Epidote (silicates): Axinite

Semi-precious stones, gems Diagnostic Card.
On the picture. Triclinic crystals axinite from Bourg-d'Uasan (department of Isère, France).

Ca 2 (Fe, Mn) Al 2 BO 3 OH Si 4 O 12
Crystal system triclinic
Hardness of 6.5-7
Specific weight 3,25-3,3
Cleavage is perfect
fracture conchoidal
Color from yellow to brown
Color white powder
Gloss glass

Semi-precious stones, gems

Axinite - is the name of the group, three members of which contain, respectively, iron, magnesium and manganese - ferroaksinit, magnezioaksinit, manganaksinit and tintsenit (Ca-Mn-Fe). Crystals accrued fragmented or connected as a friend, with very sharp edges, wedge-shaped, rich in faces; as well as solid, shelly, lamellar (layered up) units. Cleavage is clear; a density of 3.3; color brown, gray, purple, plum, blue, green, rarely red. Very noticeable pleochroism.

The name is derived from the Greek AXE - Axe for acute wedge-shaped head of the crystal. It has a strong glass luster; characteristic piezoelectric properties. Formed in skarns. It is found in France (Dep. Of Isère), Mexico (Baja California), USA (Calif.). Axinite be confused with smoky quartz.

Chemical composition - unstable, especially on the content of manganese; Magnesium impurity observed, sometimes potassium and sodium. Crystals - usually plate or lanceolate, with sharp edges and shading on the edges. Root simple shapes (010), (120), (110), (121), (011), (111) Pinakoidalny kind of symmetry. Cleavage - perfect for (010).

axinite crystals belong to the triclinic system. They have flattened and beveled shape, apex pointed, often verge isshtrihovany. In addition to well-formed individuals, translucent, sometimes transparent, with a glassy luster, axinite can form massive accumulations of dense lamellar structure and weight. The crystals have an average hardness fragile break with incorrect, cleavage in one direction. Pleochroism-volatile preobladayutottenki purple, brown and light green, but the difference between the observed manganaksinit blue, purple and grays.

Semi-precious stones, gems
Axinite. M Canyon-set, Seimchan p., Magadan Region., Russia, CIS. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Semi-precious stones, gems
Mn-axinite. Robbing district to, Oita Prefecture. Japan. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Diagnostic features.
Axinite has weak pyroelectric properties. Acids can not be, legkoplavok.

Origin.
It is formed during the metamorphism in the contact aureoles in calcareous or basic igneous rocks, riddled bodies of granite type, enriched boron. Pneumatolytic origin, similar to tourmaline, due to the rocks, rich in limestone. Less common, but with the formation of a very beautiful crystals, hydrothermal origin of granites in the voids and along the periphery of the intrusions.

Place of Birth.
Famous deposits axinite now partially developed, located near Bourg-d'Uasan (department of Isère, France), in Koarz Gold (CA), Cornwall (United Kingdom) and Grizhioni (Switzerland). Small deposits were found in Brazil, Germany and Tanzania. In Italy, it noted several locations of interest to collectors. Among them, the Valle del Cervo (Biella), Monzoni group Valdi Fassa (province of Trento), the island of La Maddalena (Province of Sassari, Sardinia) and Baveno (Province of Verbania). Key findings: Saxony (Germany), Isere (France), Cornwall (England), Tintsen (Switzerland, hence the name tintsenita), Liguria, Sardinia (Italy); large purple crystal gemstone quality are in Lunige (Nevada, USA).

The use in jewelry.
This gem is usually no more than five carats, treated with square facets in the step and in the rotunda; numerous facets in the pavilion. Massive limits the difference in cabochon. The name comes from the Greek. "Ax", due to the wedge shape and the tapered edges of the crystals. It makes sense only for collectors and as a rare gem.

Semi-precious stones, gemsSemi-precious stones, gemsSemi-precious stones, gemsSemi-precious stones, gemsSemi-precious stones, gems

Semi-precious stones, gems
Axinite. Chegitun, Russia. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Semi-precious stones, gems
Axinite (ferroaksinit). Bur d`Uazan, Isère, France. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Semi-precious stones, gems
Axinite. Ferroaksinit. Man-Hobeyu solder. Ural, Russia. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Semi-precious stones, gems
Axinite. Ferroaksinit. Puyva solder. Ural, Russia. Photo: © D. Tonkacheev.

