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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2091951
DEVICE FOR PHASE overvoltage protection
semiconductor converters
Name of applicant: Ural Branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Transport
Name of the inventor: Novikov OI
The name of the patentee: Ural Branch of the All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Transport
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.10.21
Device for overvoltage protection of three-phase semiconductor converter feeding shifted by 120 electrical degrees stresses of valve windings of the converter transformer, comprising three protection windings mounted on the magnetic core of the converter transformer and connected in a star, characterized in that the introduced phase rectifier configured Bridged two arrester with spark gaps and the two damping resistor, with a total point of the star connected to the like outputs of the first and second protective windings with opposite conclusion of the third protective winding disparate conclusions of protective windings are connected to the terminals AC three-phase rectifier, the first conclusions damping resistors through gaps with spark gaps are connected to opposite-polarity dc terminals of three-phase rectifier bridge, while the second terminals of the damping resistors connected to the windings of the combined protective conclusions through one output terminal of the converter transformer valve winding
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to converter equipment and is intended for overvoltage protection of power semiconductor converters.
For all variants of the device of the invention is a prototype of overvoltage protection, which contains three protective coil mounted on the yoke converter transformer and connected in a star, and three pairs of anti-parallel connected thyristors, connected to the terminals compartmentalized protective windings. The general point of the star defensive windings united their same conclusions. Thyristor control devices at certain times are unlocked, and short-circuited protective winding, dissipating the energy of the overvoltage, limit their amplitude. Thyristors are designed to operate at low temperatures, can dissipate little energy and are damaged, if energy dissipation briefly excessively heated. Therefore, the use of thyristors for absorbing surge energy, the magnitude of which varies within wide limits, reduces the reliability of the known device.
The invention is based on the fact that the protection device is made on the basis of three mounted on the magnetic circuit winding converter transformer protection, complement the three-phase bridge rectifier, two arresters with spark gaps and two dropping resistor. Resistance damping resistors take less than the required by the amount of resistance of protective windings. Protective coil connected by a star pattern, in which the common point of the same name are combined conclusions of the two windings and the opposite conclusion of the third winding. The overall conclusion of damping resistors connected or via the output gate winding converter transformer or through his body with a combined output of protective windings.
The technical result of all embodiments of the invention the device is characterized by an increase in reliability and is achieved through the replacement of less reliable elements (thyristors with control devices) more reliable elements (diodes), dischargers (resistors). At the same time the union at a common point of the windings of the star defensive dissimilar (one winding) and the same name (two windings) findings and the inclusion of the protection of three-phase bridge rectifier circuit (1-4 were claims) provides in voltage dischargers pause that facilitate blanking arresters escort after the surge current limiting and further improve reliability. Resistance Selection of damping resistors using the active resistance of protective winding converter transformer (items 2 and 4 claims) provides a simplification of the device protection by reducing power and improving the mass-dimensional indicators damping resistors. Use as a current-carrying element of protection device or output gate converter transformer winding or a housing (1 and 3 of the claims) allows the use of the invention without increasing the number of converter transformer bushings, through which the windings are connected to the protective chains protecting the device.
FIG. 1 and 2 show circuit diagrams of the protected object and protection device from its overvoltage.
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Protected object (1 and 2) consists of one converter transformer to the network 2, gate 3 and 4 protective windings which respectively have output terminals 5 and 6, semiconductor transducer 7 pin 8 for connecting a load (not shown). The windings 2 are connected to the three-phase mains. Line voltage and the voltage of windings 2, 3 and 4 have a phase shift of 120 electrical degrees. The converter 7 is connected to terminals 5 and voltage windings 3.
The security device (Figures 1 and 2) comprises a three-phase rectifier 9 formed by a three-phase diode bridge circuit, two of the arrester with spark gaps 10 and 11. The two damping resistor Conclusions alternating current rectifier 9 are connected to the terminals 6 of the windings 4. The first terminal of the resistor 11 through gaps 10 are connected to the bipolar terminals of the rectifier 9. The second general conclusions resistors 11 are connected or via pin 5 of the winding 3 (1) or the housing 12 of the transformer 1 (2) to a common point of the windings 4 stars, connected by a same name ( two windings 4) and oppositely (one winding 4) conclusions. With this connection, the winding 4 of the voltage on pin 6 have a phase shift of 60 electrical degrees. The resistance of the resistor 11 is less than required by an amount which is equal to the active resistance of the winding 4.
