Oxides and hydroxides: Squares

Diagnostic Card.

Mg (OH) ₂
Crystal system hexagonal
2.5 Hardness
Specific gravity 2.4
Cleavage is easily seen
White color
Color white powder
luster pearl

Crystals are extremely rare. They are mostly tabular hexagonal outline. More common scaly mass dense enough. Color mainly white, with a living pearlescent on cleavage surfaces. Many copies of the blue-green color, which is a result of weathering easily becomes brown.

Chemical composition - content (%): MgO - 69,12; H2O - 30,88. Luster - on the cleavage planes pearl, on the other - the wax up to the glass, the differences in fiber - silky. Translucent, sometimes transparent. Fracture - the touch is fat.

Spaynost- micaceous on (0001). In (0001) on impact, there are two pieces of the system with an angle of 60 ^o between the beams in each; Both systems are rotated 30 ^o with respect to one another. Fibres nemalita amenable to curl around the axis of elongation. Spine plate and the fibers are flexible, but not elastic. It is easy to cut with a knife. Units - Units of tiny crystals and flakes, fibrous (considerable), and less talko- alebastropodobnye weight, sometimes sinter metacolloidal education, spheroids, rare crystals. Crystals predominantly for tolstotablitchatye (0001).

Diagnostic features.
Easily dissolves in acids without hiss and formation of silica gel. It has pyroelectric properties when cooled axle ends are charged negatively and positively bazopinakoida ribs. non-conductor of electricity. The ultraviolet rays of strong light or a bluish color temnomalinovym. Hydrochloric acid solution of iron-potassium sinerodistogo sometimes quickly turns blue.

Origin.
It occurs in veins among serpentine and chlorite rocks as a hydrothermal mineral, in association with various magnesium carbonates, as well as aragonite, magnesite and chromite. Also present in various crystalline limestones (marbles) as a result of transformation of periclase.

Deposits and application.
With its beautiful and large (up to 15 cm in diameter) crystals is known about the Texas chromite mine in Pennsylvania. In Europe, there are good copies in Styria, in the Shetland Islands in Scotland and in the Urals. Brucite is used to extract and magnesium as the refractory material.

Bar (diff. A lot of). Mirjana p., Top., Yakutia, Russia. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Timber. Bazenovskoye m-tion, Wed. Ural, Russia. Photo: © AA Evseev.

Magnesium - component enzymes in the human body is contained in bones, teeth, is a regulator of the nervous system. Magnesium - macrocell, which is suffering from the disease to 90% of people. The human body contains approximately 140 g of magnesium (0.2% by weight), and accounts for 2/3 of the bone tissue. The main "depot" magnesium is in the bones and muscles in the form of phosphates and bicarbonates. Magnesium comes into contact with food (in particular the sodium salt - bitter "Artyomsol") and water.

Depletion of blood magnesium noted in rickets. Symptoms of magnesium deficiency: the deterioration of the transmission of nerve and muscle impulses, causing irritability and nervousness, increased excitability, spasms and cramps, disorientation in time and space, insomnia, migraine, chronic fatigue, digestive disorders, heart palpitations, seizures, fits of anger or irritation. The first sign of magnesium deficiency are twitching and convulsions, especially the calf muscles. Psychiatric mineral.

Magnesium deficiency underlies the cardiovascular diseases. Against the background of continuous magnesium deficiency increases the risk of atherosclerosis of the heart arteries, heart attacks and heart rhythm changes. It can be a cause of fatal cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, cardiac arrest, asthma (particularly on the basis of inhalation cinnabar), chronic pain syndrome (PTSD), depression, insomnia, irritable bowel syndrome and pulmonary diseases. Develop arthritis and osteoporosis. Most magnesium is contained in wheat bran and sprouts of cereals (520 and 270 mg per 100 g).

