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Krimіnalіstika - Bіlenchuk P.D.

2.4 Method SPETSІALNІ KRIMІNALІSTIKI

Spetsіalnі, abo okremі, methods, SSMSC zastosovuyut in krimіnalіstitsі, podіlyayutsya on Dvi groups: Vlasnyi krimіnalіstichnі that methodological іnshih (prirodnichih tehnіchnih i) Science, SSMSC vikoristovuyut zdebіlshogo in krimіnalіstichnіy ekspertizі.

Vlasnyi krimіnalіstichnі methodological stvorenі that obgruntovanі teorієyu krimіnalіstiki abo zapozichenі that peretvorenі her spetsіalno for doslіdzhennya krimіnalіstichnih ob'єktіv. Before Tsikh metodіv nalezhat vessels-fotografіchnі, trasologіchnі, ship-balіstichnі that іn. Napriklad have sudovіy fotografії rozrobleno methodological signaletichnoї (upіzna-valnoї) vimіryuvalnoї, panoramnoї, stereo that mіkroskopіchnoї, velikomasshtabnoї fotozyomki and takozh methodological fotografіchnogo pіdsilyuvannya kolorovih kontrastіv, viyavlennya tekstіv, SSMSC nemozhlivo read!, That іn.

Rozrobleno rіznі methodological slіdokopіyuvannya in trasologії. Widely zastosovuyut methodological daktiloskopіchnoї іdentifіkatsії, mіkroskopіchnogo that profіlografіchnogo doslіdzhennya mіkrorelєfu rіznih slіdіv (znaryad evil th іnstrumentіv on kulyah, gіlzah that іn.). In sudovіy balіstitsі widely zastosovuyut methodological viyavlennya that fіksatsії slіdіv postrіlu, іdentifіkatsії zbroї for slіdami on kulyah i gіlzah, viznachennya distantsії postrіlu, poslіdovnostі vikonannya postrіlіv that INSHI methodological vessels-balіstichnoї Sanitary and Epidemiological. In krimіnalіstitsі zastosovuyut takozh rіznomanіtnі efektivnі methodological tehnіko-krimіnalіstichnogo doslіdzhennya dokumentіv, pocherkoznavchoї Sanitary and Epidemiological, fotoportretnoї іdentifіkatsії that krimіnalnoї reєstratsії.

Sort order s methods th zasobami krimіnalіstichnoї tehnіki in krimіnalіstitsі widely zastosovuyut methodical tactics krimіnalіstichnoї th methodology rozslіduvannya zlochinіv, zokrema planuvannya rozslіduvannya, analіzu slіdchih situatsіy, taktichnі priyomi vikonannya slіdchih Act reasonably, profіlaktiki zlochinіv krimіnalіstichnimi zasobami.

Jerel formuvannya krimіnalіstichnih metodіv i zasobіv Je prirodnichі, tehnіchnі that suspіlnі science and takozh slіdcha, vessels that ekspertna practice. Metodi Naukova uzagalnennya tsієї practice (anketuvannya, statistichnі) takozh nalezhat to spetsіalnih.
In doslіdzhennі krimіnalіstichnih ob'єktіv widely zastosovuyut methodological prirodnichih i tehnіchnih Sciences - fіzichnі (spectral analіzu, doslіdzhennya in іnfrachervonih i ultrafіoletovih Promen, іz zastosuvannyam radіoaktivnih іzotopіv, methods elektronnoї that lazernoї tehnіki that іn.) Hіmіchnogo yakіsnogo that kіlkіsnogo mіkroanalіzu, bіologіchnі, mіneralogіchnі that іn. Often rozkrittya zlochinіv deposits od of yak Povny th efektivnosti in krimіnalіstitsі zastosovuyut suchasnі dosyagnennya prirodnichih i tehnіchnih Sciences.

Yak zaznachalosya, usі methodological krimіnalіstiki, SSMSC rekomenduyutsya for practical zastosuvannya in rozkrittі zlochinіv, th Especially Ti, SSMSC zastosovuyut in krimіnalnomu sudochinstvі, toil Buti Naukova, nadіynimi, ekonomіchnimi, bezpechnimi is the upmost. Tom at pravosuddі zaboronyaєtsya vikoristovuvati method scho perebuvayut on stadії naukovoї rozrobki that perevіrki and takozh antinaukovі th Ti, scho prinizhuyut lyudsku gіdnіst.

Kontrolnі power

1. Metodologіchnі Ambush krimіnalіstiki.

2. Klasifіkatsіya metodіv krimіnalіstiki.

3. Zagalnonaukovі methodological krimіnalіstiki.

4. Methods modelyuvannya that eksperimentu in krimіnalіstitsі.

5. Spetsіalnі methodological krimіnalіstiki.