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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2259627
POWERFUL TRIAC current regulator and voltage

TRIAC current stabilizer. VOLTAGE REGULATOR. POWERFUL STAB current and voltage. KNOW-HOW. INTRODUCTION. PATENT. TECHNOLOGIES.

INVENTION. POWERFUL TRIAC current regulator and voltage. Russian Federation Patent RU2259627

The applicant's name: Open Joint Stock Company "Concern" Izhmash "(RU); Subsidiary Open Joint Stock Company" Izhevsk Arms Factory "(RU)
Name of the inventor: Tarasov VT (RU); Gagarin AA (RU); Kovalev II (RU)
The name of the patentee: Open Joint Stock Company "Concern" Izhmash "(RU); Subsidiary Open Joint Stock Company" Izhevsk Arms Factory "(RU)
Address for correspondence: 426006, Izhevsk, etc. Deryabin, 3, JSC "Concern" Izhmash ", a new technology department, patents and information.
Starting date of the patent: 2003.08.07

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in a variety of automatic control devices that require current or voltage stabilization and, correspondingly, the other parameters that depend on them. It can be used, for example, to supply electroplating devices during electrochemical metal deposition. and it is possible to use as the arc stabilizer and regulator parameters stabilizer velocity universal collector motors. Thyristor current stabilizer contains a thyristor control element in the chain of the power transformer primary winding to the secondary winding of which through the power rectifier connected to the current sensor to the output of which is connected load, low-power transformer primary winding is connected with the findings for the network connection, and the secondary winding is connected to the input bridge rectifier, pulse position control circuit configured in the form of a microelectronic voltage regulator and a comparator, wherein: the output microelectronic voltage regulator is connected via an integrating circuit to the inverting input of the comparator, which through synchronizing diode connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier to the output of which is connected a resistive divider from two resistors, the common point of which through the bias resistor is connected to the output of microelectronic voltage regulator, a non-inverting input of the comparator is connected to a voltage reference, a feedback output of microelectronic voltage regulator via the voltage divider is connected to the positive terminal of the current sensor, which is across the series-connected limiting resistor and reference diode connected to a reference voltage source, series-connected thyristors optocoupler LEDs connected to the output of the comparator and the power microelectronic voltage regulator, comparator and reference voltage through a decoupling diode connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier. The technical result - increasing the reliability and rate stabilization.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in a variety of automatic control devices that require current or voltage stabilization and, correspondingly, the other parameters that depend on them.

It can be used, for example, to supply electroplating devices during electrochemical metal deposition.

and it is possible to use as the arc stabilizer and regulator parameters stabilizer velocity universal collector motors.

Known control scheme for AC inductive load control [1] ( "Thyristors" (technical reference), M .: Energia, 1971, str.238, ris.9-31) containing thyristor control element in the primary winding circuit power transformers, step-down transformer to supply power control circuit (main) thyristors, pulse position control circuit in the unijunction transistor with RC-circuit and isolating transformer.

The disadvantage of this device is the large power loss in the power thyristor control circuits, high sensitivity to interference because of the unijunction transistor, and a large initial inclusion angle (angle of lag) power thyristors, i.e. their inability to work in a diode mode and to obtain the maximum power load.

The closest to the proposed stabilizer is a thyristor DC [2] (Author's Certificate USSR №748382, cl. G 05 F 1/56, 1980), containing thyristor control element in the chain of the power transformer AC voltage to the secondary winding is connected to a rectifier connected to the output terminals, pulse position control circuit in the unijunction transistor with RC-circuit, the input of which is connected with leads for connection of the supply voltage, waiting of multi-flop, the threshold key node resistive current sensor and a voltage divider, the first - trigger input-flop is connected to the output pulse position control circuit, the second - the control input is connected via a resistor divider to the output of the rectifier, the third - the lock input is connected via a threshold key node with a resistive current sensor to the output of the rectifier circuit, and the multivibrator output is connected to the control input of the thyristor controller, which is designed to optocoupler thyristors .

The disadvantages are its low coefficient of stabilization due to the absence of a differential amplifier feedback loop, large inertia due to the RC-filter.

and the lack of it is low reliability due to the fact that the pulse position control circuit is configured to unijunction transistor having a high sensitivity to noise and switching optocoupler thyristors made short pulses after differentiation, the duration of which does not always exceed the phase shift between voltage and current, leading to passes half-cycles, magnetization of the magnetic core of a power transformer and a sharp increase in primary current.

