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Mіzhnarodny management - Je Panchenko
G.
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Mіzhnarodny management - Je Panchenko G.
TOPIC 6: of acceptance UPRAVLІNSKIH RІSHEN In MІZHNARODNOMU MENEDZHMENTІ:
6.1. Osoblivostі of acceptance rіshen in mіzhnarodnomu menedzhmentі
Klyuchova problem of acceptance in rіshen mіzhnarodnih korporatsіyah - spіvvіdnoshennya mіzh tsentralіzatsієyu i detsentralіzatsієyu. When tsentralіzatsії rіshennya priymayutsya on vischomu rіvnі scho zabezpechuє їh yakіst temple. When detsentralіzatsії of acceptance rіshen deleguєtsya down operational staff, scho zabezpechuє їh gnuchkіst i svoєchasnіst.
Mіzhnarodnogo management sphere, in yakih priymayutsya perevazhno tsentralіzovanі rіshennya
• Marketing mіzhnarodna polіtika
• Fіnansovі Spravi
• Vikoristannya ekspatrіantіv staff
• Rіshennya schodo virobnichih bearing-down
Mal. 6.1. Vzaєmozv'yazok strategіy, structures of acceptance rіshen i s rezultativnіstyu upravlіnnya mіzhnarodnoyu kompanієyu
Table 6.1.
Factors scho vplivayut on rіven tsentralіzatsії chi detsentralіzatsії rіshen in mіzhnarodnih operatsіyah
|
№№ |
Factory |
Tsentralіzatsіya |
De tsentralіzatsіya |
|
1. |
Obsyag operatsії |
Great |
Malii |
|
2. |
Obsyag kapіtalovkladen |
Great |
Malii |
|
3. |
Vіdnosne values for MNC |
Vazhlive |
Nevazhlive |
|
4. |
competitive seredovische |
stronger |
Stabіlne |
|
5. |
Vzaєmozv'yazok mіzh obsyagami i costs |
strongly |
Slabko |
|
6. |
Rіven tehnologіy |
Visokiy |
Zvichayny |
|
7. |
Nadannya of trademarks, patent rights іn i. |
bike |
Male |
|
8. |
Rіven produktovoї diversifіkatsії |
Nizky |
Visokiy |
|
9. |
Odnorіdnіst grocery lіnіy |
Odnorіdnі |
Rіznorіdnі |
|
10. |
Geografіchna vіdstan mіzh domashnіm ofіsom i zarubіzhnim vіddіlennyam |
Mala |
great |
|
eleven. |
Rіven zalezhnostі mіzh okremimi Chastain |
Visoka |
Nizka |
|
12. |
Rіven kompetentsії menedzherіv in kraїnі - Ruler |
Mensch Visokiy |
Bіlsh Visokiy |
|
13. |
Dosvіd in mіzhnarodnomu bіznesі |
digit |
Malii |
Dzherelo: Adaptovano Hodgetts R., Lufthans F. International Management. -NY., McGwaw-Hill
Porіvnyalnі butt of acceptance rіshen in rіznih kraїnah
a) United States - Perevazhno tsentralіzovane of acceptance rіshen in sferі zovnіshno-ekonomіchnih operatsіy.
Factor:
• Neobhіdnіst control over rozvitkom svіtovih strategіy.
b) Yaponіya - of acceptance rіshen Shlyakhov consensus іz poperednіmi retelnimi konsultatsіyami and takozh poєdnannya tsentralіzovanogo i detsentralіzovanogo pіdhodіv of acceptance to rіshen
Factory:
• Vischy Management Got Velika Vlad, yak pіddaєtsya perevіrtsі s side nizhnіh menedzherіv
• Nizhnі managers toil povnovazhennya schodo look around, analіzu critics recommending varіantіv Act reasonably.
c) Velikobritanіya - bіlshіst organіzatsіy Je duzhe detsentralіzovanі. Factory:
• Managers vischogo rіvnya (uper - level) is not in rozumіyutsya tehnіchnih details bіznesu i peredayut right of acceptance rіshen down
• Nayvischі managers (top - level) takozh stale od serednіh menedzherіv in kerіvnitstvі bezposerednіm processes of acceptance rіshennya
g) Frantsіya - vikoristovuyutsya rіznі pіdhodi. However ostannіm hour
tendentsіya to tsentralіzatsії
Factor:
• Vischі manager scho Yea Graduates of the prestigious The Teaching zakladіv not toil nalezhnoї Dovira to serednіh menedzherіv.
d) Zittau - perevazhno tsentralіzatsіya, autocracy, ієrarhіya. Factory:
• Spetsifіchna legal system (Codetermination) potrebuє-approved varіantіv rіshen robіtnikami i їh managers
• Managers pridіlyayut produktivnostі, of Quality produktsії i poslug bіlshu uwagi nіzh kerіvnitstvu pіdleglimi
• Menedzherska Osvita Got perevazhno tehnіchnu orієntatsіyu
e) Skandinavskі Kraina - detsentralіzatsіya i fate
Factory:
• Legal system podіbna nіmetskіy (Codetermination)
• Golovna uwagi menedzherіv - yakіst labor Zhittya.
