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PHOTON MATTER
Alexey Arsentiev
Proceeding from the dual nature of matter (female-male, black-white, positive-negative, etc.), the author suggests that there is a form of matter whose atoms and molecules are arranged on the same principle as traditional matter, but with one essential The difference. In atoms of such matter, the division into a nucleus and orbital particles is even more extreme. Instead of electrons (particles still possessing a kind of nonzero rest mass), photons move along the orbits. The core consists of a superdense substance, but not a composite of a "black hole" , but of a material slightly less dense - "bosonic substance." In the author's opinion, such a separation may well take place and it is logical to call such an education "photon matter" - by the nature of the orbital particles. Just like traditional "electronic matter" , photon matter is formed from photon molecules, which in turn consist of photonic atoms.
The situation in photonic atoms is analogous to the situation in traditional electronic atoms. Photon atoms exist in the allowed states, in which the photons remain bound, that is, they do not leave the orbit. At possible energy impulses from the outside, adequate excitation of orbital photons occurs, which in this case either become free, or can "walk" through the whole spectrum of allowed orbits.
The author considers it natural to designate the allowed photon levels-orbits of different energy saturation by the names of the traditional color gamut: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Blue and Violet. By analogy with the radius of the first Bohr orbit, a red orbit in a photon atom corresponds to the traditional electron atom. The last, the seventh, the most energetic photon shell - the Violet orbit - the haven of photons of Violet light.
The author claims that such a photon matter is an education more stable than traditional electronic matter. First, the orbital particles (photons in this case) in such a structure should be very stable, since they can not fall on the bosonic core, since it is not yet so dense that it would finally draw them. By definition, it is implied that the bosonic core is not a composite (material) of the substance of the "black hole" . Secondly, orbiting photons with the speed of light, orbit photons without cause can not leave the limits of the photon atom (de facto: "event horizons" ), since the "second cosmic" velocity for orbital photons should be higher than the traditional "s" (speed Sveta). In this article, the author expresses confidence that the rule of "cosmic velocities" (de facto: allowed orbits) is universal for the entire spectrum of structures that have a nuclear system: from the Solar System (the Titius-Bode rule) to the atom. Then, for bound photons (from Red to Violet) in a photon atom, the rule of "cosmic" (circular, orbital) velocity is also valid. In the case of a photon atom for orbital photons, the first cosmic velocity will be for such and the last, the only possible, speed of light.
The author also considers it important to note that the speed that is usually meant at the speed of light is the group (collective) speed of free (non-orbital) photons. Illustration: a group of people are running (for example, a company of soldiers) in a marathon race. Their group velocity is a definite and constant value provided that each individual runs at a constant speed. But for a single observer, perhaps, the fact that the company has an extension is important. In view of this fact it is obvious that the more energetic Violet in the first rows will reach the goal (finish) before running in the last rows of the Reds, although the speed of movement of individual individuals has been constant all the time. If the speed of the Violet is slightly higher than the speed of the Reds, then for some billions of years of the space marathon there will be a certain difference, which someone will call a "red shift". As free electrons provide the electrical conductivity of metals, and free photons provide phonon conductivity of the known to us world, providing an exchange of visual information.
The author expresses confidence that the above reasoning is not purely theoretical inference, but is a description of the so-called "dark energy" or "dark matter" . Despite the fact that in atoms of photon matter electrons are replaced by photons, the presence and possible emission of dark matter is almost imperceptible for an observer consisting of traditional electronic matter. First, the enormous force of the gravitational attraction of the boson core keeps the photons in a bound state. Secondly, unlike electrons, photons are electrically neutral. On the one hand, this fact nullifies the theoretically possible electromagnetic emission inherent in rotating charges, making it difficult to detect. And on the other hand, the absence of an electric charge makes orbital photons insensitive to even very strong electromagnetic fields, traditionally used in such observations. Third, based on the bosonic nature of the nucleus, the photon atom must be much more compact than its electronic counterpart.
This is explained by the following dimensional illustration. If the traditional electronic atom is compared with the Solar System, where the Sun plays the role of a proton nucleus, and the planets are the role of electrons, then the photon atom is similar (in terms of the scale difference) to the Earth and the set of artificial satellites circling it. It is quite obvious that it is much easier for an outside observer to notice the Solar System with all its Planets than the Earth and its artificial satellites.
But on this the similarity of the atom with the Solar System does not end
Let us consider in more detail the "allowed states"
Radiation during the rotation of electric charges along a circular orbit (electron in an atom) still takes place, but there is an exchange of energy between two components at resonant frequencies. There are no one-sided processes in Nature.
In allowed states, the frequency of the rotating charge is such that the nucleus absorbs the energy emitted by the electron, giving in exchange something that compensates for the energy loss of the orbital particle (electron), allowing it not to fall off the orbit. Illustration. From everyday experience we know that in order to bring the collective farm lawnmower to near-earth orbit it is necessary, first, to burn a lot of diesel in a short time. And secondly, periodically deliver this most space diesel in tanks in orbit, otherwise the orbital lawnmower will suffer the fate of the station "Mir" . It may very well be that the Response Resonant Nucleus Emission (I do not know how to best name it, maybe ORIY ? ) Gives and supports what is usually called the "spin" or "orbital moment" for an electron. The earth has its spin, as it rotates around its axis, rotating around the Sun. The moon has its own spin, as it rotates around its axis, while rotating around the Earth. And the electron has a spin and (they say) rotates around its axis, rotating around the nucleus. But the station "Mir", apparently, did not have a back, or it was not enough. As a result, the station was rattling off the orbit shortly after the delivery of space diesel fuel from the Earth.
The phenomenon of "cosmic speeds" and the conditions of weightlessness at near-Earth Space Orbital Stations ( CBS ) suggest another interesting idea. A situation is possible in which the Earth has such an orbital velocity with respect to the Sun that, speaking in poetic language, a state of weightlessness will appear on the orbital station of Planet Earth, as on a man-made CBS . Such correction of the Earth's orbital velocity is possible as a result of the passage of the Solar System through a strong gravitational field. A similar chance can be provided, for example, by a "black hole" with the catalog number GRO J1655-40 which, according to the statements of observing astronomers, is moving in the direction of the Solar System from the constellation Scorpio.
print version
Author: Alexei ARSENTYEV
Pi.O.
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Date of publication 27.11.2004гг
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