Toxic and hazardous radioactive rocks and minerals

** - Poisonous stones and minerals (obligatory check in chemical laboratory + clear indication of toxicity)
** - Radioactive rocks and minerals (obligatory check on OEM + dosimeter ban on open sale in the case of radioactivity more than 24 mR / hour + additional measures to protect the population)

  1. Adamini *
  2. Annaberg ** erythrite
  3. antimonite *
  4. Arsenolit **
  5. arsenopyrite **
  6. orpiment **
  7. Bayldonit *
  8. Beryl **
  9. betafite **
  10. Billietit **
  1. Bismutinit *
  2. antimonnickel *
  3. Viteri *
  4. gadolinium **
  5. Galit * *
  6. geocronite *
  7. glaucodot *
  8. Dekluazit Mottramit **
  9. Jordan *
  10. Carnot **
  1. vermilion **
  2. cobaltite *
  3. Kottunit *
  4. Lirokonit *
  5. marcasite *
  6. monazite *
  7. ammonia *
  8. Nichelino *
  9. Autun **
  10. pyromorphite *
  11. pyrochlore *
  1. proustite *
  2. rammelsbergite *
  3. realgar **
  4. Mercury *
  5. Senarmontit *
  6. Sulphur *
  7. skutterudite *
  8. Strontianite * *
  9. Antimony *
  10. tetrahedron *
  11. thorianite **
  1. Torit **
  2. uraninite **
  3. Farmacol *
  4. chalcocite *
  5. Hutchinson *
  6. Celestine * *
  7. Zircon **
  8. euxenite **
  9. enargite *
  10. aeschynite **
  11. conichalcite

Catalog minerals and gems in groups of the world

** - Poisonous stones and minerals
** - Radioactive rocks and minerals

The types of minerals (classification
chemical composition)

