with disinfection carried neutralization of sewage sludge through the combined powdered reagent of the following composition:. 40,0-60,0% by weight of clay, lime 5,0-40,0% by weight, cement 5,0-40,0% by weight, a complexing agent selected from the group of.. a mixture of metal oxides , ash, slag, crushed, dolomite flour, ground limestone 5.0-10.0 wt.%, and the amount of reagent is 10,0-30,0 wt.% of the weight of the mixture, the reagent, the dewatered sludge primary clarifiers and activated sludge supplied to the mixer simultaneously with sand from sand traps and, optionally, with a pre-crushed waste nadreshetochnymi primary clarifiers where treated to obtain a homogeneous mixture, which is placed in a storage bin.

For man-made soil reinforcement amount of powdered reagent may be 20,0-30,0 wt.%, While the content of clay in it 40,0-50,0 wt.% Lime 5,0-20,0 wt.%, Cement 30,0-40,0 wt.% of complexing agent, which is selected as the metal oxides or fly ash, slag or crushed 5.0-10.0 wt.%.

For man-made soil-ground amount of reagent may be 10.0-15.0 wt.%, While the content of clay in it 40,0-50,0 wt.% Lime 20,0-40,0 wt.%, Cement 5, 0-10,0% by weight of complexing agent, as which may be selected or dolomite flour, ground limestone -.. 5.0-10.0 wt%, the holding time in the storage hopper can be at least 24 hours, after which rasschelachivayuschuyu mixture is further added an additive as vegetable soil in a ratio of 1.0: 0.4 to 1.0: 0.6, or peat, at a ratio of 1.0: 0.15 to 1.0: 0.25 .

The applicant has not found any sources of information containing data on engineering solutions identical to the claimed invention, which allows to conclude that it conforms to the criterion "novelty".

Using a method of complex processing and recycling of the proposed CBS reagent waste not only provides disinfection, decontamination and all components of the sewage sludge.

It is known that in a large amount of sludge and excess activated sludge contains various microorganisms, including pathogens. Their number is estimated on the content of total protein, for example, by the method of Bradford (quantitative impact of microorganisms on the physical and mechanical properties gleying rocks. Guidelines, Leningrad, Publishing House of Leningrad State University, 1988) and can range from 100 to 300 mg / g dry matter. With the introduction of the proposed medium reagent reaction mixture CBS waste ranges from pH 6.0-6.5 to pH 11.0-12.0. Under these conditions rezkoschelochnyh by alkali hydrolysis of fats, proteins and membranes of microorganisms occurs saponification hydrocarbons listed substances destruction of microorganisms and formation of sodium, potassium and calcium salts of organic acids.

Thus, the invention provides a neutralization and precipitation of various toxicants CBS primarily heavy toxic metals and their complexes. This is achieved by forming the aluminosilicate sorption-active mineral matrix formed by the interaction of alkaline reagent components (lime, cement) with clay, the amount of which in the reagent can be 40,0-60,0 wt.%. This quantity of aluminosilicate clay provides a fairly complete course of chemisorption processes. . When reducing the clay content in the reagent at least 40.0% by weight of the amount of aluminosilicate may be insufficient for a reliable interaction with the dispersed constituents of the activated sludge, while the increase in clay content - wasted due to the fact that leads to decrease in the proportion of components and complexing hydrolyzing, thereby reducing Top efficiency of hydrolysis reactions. Introduction of the reagent lime provides primarily medium overbased reaction mixture to precipitate the components and their acid buffering overcome. Therefore, the lime consumption in the production of man-made soil-ground conditions selected from the provision of the reaction medium pH 11.0-12.0, i.e. can not be less than 20 wt.%, Since the amount of the powder reagent, in this case smaller than for the production of man-made reinforced soil. Furthermore, lime, aluminosilicate hydrolysed interacting with clay participates in the formation of cementitious aggregating or neoplasms of hydrosilicates, aluminates, calcium ferrites lithification promoting colloid-dispersed components of the mixture. The introduction of the complexing agent provides an intensification of processes of tumors that have binding capacity and gidravlichnostyu formed organo-mineral aggregates. Selecting a specific complexing determined by the type of the final disposal of the product. So, for man-made soil reinforcement as a complexing metal oxides can be used, fly ash or slag, crushed, and its share should be at least 10.0 wt.%, Whereas for man-made soil-ground proportion of complexing agent may be 5.0 wt. % and as such are already using dolomite flour or ground limestone, which are environmentally friendly components.