• Vazhlivіst іndivіdualnostі in organіzatsії
6.2. Polіtichnі riziki in priynyattі upravlіnskih rіshen
Stosovno mіzhnarodnogo management polіtichny rizik yavlyaє him ymovіrnіst of scho dіlovі іnozemnі іnvestitsії will be subject to the vise i uschіlnennya s side uryadovoї polіtiki Kraina - Ruler.
Upravlіnnya polіtichnimi rizikami gruntuєtsya on vrahuvannі dії troh faktorіv group.
a) categories polіtichnogo riziku:
• Transfernі riziki
• Operatsіynі riziki
• Rizik vtrati control vlasnostі
Mal. 6.2. Trimіrna trammel for otsіnki polіtichnih rizikіv
b) Nature Zagalnoї іnvestitsії
• Konglomerativnі іnvestitsії
• Vertikalnі іnvestitsії
• Gorizontalnі іnvestitsії
c) Nature Spetsіalnoї іnvestitsії (sector ekonomіchnoї dіyalnostі)
Table 6.2.
Kriterії kіlkіsnoї otsіnki polіtichnih rizikіv
№№ |
Kriterії |
Otsіnki |
|
|
mіn. |
Max. |
||
|
Polіtichne i ekonomіchne seredovische | |||
|
1. |
Stabіlnіst polіtichnoї Sistemi |
3 |
14 |
|
2. |
Zagrozhuyuchі vnutrіshnі konflіkti |
0 |
14 |
|
3. |
Zagrozi stabіlnostі zovnіshnogo pohodzhennya |
0 |
12 |
|
4. |
Stupіn control ekonomіchnoї Sistemi |
5 |
9 |
|
5. |
Nadіynіst Kraina yak torgovelnogo partner |
4 |
12 |
|
6. |
Konstitutsіynі garantії |
2 |
12 |
|
7. |
Efektivnіst derzhavnoї admіnіstratsії |
3 |
12 |
|
8. |
Trudovі vіdnosini i sotsіalnі pozitsії |
3 |
15 |
|
Vnutrіshnі ekonomіchnі minds | |||
|
9. |
Quantity of the population |
4 |
8 |
|
10. |
Dohіd on kapіtal |
2 |
10 |
|
eleven. |
Ekonomіchne zrostannya protyagom ostannіh p'yati rokіv |
2 |
7 |
|
12. |
Growth prospects protyagom the following troh rokіv |
3 |
10 |
|
13. |
Іnflyatsіya poperednі in two Rocky |
2 |
10 |
|
14. |
Dostupnіst іnozemtsіv to vnutrіshnogo Rinku kapіtalіv |
3 |
7 |
|
15. |
Nayavnіst visokokvalіfіkovanoї robochoї Sealy in danіy mіstsevostі |
2 |
8 |
|
16. |
Mozhlivіst zaluchennya staff to robots in іnozemnih kraїnah |
2 |
8 |
|
17. |
Nayavnіst energetichnih resursіv |
2 |
14 |
|
18. |
Zakonodavchі vimogi schodo zberezhennya navkolishnogo otochennye |
4 |
8 |
|
19. |
Transportnі Sistemi i komunіkatsії |
||
|
Zovnіshnі ekonomіchnі vіdnosini | |||
|
20. |
Obmezhennya opodatkuvannya іmportu |
2 |
10 |
|
21. |
Obmezhennya opodatkuvannya eksportu |
2 |
10 |
|
22. |
Obmezhennya opodatkuvannya іnozemnih іnvestitsіy in kraїnі |
3 |
9 |
|
23. |
Freedom zasnuvannya chi vstanovlennya zobov'yazan in partnerstvі |
3 |
9 |
|
24. |
Pravovyi Zahist torgovoї brand i produktsії |
3 |
9 |
|
25. |
Obmezhennya opodatkuvannya penny operatsіy |
2 |
8 |
|
26. |
Revalorizatsіya proti nіmetskoї brand protyagom ostannіh p'yati rokіv |
2 |
7 |
|
27. |
Rozvitok platіzhnogo balance |
2 |
9 |
|
28. |
Visnazhennya through vikoristannya zakordonnih kreditіv that іmport energonosіїv |
3 |
14 |
|
29. |
Mіzhnarodne fіnansove encampment |
3 |
8 |
|
thirty. |
Obmezhennya opodatkuvannya obmіnu mіstsevoї currency on іnozemnu |
2 |
8 |
Dzherelo: Dicth E., Koglmayr H. Country Risk Ratings. - Management international Review, 1986, vol. 26, no 4, p.6.
Mіzhnarodnі dіlovі negotiations (processes)
• Planuvannya
• Nalagodzhennya mіzhnarodnih vіdnosin
• Obmіn tsіlovoyu іnformatsієyu
• Perekonannya
• Zgoda
negotiation tactics
• Location peregovorіv
• Chasovі obmezhennya
• Vіdnosini "Shop pokupets"
negotiation povedіnka
• Vikoristannya eksperimentalnoї povedіnki
• Obіtsyanki, shook INSHI i tipi povedіnki
• Nonverbal povedіnka
• Vikoristannya Brudnyi priyomіv
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