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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2075295
DEVICE FOR ANIMAL RESPONSE
Applicant's name: Evgeny Borisovich Korotkov; Kudryavtsev Vladimir Petrovich; Terekhov Sergey Konstantinovich; Shkarpet Vyacheslav Erikovich
The name of the inventor: Korotkov Evgeniy Borisovich; Kudryavtsev Vladimir Petrovich; Terekhov Sergey Konstantinovich; Shkarpet Vyacheslav Erikovich
The name of the patent holder: Korotkov Evgeniy Borisovich; Kudryavtsev Vladimir Petrovich; Terekhov Sergey Konstantinovich; Shkarpet Vyacheslav Erikovich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1993.07.23
Use: scaring devices, fighting rodents.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The acoustic radiation generator is made with a fixed frequency of the main harmonic carrier of the audio range. The core of the generator is basically composite and is made of magnetostrictive material and is a mechanical resonator whose tuning affects the electrical characteristics of the generator. The effect of the effect is enhanced by the high quality of the resonance system, the stability of the radiation power over tens of minutes, the choice of the frequency range in the range from 0.8 to 12 kHz, and the presence of an electromagnetic field around the device.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to frightening devices with means for generating audible signals, and is intended primarily to combat pests, for example mice and rats.
A device is known for realizing a method for controlling rodents (1) , including a generator of a carrier signal with a frequency of 50-500 Hz , an amplitude modulator in the range of 50-30 Hz, and an acoustic system that converts the carrier signal into sound.
The low-frequency sound spectrum is a stable repellent signal, imitating a growl, of a large animal that reliably frightens small rodents.
However, the constant absence of the very "bearer" of awesome sounds sharply weakens the psychophysiological impact on rodents. In this case, the negative impact on humans is significantly less important, since rodents appear exclusively in the absence of humans and, accordingly, when personnel enter the field of action of such devices, it is advisable to turn them off without violating the functions of scaring off rodents.
It is also known a device that implements a method for controlling rodents (2) , including a carrier oscillator with a frequency of 2-10 Hz , an amplitude modulator in the range 0.1-10 Hz, and an acoustic system for converting the signal to sound.
The device working in the field of infrasound, indeed, not only has a psychophysiological effect on rodents, but also ensures the destruction of their thin tissues, especially the nerve nodes, physically destroying them.
However, infrasound acts in a similar manner and on a human. In addition, infrasound has the ability to penetrate through any barriers for a considerable distance. At the same time, its impact can not be fixed without special equipment, which in the conditions of a conventional storage facility will lead to death or serious illness of service personnel, even if the personnel are not directly in the room where such a device is installed.
The device closest to the technical essence, the achieved result , and the purpose of the analogue prototype of the invention is the device for scaring animals and birds (3), which includes an acoustic radiation generator with a fixed frequency of the main carrier of the harmonic of the sound range.
This and similar device from time immemorial was used with great success to deter unwanted animals and birds. The generator of acoustic radiation in the form of a ratchet creates a sharp monotonous sound or, in other words, a sound signal with a fixed frequency of its main carrier harmonic acting irritatingly on living organisms, especially those that are unable to consciously rebuild from it, for example, pests. In this case, the prolonged and repeated use of such agents produces a negative reflex in the animal, which further strengthens the repelling effect. Therefore, the constant tone of the acoustic signal plays an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of the repellent of a similar type.
However, the generator of acoustic radiation in the form of a turntable, driven by the user's hand, has a strict dependence of the tone of sound on the rotational speed of the device, which can vary over a wide range, and the cumulative radiating work of heterogeneous parts in geometry and material forming the turntable creates additional tones of sound, Enriching the sound and reducing the irritating factor. The aim of the invention is to resolve the emerging contradiction between the need to ensure a strict consistency of tone or frequency at the time of sound or greater repellent performance of the scaring device and the technical difficulties of accurately reproducing a fixed value of the acoustic emission frequency.
The aim is achieved in that, in an animal repelling device, comprising an acoustic emission generator with a fixed frequency of the main harmonic carrier of the sound range, the acoustic radiation generator is designed as an induction radiator with a core made of a magnetostrictive material. In addition, the value of the carrier parameter of the acoustic harmonic of the magnetostrictive radiator is selected discretely from the range of 0.8-12 kHz .
In addition, the magnetostrictive core can be made composite in at least two parts.
In addition, the clearances between the parts of the core are advantageously carried out with the possibility of regulation.
In addition, the induction radiator can be equipped with additional magnetization means.
In comparison with the prototype, the invention has a new set of essential features, that is, it meets the criterion of "novelty".
The set of distinctive features of the invention among solutions known in science and technology (in the scope of our search) was not found. This allows us to assert that the invention corresponds to the criterion of "essential differences".
The totality of the general and particular essential features of the invention ensures achievement of the objective of the invention.
Indeed, the implementation of an acoustic radiation generator in the form of an induction radiator with a core made of a magnetostrictive material makes it possible, due to a significant increase in the energy absorbed at resonance by the magnetostrictive core of such a radiator, to have a stabilizing effect on the exciting coil, maintaining the generation frequency constant to within a fraction of a percentage . The degree of stabilization is determined by the mechanical quality factor of the magnetostrictive resonator, made in the form of an induction-type core, and the stability of its parameters over time.