Magnesium is essential: for hypertension, symptomatic hypertension, atherosclerosis, liver disease and biliary tract, depression, dizziness, muscle weakness and twitching, in psoriasis, scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, premenstrual syndrome, to maintain the body's normal pH balance, calcification of soft warning tissues. It provides protection from arterial endothelial stress caused by sudden drops in blood pressure, necessary for the formation of bone and mineral metabolism of carbohydrate, to dissolve kidney stones formed from oxalates and phosphates. Magnesium enhances the effectiveness of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), important for the prevention of atherosclerosis.

Increased magnesium level (gipermagniemiya) may occur in the blood while taking antacids or laxatives containing magnesium, in patients with chronic renal failure. For parenteral administration of magnesium sulphate may experience symptoms of intoxication in the form of a general depression, weakness and drowsiness (brain involved), cardiac failure. The use of magnesium sulfate solution in pregnancy and childbirth in a 4-fold increased risk of cerebral palsy in the newborn (weak mother's birth). Anesthesia (coma) occurs when the concentration of magnesium in the blood of 15-18 mg%.

Magnesium afraid of even the doctors, it is a dangerous "comatose" ( "sleepy") drug depressing brain - almost 100% of the hospital (for the treatment of medical magnesia). The mineral ions which are "working" on the junction of the neurons (axons). In acute renal failure with oliguria, especially in combination with metabolic acidosis, gipermagniemiya possible. calcium infusion (antagonist) may counteract the toxicity of magnesium.

ADR 4.1
Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitized explosives
Risk of fire. Flammable or combustible materials can be ignited by sparks or flames. May contain self-reactive substances that are liable to exothermic decomposition in the case of heating, contact with other substances (such as acids, heavy-metal compounds or amines), friction or shock.
This may result in the evolution of harmful and flammable gases or vapors or self-ignition. Containers may explode when heated (ultra-hazardous - practically do not burn).
Risk of explosion of desensitized explosives after loss of desensitizer
Seven vertical red stripes on a white background, of equal, the number of ADR, the black flame

ADR 4.2
Substances capable of autoignition
Risk of fire as a result of self-ignition if packages are damaged or there is the source of the content.
May react vigorously with water
White upper half of the rhombus, red - the lower, equal size, number of ADR, the black flame

ADR 4.3
Substances that emit flammable gases in contact with water
The risk of fire and explosion on contact with water.
Goods that are scattered, you need to cover and keep dry
Blue diamond, the number of ADR, black or white flame

ADR 5.1
Substances which are oxidized
Risk of vigorous reaction, ignition and explosion in contact with combustible or flammable substances
Do not allow the formation of a mixture of cargo with flammable or combustible substances (eg sawdust)
Yellow diamond, the number of ADR, a black flame over a circle

ADR 6.1
Toxic (Poison)
Risk of intoxication by inhalation, skin contact or ingestion. Constitutes a danger to the aquatic environment or the sewage system
Use a mask for the emergency leaving the vehicle
White diamond, the number of ADR, black skull and crossbones

• Gatchell - "New Almadén snag" - arsenide and antimony sulfide (modern sulphosalts)
• Antimony - toxic metal (semi-metal) are widely used in industry, medicine and engineering
• Zirconium - a rare and non- metal and dangerous jewel in the oxide and salts
• Gold - yellow dangerous and toxic metal -date and accurate digital cable technology
• Sulphur - a golden-yellow toxic substance and a sign of volcanic activity
• Cadmium - a toxic uncirculated unknown wide range of people silvery metal
• Lead - a poisonous gray simulator silver metal and toxic metal snag
• Arsenic - poison classic medieval and modern poisoners and medicine in medicine

Toxic and hazardous radioactive rocks and minerals

^** - Poisonous stones and minerals (obligatory check in chemical laboratory + clear indication of toxicity)
^** - Radioactive rocks and minerals (obligatory check on a regular dosimeter + ban on the open sale of radioactivity in the event of more than 24 mR / hour + additional measures to protect the population)

Catalog minerals and gems in groups of the world

^** - Poisonous stones and minerals
^** - Radioactive rocks and minerals