The proposed method provides both utilization and crushed and shredded waste nadreshetochnyh that perform in the production of man-made soil stabilization function of reinforcing fraction or krupnoagregatnogo component contributing to aeration in the production of man-made soils.

Adding contaminated sand in the sand traps of the mixer together with the other components of the sludge and recyclable reagent and ensures its disinfection and neutralization, with sand acts as the inert skeletal additives useful for all kinds of waste products.

The holding time obtained in the mixer homogeneous mixture CBS precipitation components and powder agent in the preparation of the soil is not man-made fortified reglamentrovano, ie, the resulting mixture can be used to produce it immediately after unloading. And in the production of man-made soil-ground exposure resulting mixture into a storage hopper is required for the full implementation of decontamination and disinfection processes in highly alkaline environment. Thus it is not earlier than one day in man-made soil-ground mixture prepared rasschelachivayuschuyu recommended to apply the additive in the form of natural vegetable soil in a ratio of 1.0: 0.4 to 1.0: 0.6, or peat, at a ratio of 1.0 : 0.15 to 1.0: 0.25.

These circumstances, according to the applicant, confirm the compliance of the claimed technical solution to the criterion "inventive step".

The possibility of realization of the present invention is confirmed by the experiments and illustrated by the following examples.

example 1

In this example, an implementation of the present invention to provide a fortified technogenic soil. According to the SNIP 2.04.03-85 CBS weight ratio of components, which are at wastewater treatment plants, it has the following composition (expressed as a decimal):

- Dehydrated to a moisture content of 75% sludge and surplus activated sludge - 0.9;

- Sand from sand traps at a moisture content of 10-12% - 0.09;

- Comminuted into particles less than 5 mm nadreshetochnye waste with a moisture content of 25.0% - 0.01.

Prepared in a batch vibrosmesitele WGMS mark (2 × 100) of said blend waste CBS composition different consistency viscous-flow, and after making it into a powder reagent of the following composition: clay - 45.0% cement - 30.0%, lime - 15 0% complexing agent (ash) - a mixture of 10.0% acquired tugoplastichnoe condition suitable for molding samples. Samples of soil were fortified technogenic made when administered complex powder agent in an amount of 10.0; 20.0; 30.0; 40.0 wt.%. Cylindrical samples with a diameter and height of which was 5 cm, were molded under a static load of 30 kg / cm and were maintained in the chamber 100% humidity for 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, and then tested for strength and water resistance. The results are shown in Table 1.

Studies have shown that the strength of man-made reinforced soil increases with the proportion of the powder reagent in a mixture of CBS waste. The resulting strength characteristics meet the requirements of GOST 23558-94 "Mixes rubble-gravel-sand and soils treated by inorganic binders for road and airfield construction."

In order to assess the degree of CBS waste decontamination with the introduction of the complex powder agent analyzes the content of total protein were carried out in the resulting fortified technogenic soil.

Prior to the introduction into the mixture of waste powder agent CBS content therein of total protein was 110-115 mg / g dry matter, and one hour after alkalization reagent mixture powder total protein content of the additives was reduced to 30-45 mg / g. After holding daily premix (CBS waste and powder agent) content of total protein was not found. In addition, it should be noted that the introduction of a mixture of waste powder agent CBS proposed structure, once it disappears unpleasant putrid odor, indicating that the termination of putrefaction due to the vital activity of microorganisms.

To determine the degree of neutralization of the mixture of waste CBS experiments to assess the chemisorption the absorption of heavy metals were carried out and other toxicants emerging as a result of alkaline hydrolysis clay component powder agent, aluminosilicate mineral matrix. heavy metals desorption processes from the original waste mixture CBS and the resulting fortified man-made soil water extracts were evaluated outcomes at 1 and 3 days desiccator keeping samples. The results are shown in Table 2. The yield does not exceed the specified toxicants MACs.