In this case, the selective nature of the proposed magnetostrictive generator of repellent radiation should be determined by a discrete frequency value from the range of 0.8-12 kHz , since there are at least two criteria for this choice: the audible range of maximum audibility for small animals, which is determined by the values of the 3- 12 kHz , and the carrier frequencies of the spectra of anxiety sounds in the considered class of animals, the values of which are close to 0.8 ; 2.4 ; 3.6 kHz .
Thus, the strict selectivity of the radiation frequency, on the one hand, creates the effect of a sharp annoying sound signal, and the feeding of such a signal in the specific value of the carrier frequency of the spectrum of the alarm sounds produced by animals on which the deterrent action of the device is aimed, together in the effect of its work in the field of maximum Hearing of sounds by such animals, allow us to state that the stated contradiction determining the purpose of the invention is allowed, and the invention meets the criterion of "positive effect".
In addition, the performance of the magnetostrictive core by the composite allows to significantly increase the quality factor of the device due to the mutually resonance action of the parts of the core that are identical in geometry and to provide the radiation directivity to the sector of the working room selected for action when the core parts are unequal in geometry due to the resonant suppression of the part of the radiator with mass and geometric dimensions , Much smaller than in the other part, and the radiation direction is oriented toward a smaller part of the core relatively larger.
In addition, the implementation of gaps between the parts of the core with the possibility of regulation ensures that the device is quickly reconfigured to a different frequency in the selected range, which enhances the effect of the device when it is used for a long time and the possibility of accustoming some individuals of undesirable animals to one tone (frequency).
In addition, the supply of an induction radiator with means of additional magnetization makes it possible to regulate the radiation frequency, taking into account that the nonlinearity of the properties of the magnetostrictive material is expressed primarily in doubling the frequency of the core-induced oscillations with respect to its value directly in the feedback loop of the electric self-oscillator into which the radiator enters . Therefore, by introducing additional magnetization this effect is completely or partially eliminated, which makes it possible to regulate the ratio of the amplitudes of the determining harmonics of the radiation. The analysis shows that all of the general and particular features of the invention are significant, since each is necessary, and together they are sufficient to achieve the object of the invention.
At the same time, this analysis confirms the existence of a single inventive concept and a single goal of the invention, which makes it possible to combine additional items in one claim and in one application for an invention.
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The device consists of a power supply 1, an autogenerator of a sinusoidal electrical signal 2 and a magnetostrictive radiator 3 in accordance with the block diagram of FIG. 1 . In this case, the excitation coil of the magnetostrictive radiator is simultaneously an integral part of the self-oscillating circuit, and the resonating core of the radiator 3 is simultaneously a frequency filter, a parametric resonator, a transducer and a sound emitter.
The operation of the proposed device is carried out, for example, in accordance with the schematic diagram of FIG. 2 , where:
- G power supply,
- S key,
- R1.R5 resistors,
- C1.C3 capacitors,
- L1 inductor with core and magnetostrictive material,
- VT1, VT2 transistors.
The ratings are, respectively: 4.5 V, 300 Ω, 300 Ω, 15 kΩ, 15 kΩ, 15 Ω, (3900, 300, 300, pF) , transistors KT3102, KT3107 .
In this case, in the absence of a magnetizing winding or its partial decrease in the effect and taking into account the nonlinear properties of magnetostriction, the device doubles the operating frequency of the circuit when it is converted into acoustic radiation.
Such an implementation of the device allows for a discrete (quantized) displacement of the acoustic frequency of the device near the value of the fundamental carrier frequency, i.e., to perform discrete frequency modulation.
By discrete modulation is meant not a monotonous change in frequency, but a stepwise, with a time delay at each of the stages, due to the nonlinear effects of the magnetostrictive material.
Such a device allows one to influence, on the one hand, a hard, most annoying tonality, and, on the other hand, not to allow the adaptation of a living organism to a specific repellent signal.
So the device in the interpretation considered on the example operates at a frequency of 2 kHz with a doubling to 4 kHz .
At the same time, experiments have shown that the central carrier frequencies of repellant sounds have a value of 0.8; 2.4; 3.6; 4; 8; 12 kHz .
In addition, experimentally confirmed the presence of the proposed device significant electromagnetic component, which is also actively acting on rodents.
Practical testing of the proposed device in pantries, cellars, cottages and storage facilities has shown its high efficiency.
CLAIM
A device for scaring animals, comprising an acoustic radiation generator with a fixed frequency of the main harmonic carrier of the sound range, characterized in that the acoustic radiation generator is made in the form of an induction radiator with a magnetostrictive core.
The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the value of the carrier-harmonic parameter of the acoustic radiation of the magnetostrictive radiator is selected in the range of 0.8-12.0 kHz .
The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the magnetostrictive core is made up of at least two parts.
The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gaps between the core portions are adjustable.
The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the induction radiator is provided with additional magnetization means.
print version
Date of publication 11/28/2006
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