[1] str.238 it is known that for an inductive load thyristor control signal must have a duration equal to its conduction interval. This stabilizer is a requirement is not met, and therefore the reliability of its work in the conditions of production is impossible and contrived parameters such as "soft" network connection only once again to emphasize its imperfections.

The object of the proposed invention is to increase the coefficient of stabilization srednevypryamlennogo current, increasing reliability by eliminating false positives when using the load of any nature, including the load from the back emf, the ability to adjust the output current from zero to a maximum value.

To perform the tasks thyristor current stabilizer comprising:

  • thyristor control element in the chain of the power transformer primary winding to the secondary winding through which a current sensor is connected the power rectifier, whose output is connected to the load,
  • low-power transformer primary winding is connected with the findings for the network connection, and the secondary winding is connected to the input of the bridge rectifier,
  • pulse position control circuit configured as a voltage stabilizer and microelectronic comparator.

New in the proposed invention is the presence of micro-electronic voltage regulator, and a comparator.

Wherein:

  • microelectronic output voltage regulator is connected via an integrating circuit to the inverting input of the comparator, which is connected via the synchronization diode to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier, which is connected to the output resistor divider of two resistors, the common point through which the bias resistor is connected to the output of the voltage regulator microelectronic,
  • a non-inverting input of the comparator is connected to a reference voltage source,
  • microelectronic feedback output voltage stabilizer through the voltage divider is connected to the positive terminal of the sensor current, which are connected via a series limiting resistor and diode connected to a comparison reference voltage source,
  • series-connected LEDs optocoupler thyristors connected to the output of the comparator, and power microelectronic voltage regulator, comparator and voltage reference via the decoupling diode is connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier.

TRIAC current stabilizer

1 shows a circuit diagram of a thyristor regulator

TRIAC current stabilizer

Figure 2 - diagrams of voltages and currents.

Thyristor current stabilizer comprising:

  • Thyristor control element (1, 2) in the primary circuit of the power transformer winding (3), a secondary winding through which a current sensor (4) connected to the power rectifier (5), which is connected to the output load (6),
  • a low-power transformer (7), whose primary winding is connected to terminals for connecting network (8) and the secondary winding is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier (9)
  • pulse position control circuit configured in the form of a microelectronic voltage regulator (10) and a comparator (11).

Wherein:

  • yield microelectronic voltage regulator (10) is connected via an integrating circuit (12) to the inverting input of the comparator (11) which, via sync diode (13) connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier (9) to whose output is connected resistive divider (14) of the two resistors, the common point through which the bias resistor (15) connected to the output of microelectronic voltage regulator (10)
  • a non-inverting input of the comparator (11) connected to a reference voltage source (16),
  • microelectronic feedback output voltage stabilizer (10) via a voltage divider (17) is connected to the positive terminal of the current sensor (4) which is connected via a series limiting resistor (18) and comparing the diode (19) connected to a reference voltage source (16),
  • serially coupled LEDs optocoupler thyristors (1, 2) connected to the output of the comparator (11) and power microelectronic voltage regulator (10), a comparator (11) and a reference voltage source (16) through a decoupling diode (20) connected to the positive terminal bridge rectifier (9).

Implementation of the proposed device does not meet the fundamental difficulties.

The thyristor current stabilizer operates as follows: at the initial moment, after connecting it to the network terminals (8), the output voltage microelectronic stabilizer (10) there is a voltage close to its maximum value. As a result, output from the integrating circuit (12) to the inverting input of the comparator begins to flow at twice the mains frequency sawtooth voltage synchronized with the network via synchronization diode (13) at the zero crossing half-cycles of the rectified voltage rectifier bridge (9) (see. The dotted line of FIG .2).

In turn, the output from the microelectronic voltage stabilizer (10) via the bias resistor (15) to the common point of the resistive divider (14) receives the bias voltage Ucm., Determining the DC component of the sawtooth voltage.

Since the bias voltage Ub. exceeds the reference voltage Uop., supplied to non-inverting input of the comparator (11), the latter is open, and the LEDs optocoupler thyristors (1, 2) takes a constant current i St. 1, 2 (see FIG. 2 g).

This leads to opto opening dinistorov thyristors (1, 2) at the beginning of each half cycle of mains voltage, similarly antiparallel switched diodes and the appearance at the output of the rectifier circuit (5) of the maximum voltage.