SURGE PROTECTION WORKS AS FOLLOWS
In the absence of overvoltage windings 1 of the transformer and the spark gaps applied voltage dischargers 10 of the periodic pulse train converter circuit 7, which are formed of a rectifier 9 plots sinusoids voltage winding 4. The voltage pulses have a duration on the base, which is not more than 300 electrical degrees. The duration of the pauses between the voltage pulses is not less than 60 electrical degrees. The amplitude of the voltage pulse is amplitude sinusoids voltage winding 4, a voltage proportional to the amplitude sinusoids windings 2, 3, and less than the breakdown voltage of the spark gaps 10. Each spark gap arrester 10 monitors the instantaneous voltage of the transformer windings 2-4 1 for times equal to the duration of voltage pulses, which are applied to the spark gap arrester. Two arrester 10 provide continuous monitoring of the instantaneous value of the voltage of the transformer windings 2-4 1.
When a dangerous surge in the value of the windings of the transformer 1 in order to drive 7 breaks the spark gap arrester 10 and the corresponding current appears in its chain, which is limited by the resistance of the winding 4, the resistor 11 and proceeds or terminal 5 (1) or to the body 12 (Figure 2). The flow of current in the circuit of the triggered spark gap 10 is accompanied by dissipation in the resistor 11 and the active resistance of the winding 4 Energy Surge and limiting its value to a safe level.
After the surge arrester limitation circuit 11, a spark gap which made the way, he continues to follow current to flow under the influence of the voltage windings 4. Accompanying current flows as long as the voltage of the spark gap 10 is not reduced to zero and starts pause. During the pause time the spark gap arrester 10, which flows in the circuit follow current, restores the ability to withstand voltage windings 4 and breaks, when a voltage is applied to it the next pulse. Duration of follow current flow is determined by the time of occurrence with respect to the surge voltage pulse. The time allowed for recovery of electric strength of the spark gap, equal to the length of the pause between the voltage pulses that are applied to a single surge 10.
CLAIM
A device for surge protection of three-phase solid state drive, eating shifted by 120 el.grad. voltage from gate windings converter transformer comprising three protective windings mounted on the magnetic core of the converter transformer and connected in a star, characterized in that the introduced phase rectifier configured by a bridge circuit, two of the arrester with spark gaps and two damping resistor, and a common point Star connected with the same name findings of the first and second protective windings with opposite conclusion of the third protective winding disparate conclusions of protective windings are connected to the terminals AC three-phase rectifier, the first conclusions damping resistors via arresters with spark gaps are connected to the bipolar terminals DC three-phase rectifier bridge, while the second conclusions damping resistors connected to the combined conclusions of protective windings via the output terminal of one of the valve coils converter transformer.
Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the extinguishing resistors have lower resistance to a desired value, which is the active resistance of protective windings.
A device for surge protection of three-phase solid state drive, eating shifted by 120 el.grad. voltage from gate windings converter transformer comprising three protective windings mounted on the magnetic core of the converter transformer and connected in a star, characterized in that the introduced phase rectifier configured by a bridge circuit, two of the arrester with spark gaps and two damping resistor, and a common point Star connected with the same name findings of the first and second protective windings with opposite conclusion of the third protective winding disparate conclusions of protective windings are connected to the terminals AC three-phase rectifier, the first conclusions damping resistors via arresters with spark gaps are connected to the bipolar terminals DC three-phase rectifier bridge, while the second conclusions damping resistors connected to the combined conclusions of protective winding through the converter transformer housing.
Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the extinguishing resistors have lower resistance to a desired value, which is the active resistance of protective windings.
print version
Publication date 03.12.2006gg
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