Native elements:
  1. Diamond
  2. Graphite
  3. Iron
  4. Gold
  5. Copper
  6. Platinum
  7. Mercury *
  8. Sulphur *
  9. Silver
  10. Antimony *
sulfides:
  1. antimonite *
  2. vitreous silver
  3. arsenopyrite **
  4. orpiment **
  5. Bismutinit *
  6. Bornite
  7. antimonnickel *
  8. Boulanger
  9. berthonite
  10. Wurtz
  11. Galena
  12. Gauerit
  13. geocronite *
  14. glaucodot *
  15. Greenock
  16. Jameson
  17. dyscrasia
  18. Jordan *
  19. vermilion **
  20. cobaltite *
  21. covellite
  22. cosalite
  23. marcasite *
  24. Meneghini
  25. miargyrite
  26. millerite
  27. Molybdenite
  28. Nichelino *
  29. pyrargyrite
  30. Pyrite
  31. pyrrhotite
  32. polybasite
  33. proustite *
  34. rammelsbergite *
  35. realgar **
  36. Sylvania
  37. skutterudite *
  38. stannite
  39. Stephanie
  40. blende
  41. tetrahedron *
  42. Ulman
  43. chalcocite *
  44. Chalcopyrite
  45. Hutchinson *
  46. enargite *
Pyroxene (silicates):
  1. Augite
  2. bronzite
  3. hedenbergite
  4. Diopside
  5. Jade
  6. spodumene
  7. Fassait
  8. Aegirine
  9. enstatite
halides:
  1. Atacama
  2. Bole
  3. villiaumite
  4. Galit * *
  5. Diaboleit
  6. Yodargirit
  7. carnallite
  8. Cerargyrite (hlorargirit)
  9. Connelly
  10. Cryolite
  11. Kottunit *
  12. Myers
  13. march
  14. Nador
  15. ammonia *
  16. Tomsenolit
  17. fluorite
spinel
(oxides):
  1. manganites
  2. Magnetite
  3. saturnine red
  4. Franklin
  5. Chrysoberyl
  6. Chromite
  7. Spinel
Oxides and hydroxides:
  1. Arsenolit **
  2. betafite **
  3. Billietit **
  4. Brooke's
  5. brucite
  6. Wolframite
  7. Hematite
  8. goethite
  9. diasporas
  10. ilmenite
  11. cassiterite
  12. Quartz
  13. columbite
  14. Corundum
  15. cristobalite
  16. Cuprite
  17. limonite
  18. acerdese
  19. octahedra
  20. Opal
  21. perovskite
  22. pyrolusite
  23. pyrochlore *
  24. Pirohroit
  25. Platner
  26. psilomelane
  27. Rutile
  28. Senarmontit *
  29. tellurite
  30. tenorite
  31. thorianite **
  32. tridymite
  33. uraninite **
  34. Ferguson
  35. Chalcedony
  36. Zincite
  37. euxenite **
  38. aeschynite **
Other:
  1. astrophyllite
  2. petrified wood
  3. Amber
carbonates:
  1. azurite
  2. Ankerite
  3. Aragonite
  4. Artin
  5. Aurihaltsit
  6. borax
  7. Viteri *
  8. gaylussite
  9. Hydrocincite
  10. Dolomite
  11. potassium nitrate
  12. Calcite
  13. Kern
  14. Coleman
  15. Ludwig
  16. magnesite
  17. Malachite
  18. sodium nitrate
  19. Pirssonit
  20. Roditsit
  21. rhodochrosite
  22. Rozazit
  23. Siderite
  24. Smithson
  25. Strontianite * *
  26. throne
  27. Ulex
  28. phosgene
  29. cerussite
Sulfates:
  1. Alotrihin
  2. Alunite
  3. Alyunogen
  4. Anhydrite
  5. Anglesite
  6. Barite
  7. Botriogen
  8. brochantite
  9. wulfenite
  10. Gypsum
  11. Glauber
  12. Devillin
  13. kainite
  14. Krёnkit
  15. crocoite
  16. linarite
  17. Roemer
  18. Spangolit
  19. Thenardier
  20. Celestine * *
  21. Tsianotrihit
  22. Scheele
  23. Epsom
Zeolites
(silicates):
  1. Garmotom
  2. heulandite
  3. Gmelin
  4. gismondine
  5. caporcianite
  6. mordenite
  7. Mesolithic
  8. natrolite
  9. Skoletsit
  10. stilb
  11. Thomson
  12. Ferrier
  13. Phillips
  14. Shabazz
Phosphates:
  1. Adamini *
  2. Annaberg ** erythrite
  3. Apatite
  4. Austin
  5. Bayldonit *
  6. Turquoise
  7. Brasiliano
  8. vanadinite
  9. variscite
    Streng
  10. wavellite
  11. Viviani Kerchinit
  12. Dekluazit Mottramit **
  13. cacoxenite
  14. Carnot **
  15. Klinoklaz
  16. Lavendularit
  17. Lazuli Skortsalit
  18. Lirokonit *
  19. Mimetit
  20. monazite *
  21. Olivenit *
  22. Autun **
  23. pyromorphite *
  24. Psevdomalahit
  25. Farmacol *
  26. Halkofillit
Silicates:
  1. Andalusite
  2. braunite
  3. Wohler
  4. Willem
  5. gadolinium **
  6. gehlenite
  7. hemimorphite
  8. humites
  9. datolite
  10. dumortierite
  11. ilvaite
  12. Yortdalit
  13. kyanite
  14. Lawson
  15. monticellite
  16. peridot
  17. Sillimanite
  18. staurolite
  19. Titanite
  20. Topaz
  21. Torit **
  22. forsterite
  23. chloritoid
  24. Zircon **
  25. euclase
epidote
(silicates):
  1. Allan
  2. axinite
  3. benitoite
  4. Beryl **
  5. vesuvian
  6. Dioptase
  7. Klinotsiozit
  8. Cordierite
  9. Milar
  10. Osumilit
  11. Piedmont
  12. Taramellit
  13. Tourmaline
  14. zoisite
  15. eudialyte
  16. Epidote
Grenades
(silicates):
  1. Almandine
  2. Andradite
  3. grossular
  4. pyrope
  5. spessartite
  6. Uvarovite
Mica
(silicates):
  1. Biotite
  2. Clinton
  3. xanthophylls
  4. lepidolite
  5. Marguerite
  6. muscovite
  7. phlogopite
  8. Tsinivaldit
chlorites
(silicates)
  1. Vermiculite
  2. Kemmerer
  3. clinochlore
  4. Pennine
  5. meerschaum
  6. Serpentine
  7. chrysocolla
Feldspars (silicates):
  1. Albite
  2. Anor
  3. hyalophane
  4. microcline
  5. orthoclase
  6. Plagioclases
  7. sanidine
Faldshpatoidy (silicates):
  1. analcime
  2. hauynite
  3. Lapis lazuli
  4. leucite
  5. nepheline
  6. petals
  7. pollucite
  8. scapolite
  9. Sodalite
Amphiboles
(silicates):
  1. actinolite
  2. Antrofillit
  3. apophyllite
  4. babingtonite
  5. bavenite
  6. bustamite
  7. Wollastonite
  8. glaucophane
  9. cummingtonite
  10. Neptune
  11. pectolite
  12. pyrophyllite
  13. prehnite
  14. Riebeeck
  15. Hornblende
  16. Rhodonite
  17. Talc
  18. tremolite
  19. Evdidimit