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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2152562

PLAZMOREAKTOR INSTALLATION neutralization of liquid waste CHLORORGANIC

PLAZMOREAKTOR INSTALLATION neutralization of liquid waste CHLORORGANIC

Name of the inventor: Hiroyuki Kuwahara; Popov YS .; MF Zhukov
The name of the patentee: Open Joint Stock Company "NovosibirskNIIhimmash"
Address for correspondence: 630056, Novosibirsk, st. Sofia 14, Open Joint Stock Company "NovosibirskNIIhimmash"
Starting date of the patent: 1998.11.02

The invention relates to the environment, more specifically, to the installation of liquid organochlorine waste disposal by means of low-temperature plasma. EFFECT: increased technical and operating parameters due to the possibility of controlling the pressure inside the reaction chamber and to ensure the stable operation of centrifugal-bubbling apparatus. Plazmoreaktor installation includes a housing, the plasma torch, the reaction chamber and centrifugal-bubbling apparatus, gas introduction assembly centrifugal-bubbling apparatus installed inside the reaction chamber and is in the form of cylindrical rings, cut the plane tangent to the inner surfaces on the segments which slidably mounted between the washers, profiling gas-liquid layer.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of ecology, in particular, is plazmoreaktor installation of liquid organochlorine waste disposal by means of low-temperature plasma. It can be used in any industry, including pharmacological, for disposal of toxic and harmful to human substances.

The technology of plasma arc heating is ideal for the pyrolysis of liquid hydrocarbons and converts them into valuable gas semis. However, for the disposal of liquid organochlorine waste it requires a higher temperature, and the specific methods of destruction.

Discloses a method and apparatus of the plasma organochlorine pyrolytic decomposition of liquid wastes such as polychlorinated difinila, whereby waste expansion is carried out directly in the channels of the plasma torch, recombination and neutralization is carried out in the reaction chamber and the quench and subsequent cleaning in a wet scrubber [1].

The obstacles to achieve the said below technical result, when using the known method and apparatus, include the fact that the process of sputtering and ionization neutralizes products in the known device is performed directly inside the hollow electrode of the plasma torch, which significantly reduces the residence time neutralizes the waste at high temperatures and does not exclude waste process of interaction with the electrode material. Another obstacle: the hardening process recombined products using spray rings is ineffective and uneconomical because of the small area of ​​interaction of the gas with the liquid.

The closest the same purpose to the claimed invention, the combination of features to provide a method and apparatus for plasma pyrolysis liquid waste, in the case of which plazmoreaktora mounted hollow shell is with the coil and centrifugal bubbling apparatus with a recirculation loop, wherein the coil of the hollow shell connected hydraulically through the steam generator to the steam plasma torch and centrifugal-bubbling apparatus is connected on the gas through a condenser with liquid ring vacuum pump [2].

The obstacles to achieve the said below technical result, when using the known device adopted for the prototype include the fact that in the known device there are no structural elements that ensure a stable and reliable operation of all its parts, including a reaction chamber and centrifugal-bubbling apparatus. Thus, a minor change in the concentration of the solvent neutralizes the waste can lead to significant changes in temperature within the reaction chamber and, consequently, to reduce the pressure. This immediately will inevitably impact on the centrifugal-bubbling apparatus due to the high dependence of the parameters of the gas-liquid ring on the speed of the incoming gas stream.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above drawbacks by changing the design of the device and improve the technical-operational characteristics.

This object is achieved by achieving the technical result in the implementation of the invention is to obtain a possibility of controlling the pressure inside the reaction chamber to ensure the stability of the centrifugal-bubbling apparatus.

Said technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known device plazmoreaktor installation of liquid organochlorine waste disposal includes an outer shell, the plasma torch, the reaction chamber and centrifugal-bubbling apparatus with gas injection unit. Moreover, the gas introduction assembly in a centrifugal bubble unit is installed inside the reaction chamber and is configured in the form of cylindrical rings, the cut plane tangent to the inner surface thereof, into segments that are movably mounted between the washers, the gas-liquid layer profiling.

Said technical result is achieved by the fact that the input unit and profiling bubbling washers centrifugal machine made through holes and pins are inserted, movably attached to the housing bubble centrifugal apparatus and is rigidly associated with the gas injection assembly segments segments.

This technical result is achieved by the fact that the reaction chamber plazmoreaktora designed as a Laval nozzle and sealed to its ends with a plasma torch and the casing centrifugal bubbling apparatus, with its cavity set temperature and pressure sensors, electrically connected with the mechanism of the rotation assembly gas injection segments .

In the study of the distinguishing features described plazmoreaktora installation of liquid organochlorine waste disposal do not reveal any similar decisions concerning the regulation of temperature and pressure inside the reaction chamber and to ensure the stability of the centrifugal-bubbling apparatus. The above combination of features ensures the achievement of the said technical result than is caused by a causal link between the symptoms and the technical result and the essential features of the claims.

Conducted by the applicant prior art analysis, including search by patent and scientific and technological information sources, and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, it possible to establish that the applicant has not found an analogue, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention. A definition of the list revealed a prototype analog as the closest analogue on set of features revealed a set of material in relation to the applicant's technical result sees the hallmarks of the claimed subject set out in the claims. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" under the current legislation.

