Infographics-sammari

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Infographics (from the Latin informatio - information, explanation, presentation, etc. - Greek - written, from - write) is a graphical way of presenting information, data and knowledge, the purpose of which is to quickly and accurately present complex information. One of the forms of information design.

The range of its application is huge: geography, journalism, education, statistics, technical texts. Infographics can not only organize large volumes of information, but also more clearly show the ratio of objects and facts in time and space, and also show trends.

History

wiki In the USSR, infographics were widely used in the design of pavilions of the Exhibition of Economic Achievements, where the "Production and Design Enterprise" (POC VDNKh) was created, which included graduates of the artistic design department of the Moscow State Archive of Memory of 1905 and Moscow State Art Design Institute. Stroganoff.

One of the first in the newspaper began to use a combination of graphics and text publishers USA Today, launched their project in 1982. For several years the newspaper was included in the top five most widely read editions of the country. One of the most notable and sought-after innovations of USA Today are detailed, well-traced pictures with explanatory comments - infographics. American readers quickly understood and took advantage of this method of information transfer - infographics transmitted the message faster than the text (one qualitatively made drawing replaced several pages of text) and more in detail than the standard illustration (thanks to the detailed drawing and exact thesis comments). Over time, it turned out that infographic is not only a technology, not just a sphere of business, but also an art. At the same time, the degree of ownership of this art directly affects the profitability of the publishing business. That is why today such magazines as "Esquire" and "New Yorker" allocate for the creation of infographics 3-4 leading designers and one journalist - the author of the core idea.

One of the pioneers in the creation of interactive graphics can be considered Don Wittekind (Don Wittekind), invited by the newspaper South Florida Sun-Sentinel. The multimedia gallery The Edge, created in Sun-Sentinel using Adobe Director and later transferred to Macromedia Flash, has become a role model for many professionals. Interactive schedule was adopted by other online media.

In Russia in 2011 appeared the magazine "Infographics", the main feature of which was the lack of texts and the presentation of all information in the form of infographics.

Approaches

Infographics - visualization of data or ideas, the purpose of which is to deliver complex information to the audience in a quick and understandable manner. Means of infographics in addition to images can include graphs, diagrams, flow charts, tables, maps, lists.

There are two opposite approaches to the design of infographics, divergent in matters of importance for infographics of aesthetics and ornaments. Behind one of them, explorative, originating in age-old traditions of design of scientific works, stands Edward Tufti, the author of several basic works on information design. He advocates for the minimalist nature of infographics, in which everything that is irrelevant for the transmission of information should be omitted, and the information itself must be conveyed as accurately as possible. The main goal of this approach is the desire to deliver information to the target audience. This approach is justified in scientific work, data analysis, business analytics. Another approach, narrative, narrative, is characteristic of Nigel Holmes, best known for his illustrations of the editorial columns in Time from 1978 to 1994, called him explanation graphics - "explanatory illustrations." This approach is inherent in the desire to create attractive images for the reader, expressive design, illustrative. This is not just getting information, but entertainment for the reader. The sphere of application of this approach can be considered journalism, blogs, marketing and promotional materials. Thus, the research approach implies extracting the necessary information by the reader, while the narrative approach already contains the conclusion to which the reader must come.

Infographics can be used to create a false image of statistical data and the manipulation of public opinion. The use of infographics for these purposes is discussed in detail in the chapter "The One-Dimensional Picture" of the classic book by Darrell Huff "How to lie with the help of statistics".

Features

  • Graphic objects associated with the information presented or being a graphical expression of the directions of the change in the submitted data,
  • Useful information load,
  • Colorful presentation,
  • Clear and meaningful presentation of the topic.

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