Determination of mobile forms of toxicants produced by a study of ammonium acetate extracts. The results of these studies are shown in Table 3. The content of mobile forms of anthropogenic toxicants in samples fortified soil and does not exceed the permissible norms of MPC.

Based on this we can conclude about the environmental safety of the resulting man-made soil reinforcement.

example 2

For a man-made soil-ground waste mixture CBS (similar to the composition of Example 1) were injected additive powder agent in an amount of 5.0; 10.0; 15.0; and 20.0 wt.%. When this reagent complex powder has the following composition. Clay - 50.0 wt%, 35.0 wt% lime, cement - 5.0% by weight complexing (dolomite flour) 10.0% by weight....

After introducing a reagent into a mixture of waste was carried CBS being stirred for 5 minutes using vibrosmesitelya WGMS (2 × 100). Then, the resulting mixture was kept for one day in the chamber 100% humidity, after which the reaction was determined by soil-ground environment. As a result of exposure of the powder reagent addition reaction medium was in the alkaline range (pH 10,0-11,0) were introduced into a mixture of topsoil additives (pH 6.2) in a weight ratio to the mixture rasschelachivayuschey topsoil additive from 1.0: 0.3 to 1.0: 0.6.

For the manufacture of soil-ground samples as rasschelachivayuschey additives used and downstream (humus), peat (pH <5.0) at a ratio of 1.0: 0.2 to 1,0-0,25.

The resulting artificial soil samples were kept for one day in the chamber 100% humidity, and then determining the control response of the medium were conducted. The results show that the pH of samples made in accordance with the stated quantitative ratios of the components is less than 8.5, that is sufficient rasschelachivanie environment and the resulting man-made soils can be recommended for lawns device, and for other purposes of public utility. The results are shown in Table 4. The total protein samples produced in soils not detected.

Thus, the invention provides a complex processing of wastewater treatment plants precipitation with their disinfection and disposal of and the receipt of utilization of environmentally friendly products using available materials and standard equipment, which confirms its compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

CLAIM

1. A method of complex processing and disposal of sewage sludge, including preliminary dewatering precipitation primary clarifiers and activated sludge, mixing with the sand from sand traps, disinfection by reagents and disposal of the product, characterized in that the further conduct neutralization precipitation, and as a disinfectant and eliminates complex reagent is powdered reagent of the following composition:. 40,0-60,0% by weight of clay, lime 5,0-40,0% by weight, cement 5,0-40,0% by weight, a complexing agent selected from the series..: a mixture of metal oxides, fly ash, crushed slag, dolomite flour, ground limestone 5.0-10.0 wt.%, the amount of reagent is 10,0-30,0% by weight of the mixture, said reagent, dehydrated precipitation primary clarifiers and activated sludge is fed into the mixer together with the sand from sand traps and additional pre-crushed waste nadreshetochnymi primary settling tanks, where it is processed to obtain a homogeneous mixture, which is placed in a storage bin.

2. The method of complex processing and disposal of sewage sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that to obtain the number of man-made fortified ground powder agent is 20,0-30,0 wt.% When the content of clay in it 40,0-50,0 wt.% lime 5,0-20,0 wt.% cement 30,0-40,0 wt.% of complexing agent, which is selected as the metal oxides or fly ash, slag or crushed, 5,0-10, 0 wt.%.

3. The method of complex processing and disposal of sewage sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that to produce man-made soil-ground amount of reagent is 10.0-15.0 wt.% When the content of clay in it 40,0-50,0 wt. % lime 20,0-40,0 wt.%, cement 5.0-10.0 wt.%, complexing agent, which is selected as dolomite flour or ground limestone, 5.0-10.0 wt.%, with this holding time resulting mixture into storage hopper is not less than 24 hours, after which it is made in the form of an additive rasschelachivayuschuyu vegetable soil in a ratio of 1.0: 0.4 to 1.0: 0.6, or from peat in the ratio of 1 0: 0.15 to 1.0: 0.25.

print version
Publication date 20.02.2007gg

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