home Management Theory and practice of human resource management - Shchekin GV

Theory and practice of human resource management - Shchekin GV

12.3. Organization of career guidance in the production of

The basis of effective and high-quality maintenance organizations and enterprises personnel needed professions and qualifications is vocational guidance work among the students of secondary schools, which in the present conditions of reproduction of labor power is the main source of replenishment of manpower buildings and industrial plants.

In the context of a diversified economy graduate school is not easy to imagine the need for production in frames of various professions, real employment opportunities or further education, the specifics of different professions, as well as assess their inclinations and abilities. Currently, there are more than 40 thousand. Jobs annually even "born" more than 500 new, the natural death of old professions is slower than there are new. At the same time, the results of numerous studies show that employee productivity, which in quality meet the requirements of the profession, on average, 20-40% higher than the pleasures, who does not meet these requirements, and about 40% of workers who move work - those who elected it is not according to his ability. Therefore, the organization of professional orientation of young people is an important condition for improving the effectiveness of organizations and enterprises.

Under the professional orientation is understood scientifically based system of forms, methods and means of influence on students and employ people, promoting their timely involvement in social production, rational arrangement, the effective use and retention in the workplace on the basis of objective assessment and recording aptitudes, abilities and other personal characteristics .

A great contribution to the development of vocational guidance and make the lab rooms profootbora counseling and the company (the organization). The main objectives of such units are involved in carrying out professional orientation work with studying youth in the sponsored secondary schools; correct distribution of incoming work and employees on occupational groups in accordance with the individual characteristics of each employee; studies needed to carry out the main tasks of the office; issuing recommendations on the forms and methods of training and education of personnel, providing high-quality development of their chosen profession as soon as possible.

An important role in the organization of vocational guidance work belongs to the development and use professiogram basic blue-collar occupations, which provide information about the process, information about the required professional and comprehensive preparation, hygiene and physiological characteristics, medical contraindications, the prospects of vocational growth, economic data, and others. An important role in developing and improving the organization of vocational guidance and school development professiogram belongs engineers training enterprises and organizations.

The general plan describing the profession (professiogram) includes the following sections:

1. General information about the profession, specialty (the name of the profession, the need for these specialists form of vocational training, jobs that you can take after the acquisition of the profession).

2. Maintenance and operating conditions (materials used, tools, work process and its results, the level of mechanization and automation needed to work knowledge, skills, character and working conditions).

3. A person in the process (the attractive side of the work and its difficulties, the level of responsibility and the elements of creativity, quality and physiological medical contraindications, positive and negative effects of work for a person).

4. Socio-economic characteristics of the profession (salary system and social welfare, cultural and social conditions, career prospects, geography, profession, etc.).

Organization of vocational guidance consists of several interrelated stages: professional information, professional consultation, professional selection and professional adaptation. Professional information is designed to provide continuous and systematic professional informing school children, their teachers and parents, a professional organization of leading propaganda and mass professions, establishing and strengthening permanent contacts between groups of organizations, enterprises, vocational schools and secondary schools.

The objectives of professional advice are providing young people in assessing their abilities to various kinds of work in the sphere of production, giving specific advice on the choice of profession and the possible ways of its acquisition (education in high schools, vocational schools, training in inter-school educational-industrial mills or directly in the production and r. h.). Professional consultation is carried out by qualified counselors, psychologists, consisting of various units in the states for vocational guidance of youth. The consultation carried out on the basis of medical reports, features, results of special psychophysiological research.

The main task of professional selection is a science-based definition of professional competence every teen to a specific type of work, taking into account their abilities, inclinations and production needs. The work on the organization of professional orientation development and implementation of complex of measures on industrial and social adaptation of workers in the workforce.

System Management career guidance adopted seen in three aspects. The socio-economic aspect of the process involves the assimilation of students certain system of knowledge, norms and skills that enable them to carry out social and professional activities, which helps to improve the quality of the labor force and improve the satisfaction of youth work. Psycho-pedagogical aspect involves the identification and formation of interests, aptitudes and abilities of students, and to assist in the choice of profession, the most appropriate to their individual psychological characteristics. Biomedical assumes implementation of the requirements for health and individual human physiological qualities required to perform a specific professional activity [6]. At the same time the success of career guidance at any level depends on how comprehensively and systematically implemented approach to data management processes.

The main methods of management vocational guidance are as follows:

• target-oriented (the definition of the main objectives of vocational guidance, the development of its program achievements, the establishment of control mechanisms on the implementation of the program);

• Forecasting (account current and future requirements for different employees, trends of scientific and technological progress as a whole, the forecast for the future personnel policy);

• Simulation (construction of vocational guidance models of management in the enterprise, association, industry, region);

• organizational and administrative (preparation of relevant documents - orders, regulations, standards, regulating the procedure for the functioning of vocational guidance systems, monitoring their implementation). Professional focus on the production can give effective results if it is formed into a single stable and dynamic system. To a large extent, this is the definition of steps, aspects, functions, methods, as well as the main goals and directions of its management.

All the work of vocational guidance has two main areas: 1) the formation of the youth of personal orientations and interests with the needs of production; 2) reduction of personal orientations of youth in accordance with the possibilities of their implementation. Hence the purpose of the whole system of professional orientation - to find the optimal combination of personal desires and societal needs.

Literature

1. Endaltsev ES profession Selection: social, economic and educational factors. - M., 1984.

2. Zakharov NN Vocational counseling of schoolboys. - M .: Education, 1988.

3. Klimov EA How to choose a profession. - M., 1984.

4. Klimov EA Path to the profession. - L., 1974.

5. Human Resource Management: Ref. allowance. - M .: Economics, 1987.

6. Shchekin GV Fundamentals of personnel management: the Textbook. - K .: VZUUP 1991.

7. Shchekin GV Vocational guidance and attracting young people to work: method. recommendations. - K .: VZUUP 1992.