To check the compliance of the claimed invention, the requirement of inventive step the applicant spent an additional search for known solutions in order to detect signs that coincide with the hallmarks of the prototype of the claimed invention, the results of which show that the claimed invention should not be for the expert explicitly from the prior art and may be obtained only with the full and thorough study of the issue. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step" by the current legislation.

PLAZMOREAKTOR INSTALLATION neutralization of liquid waste CHLORORGANIC

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the installation plazmoreaktora organochlorine liquid waste disposal, Fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. 1 with rotated segments, FIG. 3 - the same section A-A in Fig. 1, the incision closed segments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS to obtain the above technical result are as follows.

Fitting Plazmoreaktor neutralization of liquid wastes comprises organochlorine plasma torch 1 (FIG. 1), the waste input unit 2, the housing 3 at a cooling coil, a reaction chamber 4 with a steam coil and centrifugal bubbling apparatus 5, a shutter 6 shlamopriemnik 7. In turn, centrifugal- bubbling apparatus 5 includes a cylindrical body 8 with membrane 9, in a centrifugal-bubbling apparatus gas input assembly 10 5, washers 11, profiling gas-liquid layer, the movable segments 12, rods 13 of fastening segments 12, the rotation mechanism 14, the output konfuzor 15 and vlagootboynik 16. FIG. 2 shows a section A-A on input node 10 centrifugal gas bubbling apparatus 5, the segments 12 by rods 13 are rotated around their axes at a maximum angle. FIG. 3 shows the same section with closed segments 12, i.e. at zero angle of rotation of the rods 13.

Plazmoreaktor operates as follows. Liquid wastes are pre-mixed with various ingredients and fed to wastes input unit 2 and further into the reaction chamber 4 where they are using steam plasma torch 1 immediately heated up and break because at temperatures above 4000 o C pyrolysis of hydrocarbons proceeds rapidly and fully. Next formed gases, moving along the axis of the reaction chamber 4, and recombine, cooled, hardened. It is desirable to either eliminate or minimize the combustion of hydrocarbons during pyrolysis process. This can be achieved only under certain operating conditions in the reaction chamber 4: temperature, pressure and residence time. The temperature can be easily increased or decreased by using the plasma torch 1, but the pressure and gas residence time in the reaction chamber 4 is harder to adjust, because It depends on many factors, including the geometric parameters of the reaction chamber 4, and its output channel. The proposed plazmoreaktore these two parameters controlled by a gas introduction assembly 10 in a centrifugal bubbling apparatus 5. Thus, turning segments 12 (FIG. 2) by means of rods 13 by means of pivot mechanism 14, can set the desired pressure inside the reaction chamber 4, and therefore , path length and time of recombination of gas. It is not less important is the fact that when the angle of rotation of the segments 12 (FIG. 3) in the opposite direction of the pressure inside the reaction chamber 4 will increase and the gas velocity at input node 10 centrifugal bubbling apparatus 5 remains constant and as a consequence remain constant and the parameters of the gas-liquid ring. Passing between the profiling washers 11 and interacting with a liquid sorbent, gas is purified and cooled. The spent sorbent liquid via a confusor 15 going shlamopriemnike 6, and the cleaned gas passing through the centrifugal separator 16, leaves plazmoreaktor and sent for further processing. When this liquid sorbent and slurry (suspended in the drawings are not shown) to be further processed.

This design allows to detect plazmoreaktora organochlorine liquid waste with a high efficiency and reliability due to be able to control environmental parameters in the reaction chamber and maintaining the stability of gas-liquid layers in the centrifugal-bubbling apparatus.

Thus, the above data confirm that the performance of the claimed invention using the following set of conditions:

- Means embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, designed for industrial use, namely, in the environment, in particular in installations organochlorine liquid waste disposal using low-temperature plasma;

- The claimed device in the form as it is described in the independent claim of the claims set out, confirms the possibility of its implementation by means described herein or known before the priority date means and methods;

- A means of embodying the claimed invention in its implementation, is able to achieve the technical result is seen by the applicant. The advantage of the invention is that the use of turning segments in the node gas inlet centrifugal bubbling apparatus improves the technical and economic characteristics plazmoreaktora. It allows simple and reliable way to change the parameters of the medium in its reaction chamber and to achieve stability of gas-liquid ring during operation of the centrifugal-bubbling apparatus.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "industrial applicability" under the current legislation.

USED ​​BOOKS

1. US, Patent 4644877, cl. F 23 G 5/10, 1987

2. Description of the Invention Patent of the Russian Federation 2,093,754 C1, INC F 23 G 5/00, 1997

CLAIM

1. Plazmoreaktor installation of liquid organochlorine waste disposal, including a housing, the plasma torch, the reaction chamber and centrifugal-bubbling apparatus, wherein the gas injection unit centrifugal bubbling apparatus installed inside the reaction chamber and is in the form of cylindrical rings, cut the plane tangent to the internal surfaces into segments that are movably mounted between the washers, the gas-liquid layer profiling.

2. Plazmoreaktor according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling segments and washers are made with through-holes therein and rods are inserted, movably attached to the housing bubble centrifugal apparatus and is rigidly connected to the gas injection assembly segments.

3. Plazmoreaktor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reaction chamber it is designed as a Laval nozzle and is sealingly connected by its ends with a plasma torch and the casing centrifugal bubbling apparatus, while in its cavity temperature and pressure sensors are installed, electrically connected a rotation mechanism node gas injection segments.

print version
Publication date 19.02.2007gg