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THEORETICAL STUDY OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT

Vladimir Sizov

Welcome to the forum

This work is devoted to theoretical studies of electric current. The author of the work is Sizov VP The work is written in very simple language for a common understanding.

The modern concept of electric current

To date, it is believed that the electric current is directed motion of charged particles - that is, the movement of electrons. In any textbook described the classical notion of the electric current, bring it makes no sense. This concept does not fit some of the electrical phenomena and examples.

1. Do not have solutions in terms of the classical definition of an electrical current following problem. Current passing through a lead fuse burn through it. Find the velocity of motion of the electrons in the fuse. We possess the material from which the fuse is done - lead. The references we can see the lead melting temperature _Tm know the room temperature at which there is a fuse T _com. The difference of the temperature is the desired temperature at which it is necessary to heat the fuse

T _lawsuit.

T _sued = _Tm -T _com

Q = T _lawsuitmC + l m (J)

Where: m- mass of the fuse

C- specific heat capacity of lead

l - the melting of lead

Accordingly, the same work Q ₁ = Q commit and electrons carry an electric current.

Q ₁ = m _e V ² k / 2

Where: m _e - the electron mass.

V- velocity of the electron.

k- the number of electrons.

Knowing that the current in the classical definition of the process involves only one electron from each atom, the k-number of atoms of lead to the fuse. To solve this problem V is obtained simply prohibitive. Given that the electrons move at a tangent to the nucleus of the atom, but it does not fall perpendicularly. You can make the assumption that all the same the electric current is not the motion of the electrons, and something else.

2. The piezoelectric phenomenon is difficult to explain in terms of the electric current. It is impossible to explain how a mechanical action on an object causes an electric current. And the reverse process, an electric current deforms the object.

3. The industrial production using electric welding. At the beginning of the welding electrode in contact with the base time of the subject, when the electric arc is not ignited. By welding cables flowing maximum electric current. So in this short time the cables begin to move, to twitch. To explain this phenomenon in terms of the classical theory of electrical current, and it is impossible.

4. In addition it is impossible to explain the phenomenon of static electricity. When rubbing amber and amber wool and wool are dielectrics.

The theoretical assumption

Perhaps the electric current is not orderly movement of electrons, and the orderly movement of the atomic nuclei of a substance that conducts electricity.

Let us try to substantiate this assumption.

Let the electric current is orderly fluctuation nuclei of the atoms of the conductor.

The nucleus of the atom under the influence of an electric current

In the absence of electrical current in the center of the core rests atom, and when an electric current begins to rotate. And if the current flows through a conductor from you, then the core is rotated clockwise, and in the flow of current to you, counterclockwise.

This hypothesis easily explains the phenomenon of magnetism. Consider the schematic easiest bar magnet.

For simplicity, assume that a bar magnet has a coil of wire. The right to conduct current comes from us and left us to the wire. Accordingly, the right of the conductor nucleus of an atom will rotate clockwise, and the left of the conductor core counterclockwise. All atoms of a bar magnet core will shift to the top. Accordingly, the top will be S at the bottom of N. In case of failure of electric current kernel again occupy his position. Accordingly, the reverse process. When making a permanent magnet in the atoms of the conductor cores begin to unwind the coil, depending on the polarity of the magnet in one direction or another. This hypothesis is confirmed by the experience of other electrical.

If such a ferromagnetic rod wound 100 turns of wire, then the same wire to bend and wind to the other side of the same 100 vit Cove of the same wire, the resistance of this inductor is infinite AC.

Accordingly, the core in the right Explorer will rotate clockwise, and the left the same conductor in a clockwise direction and the displacement of the atomic nuclei in the bar magnet will not happen.

This hypothesis can confirm other more complex electrical experience.

Take an ordinary solenoid. Hang it on the thread in such a position that if it is supplied with current, with the condition that has arisen in the solenoid's magnetic field is perpendicular to the earth's magnetic field. This is to ensure that the earth's magnetic field does not affect the carrying out of the experience. Thus we can shake the coil to almost any amplitude. The alternating voltage applied to the solenoid of course must match the frequency of oscillation of the solenoid. This experiment is shown in the figure below.

Rocking solenoid is due to the fact that, upon application of a solenoid current all nuclei of atoms simultaneously begin to move in one direction, there is respectively a pulse and the solenoid will swing in the same direction and which is directed movement of these cores.

The first impulse when the solenoid is the most rejected, will move in the opposite direction and at the moment it passes the rest point should be turned off current. The nuclei of the atoms return to their original place of willows solenoid again arise momentum only in the opposite direction. Immediately after passing the solenoid rest point should again apply for his current only reverse polarity, and the passage of the solenoid rest point in the opposite direction of the current is switched off.

Thus, the solenoid can shake up any amplitude.

This effect is very good to hear. If the solenoid is installed vertically and to submit to it an alternating electrical current, you will hear a buzz. That eats solenoid varies top to the bottom. Varies it with the frequency with which it is supplied to the AC voltage. In fact, engineering problem boils down to in order to make the solenoid vary not milestones in the bottom in one place, and that it fluctuated in the top to the top to the top.

One can cite another example of the school curriculum. Known to all experience attract and repel each other conductors. Experience is that if two parallel conductors passing a current in one direction, the conductors will be attracted to each other. If the current goes thereon in different directions, they repel each other. The trick lies in the fact that the conductors must always be powered by a single power supply, or experience fails or partially succeeds.

This theory is confirmed by the experience of other, more complicated. Take a full-bodied metal ball from a ferromagnet. We wound him two perpendicular windings A and B. The windings will provide a variety of AC sinusoidal voltage are shifted relative to each other by 90 degrees. Drawing on the ball winder is shown below. In this case, you can change the ball's weight without changing its mass.

All atomic nuclei ball will move in the ball not only in the top to the bottom, and in the plane of the figure number of pages. Which are listed below.

And not strange force is directed to the top will appear in the bowl. And the ball is either lose weight or begin to move with acceleration in the tighter side.

This phenomenon occurs when rotating gyroscopes, only in a more complex physical system.

The performed experiments show very low efficiency unsupported engine, only about 7%. Below are supplied to the sine coil of the ball.

The frequency supplied to the coil A.

The frequency supplied to the coil B.

This experience is the easiest way to hold the ball hanging on a thin thread long, and after applying a voltage to notice the deviation from the vertical axis of the ball. For winding energization current amplifiers is required to use, instead of voltage amplifiers, otherwise deviations will not occur.

This phenomenon can be used for the extraction of rare earth and precious metals moving in space and so on. etc.

print version
Author: Vladimir Sizov
PS material is protected.
Date 01.08.2004gg

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