Halides: Williomite

Diagnostic card.

Na F
Cubic amount of cubic zirconia
Hardness 2-2,5
Specific weight 2,8
Cleavage distinct along the faces of the cube
Color red

Willemite, unlike its artificial counterpart (in pure form, colorless), is usually painted in cherry red, probably caused by defects in the crystal lattice. There is a clear cleavage along the faces of the cube. In nature, well-formed crystals are almost unknown.

Chemical composition - content (in%): Na - 54.76; F: 45.24. Fracture - crystals are conchoidal, aggregates - uneven. It's fragile. Cleavage, according to (100) is perfect. Aggregates - Grains and their aggregates. Natural crystals are imperfect cubes. It melts easily, a cloudless colorless glass forms on cooling. Easily soluble in cold water.

Origin.
Willemite is a rare mineral, and occurs almost exclusively in nepheline syenites and related rocks, especially if they contain appreciable amounts of sodium. Conversely, an excess of calcium leads to the appearance of fluorite.

Place of Birth.
The classical location is the island of Los near the coast of Guinea, where the villiomite is found together with rare zinc minerals and astrophyllite. In Russia, this mineral is found in many places on the Kola Peninsula in association with rare zirconium minerals and pectolite. Small amounts of villiomite are also found in Greenland and in Mont-Saint-Hilaire in Canada.

Williomite. Koashva r-k, Khibiny, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Translucent cleavage. Photo: © А.А. Evseev.

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