Through the load (6), a constant current begins to flow. On the output current sensor (4) there is a voltage which via a voltage divider (17) is applied to microelectronic feedback output voltage stabilizer (10). Once this voltage is proportional to the current in the load (6), exceeds the reference voltage microelectronic stabilizer (10), the latter "podzakryvaetsya" and its output voltage decreases. This reduces the bias voltage Ub. and, consequently, to reduce DC component of the sawtooth voltage.

As a result, the inverting input of the comparator (11) begins to exceed the sawtooth voltage Uon. not at the beginning of the half-period, and starting from a certain angle, determined by the position of the engine, the voltage divider (17) (see para. 2c).

Thus the output of the comparator (11), the current through the LEDs St i. 1, 2 opto-thyristors (1, 2) has a pulse shape, the length of which (C) proportional to the current in the load (6).

While sliding voltage divider (17) towards increasing the voltage supplied from the current sensor (4) to output the feedback microelectronic voltage regulator (10), the latter "podzakryvaetsya" stronger at its output voltage decreases, the bias voltage Ub. It becomes even smaller, and sawtooth voltage exceeds Uop. Only at the end of half cycle (sm.fig.2b).

The duration of the current pulses through the optocoupler LED thyristors (1, 2) become even less (B) < (C) and, accordingly, has become smaller current load (6).

To carry out the adjustment of current in the load (6) from zero to a maximum value (in the absence of current in the load (6) and, respectively, the voltage from the current sensor 4 microelectronic voltage regulator (10) can not be closed), a feedback circuit due to the reference voltage source (16) through a comparison of the diode (19) and limiting resistor (18) is energized, which, at the extreme position of the engine of the voltage divider (17), defines the minimum load current (6), it is sufficient for the complete closing of microelectronic regulator voltage (10).

In this case the output voltage of the last minimum, Ub. a little, saw-tooth voltage is less than Uop., a comparator (11) is closed, optronic thyristors (1.2) are closed, the current in the load (6) is equal to zero (see FIG. 2).

Increase in the load current from zero to the set takes place as follows.

While sliding voltage divider (17) in the direction of increasing the current in the load (6) of the voltage supplied from the reference voltage source (16) is not enough to close the microelectronic voltage regulator (10). As a result, the last output voltage increases, the voltage begins to ramp partially exceed Uon, opened comparator (11) and opto thyristors (1, 2) -. In the load (6) there is a current.

On the current output of the sensor (4) there is a voltage comparison diode (19) is closed and the device automatically switches to the stabilization of a given current mode.

In comparison with the known proposed device has a high coefficient of stabilization srednevypryamlennogo current, changing the mains voltage and load resistance, by using a feedback circuit microelectronic voltage stabilizer and a comparator having a high gain.

In comparison with the known control signal input to the opto thyristors, it has a rectangular shape and its duration is equal to the conduction angle of the thyristors optocoupler. This allows the device to work smoothly on a large inductive load, where the phase angle between voltage and current can reach considerable size. Anti-parallel thyristors and optoelectronic switching control signal presence throughout the conduction angle on the thyristors both allows them to work without interruption to the load with the emf.

This is because at any time during the conduction angle may occur depending on the anode voltage or the inclusion of one another photocouple SCR ie reactive energy exchange is possible between the load and the network, and thus, damping of transients occur in the load.

The proposed device can be stabilized srednevypryamlennogo voltage if the feedback circuit to apply the voltage from the output of the power rectifier.

Proposed stabilizer, without significant changes in the pattern may carry a current or voltage stabilization power not only in the primary circuit of the transformer, and the secondary, and the variant stabilization without a transformer.

CLAIM

Thyristor current stabilizer containing thyristor control element in the chain of the power transformer primary winding to the secondary winding of which through the power rectifier connected to the current sensor to the output of which is connected load, low-power transformer primary winding is connected with the findings for the network connection, and the secondary winding is connected to the input bridge rectifier, pulse position control circuit, characterized in that the pulse position control circuit is implemented as a microelectronic voltage regulator and a comparator, the output of microelectronic voltage regulator is connected via an integrating circuit to the inverting input of the comparator, which through synchronizing diode connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier, to the output of which is connected a resistor divider of two resistors, the common point of which through the bias resistor is connected to the output of microelectronic voltage regulator, a non-inverting input of the comparator is connected to a reference voltage source, the feedback output of microelectronic voltage regulator via the voltage divider is connected to the positive terminal of the current sensor, which through series-connected limiting resistor and diode connected to the comparison reference voltage source, series-connected thyristors optocoupler LEDs connected to the output of the comparator and the power microelectronic voltage regulator, comparator and reference voltage through a decoupling diode connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier.

print version
Publication date 18.12.2006gg