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METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SAVING ENERGY
The application for the invention of the Russian Federation -FIPS number 2004134418 with the priority from 11.26.04
Floor. FIPS decision to grant a patent - March 2005
Dudyshev Valery, Russia, Samara
Samara Technical University
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to power semiconductor converters controlled voltage regulators and more particularly, to devices and save energy brushless reactive power compensators.
The closest device for the same purpose to the claimed utility model, a set of attributes is a valve device of reactive power compensation of inductive load, comprising a power-driven valves and power capacitors - prototype (Supronovich GA "Improving Power factor converting installations", M .: Energoatomisdat, 1986, p. 66).
With all the advantages of the prototype, the existing device to save power in a controlled capacitor bank is quite expensive and cumbersome and does not provide sufficiently complete reactive power compensation, especially in dynamic modes changes the load power factor.
Furthermore, capacitor banks have low reliability under overvoltages in the case of high power inductive loads operating in condenser mode dynamic reactive power compensator -prototip- quite expensive to implement and unreliable operation .i. Therefore, actual capacitor banks as the reactive power compensators are of limited use, especially in urban and main power networks, and as a result, there is a significant cost overruns electricity consumers and electricity costs. In the context of the steady increase in electricity prices, this problem of increasing the power factor of electrical installations is becoming more acute. The purpose of the invention is to find new and highly efficient method of grounding and load reactive power compensation device to increase the input power factor of the network with respect to a given load, and without any power capacitors.
The technical result of the invention is to improve the energy saving device, taken as a prototype and which leads to the elimination of sharing reactive load circuit power and mains input and hence to considerable energy savings.
This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device comprising a valve device of reactive power inductive load compensation, including a power-driven valves and power capacitors, due to the introduction of the original, fully controllable voltage regulator, which is by eliminating reactive power exchange circuit inductive load and electrical network AC stabilizing effect is achieved automatically input power factor at a level close to unity, the change in the nature and magnitude of the load in a wide range without any power compensating capacitors.
FIG. 1 shows the apparatus in a single-phase power-saving performance, FIG. 2 -Show device energy-saving three-phase design. The electrical network 1 is connected via a voltage regulator 2 to the electric inductive load 3. FIG. 1 shows an inductive load, such as a single-phase voltage transformer with the primary winding 4 of the voltage regulator is attached to the power part 5 of the secondary winding 2 and 6, attached to an electrical load 7 useful. Power Section 5 of the voltage regulator 2 is provided with a fully controllable semiconductor switches and two-way conductivity is bonded to the control circuit 8 to a control system 9, containing 10 of the phase shift angle sensor, voltage and load current and formers 11 regulator control pulse 2. The voltage sensor 12 and current sensor 13 are connected via respective formers 14, 15 to the inputs of a logic circuit 16 type "and -" appropriate intervals voltage constant sign and current, the output of which is attached to the system of generating control pulses 11 containing the regulator duty cycle 17, for example, one-shot and the pulse generator 18, for example, the type of Royer oscillator, voltage regulator on the power valve control inputs 19 February shunted counter included zener 20.
Timing diagrams illustrating the operation of the device shown in Figure 3
The voltage regulator operates as follows. With the power supply voltage of the AC network 1 to the power valves 5 on its electrical inductive load 3, there is an AC voltage network and a frequency value determined by a duty ratio regulator 17 and the pulse generator 18. Enable sensor 10, the angle of the phase shift of voltage and load current 3 changes the voltage regulator operation, namely the width of the control pulses with a duty cycle controller output 17 becomes variable as a function of the magnitude of the phase shift angle sensor 10, but rather becomes equal to the duration and of constant sign interval of input current and voltage formed by a logic circuit 16 such as "aND-NOT" This difference gives rise to a new property of the voltage regulator 2, leading to the complete elimination of reactive power exchange circuit between the network 1 and the load 3. Indeed, the command sensor 10 occurs entirely managed switching valve 5 is currently active closure slot leakage component of the total load current input 3, which eliminates the reactive current flow path through the network 1 and the load 3. As a result, stored up in the inductance of the primary circuit 4 3 load energy is transformed into a secondary circuit 6, is electrically attached to the payload 7. This stored energy is consumed, for example, a single-phase induction furnace for further heating of the metal, or in the case of creating a three-phase inductive load in the form of, for example, three-phase asynchronous motor more usable power in the rotor of an induction motor, that is, efficiently used and not wasted on heat loss as before. After alternating interval sensor 10 once again gives the command to switch the power completely regulation valve 5, and the process repeats. Regulation of voltage and active power load 3 is carried controller duty cycle 17 in the interval of constant sign of the input current and voltage. Thus, the regulatory function and stabilization of the output voltage and power from the voltage regulator 2 is stored. 20 Zener remove short-term surge in power valves 5 when the commutation. By eliminating reactive power exchange between the inductive load circuit 3 and the network 1 an effect of automatically stabilizing the input power factor at a level close to unity, the change in the nature and magnitude of the load in a wide range, which results in considerable energy savings. If .induktivnyh load (induction furnaces, transformers, prolonged idling and low load), this saves energy when using this device can reach 30-50%.
The invention can be widely and usefully applied to any electrical circuits where there is a reactive elements from the personal computer and vacuum cleaner, welding transformer, power transformer near your home, and to the power lines in the cities and countries, up to the United World grid. The invention is of world significance and has previously been tested in real-world experiments.
CLAIM
1. The device is energy-saving electrical loads of reactive nature, comprising a semiconductor voltage regulator, wherein the voltage regulator is in a fully controlled keys, for example, power transistors, and is equipped with a system for monitoring and control parameters of the load, the voltage regulator provides regulation of the keys completely full elimination intervals reactive currents flowing between the electrical network and the load in a wide range of load power factor.
2. Device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the two-way valves fully controlled conduction voltage regulator connected in series in phase inductive load and management unit comprises an electronic circuit comprising a device for measuring the phase shift between the phase voltage and load current, and the driver control pulses voltage regulator valves with equal time duration of active power flow from the network to the load.
3. The apparatus of Claim. 1, 2, characterized in that the phase-shift measurement device includes sensors and current phase voltage inductive electrical load, conditioners output signals of these sensors, comparator whose input is connected to the outputs of said signal generators with sensors for logic device fixing signals overlap interval with shapers.
4. The apparatus of claim. 1, characterized in that the controllable valves shunted regulator voltage compensation devices.
ESSAY
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, transformational techniques, namely the energy-saving devices.
The technical result of this model is useful in simplifying and reducing the cost of the known device Energy consumption savings, taken as a prototype and fixes the load reactive power exchange circuit and the mains input and hence to considerable energy savings.
This technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known device comprising a valve device of reactive power inductive load compensation, including a power-driven valves and power capacitors, due to the introduction of the original, fully controllable voltage regulator, which is by eliminating reactive power exchange circuit inductive load and electrical network AC stabilizing effect is achieved automatically input power factor at a level close to unity, the change in the nature and magnitude of the load in a wide range without any power compensating capacitors.
ATTENTION !
Drawings of pilot plants - explanation of the invention - are the know-how of the author and are available
Upon request, on a commercial basis
print version
Author: Dudyshev Valery
PS material is protected.
Publication date 27.02.2005gg
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