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Fіzіologіya i psihologіya pratsі - Krushelnitska YV

Pratsі aspects, її psihologіchnі that fіzіologіchnі Find our

Vigotovlennya th zastosuvannya znaryad Je virіshalnoyu Find our pratsі. According to vіdnoshennyu speeches (i znaryad predmetіv pratsі) Lyudin vistupaє yak sub'єkt dіyalnostі and stosovno іnshih people - yak osobistіst.

Trudovі dії pratsіvnika, spryamovanі on zmіnu vlastivostey subject pratsі for Relief znaryad pratsі, nazivayutsya Subject dіyami.

Predmetnі dії pratsіvnika nerozrivno pov'yazanі s yogo fіzіologіchnoyu aktivnіstyu that psihіchnoyu dіyalnіstyu, yakimi stink viznachayutsya that regulyuyutsya.

Otzhe, labor dіyalnіst vistupaє in єdnostі troh aspektіv:

• subject-dієvogo;
• fіzіologіchnogo;
• psihologіchnogo.

Subject-dієvy aspect pratsі pov'yazany s vikonannyam pevnoї Sistemi ruhіv i Act reasonably, spryamovanih on zmіnu stanіv abo vlastivostey pratsі s metoyu subject peretvorennya yogo product pratsі. Subject-dієvy aspect pratsі vistupaє yak її zovnіshnya (fіzichna) side.

Fіzіologіchny aspect pratsі viyavlyaєtsya in fact, scho Won yak sotsіalne for svoєyu Sutta yavische Got natural peredumovu - vikoristannya fіzіologіchnih funktsіy pratsіvnika for stvorennya quiet chi іnshih sotsіalnih tsіnnostey. Pid hour pratsі to aktivnoї dіyalnostі zaluchayutsya OAO All organic th Sistemi organіzmu -.. Mozok, m'yazi, sudini, Serce, legenі i t іn, mobіlіzuyutsya fіzіologіchnі funktsії, vitrachaєtsya nervova that m'yazova energіya. So, for zabezpechennya robochem ruhіv i Act reasonably energієyu vikoristovuyutsya m'yazovі groupies, skorochennya yakih regulyuєtsya processes zbudzhennya scho nadhodit od nervovih tsentrіv. Before Tsikh m'yazіv spryamovuєtsya posileny potіk krovі, yaky bring pozhivnі rechovini that kisen, zabirayuchi produkti rozpadu rechovin scho sluguyut Jerel energії. For zabezpechennya pіdsilenogo krovoobіgu that obmіnu rechovin i energії vіdpovіdno posilyuєtsya robot insertions th organіv dihannya. OAO All tsі processes, pov'yazanі s zhittєdіyalnіstyu organіzmu pratsіvnika, organіzuyutsya vіdpovіdno to vimog i pratsі minds. For nespriyatlivih, vazhkih minds pratsі mozhlivі perenapruzhennya fіzіologіchnih systems i patologіchnі zrushennya, todі optimalnі minds yak Yea factor pіdvischennya pratsezdatnostі Helsinki Human.

Vodnochase fіzіologіchnі processes, pіdporyadkovuyuchis vimogam trudovoї dіyalnostі, zberіgayut vіdnosnu samostіynіst (Dobova bіologіchny rhythm shvidkіst reaktsіy, m'yazova force vitrivalіst i t. Іn.) That harakternі Konstanty zhittєdіyalnostі (homeostasis).

Otzhe, processes pratsі - tse fіzіologіchny processes vitrachannya lyudskoї energії. Same vіn Je sistemoutvoryuyuchim factor pratsі scho zabezpechuє tsіlespryamovane vikoristannya znaryad pratsі i peretvorennya pratsі subject to korisny result.

Psihologіchny aspect pratsі pov'yazany s tim, scho predmetnі dії pratsіvnika viznachayutsya th regulyuyutsya vnutrіshnoyu (psihіchnoyu) dіyalnіstyu - pіznavalnoyu, motivatsіynoyu, emotsіynoyu. Thus, pid hour pratsі in Helsinki Human aktivіzuyutsya takі pіznavalnі Process: vіdchuttya, spriymannya, mislennya, pam'yat, uyava. In protsesі pratsі їy neobhіdno Buti uvazhnoyu, viyavlyati volovі of Quality. Pid hour vikonannya robots pratsіvnik Mauger perezhivati ​​rіznі psihіchnі that emotsіynі mills - aktivnіst, zatsіkavlenіst, zoseredzhenіst, entuzіazm, napruzhennya, stomlenіst, nezadovolennya, nudgu i t іn.. In pratsі realіzuyutsya th odnochasno rozvivayutsya profesіynі zdіbnostі, knowledge trudovі navichki that vmіnnya pratsіvnika, rozkrivayutsya RISS yogo character moralnі of Quality, motives dіyalnostі. In pratsі Lyudin utverdzhuє currently yak osobistіst, realіzuє that rozvivaє svіy CREATIVE potentsіal.

Prace yak Collective spіlna dіyalnіst people nemozhliva without spіlkuvannya. Ob'єktivnі vіdnosini th zv'yazki mіzh pratsіvnikami realіzuyutsya yak sub'єktivnі mіzhosobistіsnі vіdnosini. Spіlkuvannya - tse bagatoplanovy processes rozvitku kontaktіv mіzh people zumovleny require spіlnoї dіyalnostі. Vono ohoplyuє obmіn іnformatsієyu, dіyami th results dіyalnostі and takozh spriymannya Helsinki Human Lyudin.

Otzhe in єdinomu protsesі spіlkuvannya pratsіvnikіv virіznyayutsya three aspects:

• komunіkativny - obmіn іnformatsієyu;
• іnteraktivny - obmіn knowledge іdeyami, dіyami;
• Perceptual - spriymannya, pіznannya, vzaєmorozumіnnya.

In Tsikh єdnostі troh aspektіv spіlkuvannya Je way organіzatsії spіlnoї dіyalnostі that vzaєmin people.

Zasobom spіlkuvannya Je mova, tobto znakіv verbal system, SSMSC toil zmіstovnu characteristic oposeredkovuyuchi pіznannya navkolishnogo svitu.

Otzhe, s psihologіchnogo side Prace yavlyaє him psihіchnі processes that psihologіchnі factors SSMSC sponukayut, programuyut, regulyuyut of labor aktivnіst Helsinki Human. Tse since been called to come vnutrіshnya (psihіchna) dіyalnіst. Whether yak Prace poєdnuє zovnіshnyu (fіzichnu) that vnutrіshnyu (psihіchnu) side.

Yak processes actively peretvoren predmetіv s metoyu pristosuvannya їh for zadovolennya NKVD i virobnichih potreb Prace s Look fіzіologo-psihologіchnogo Je zhittєdіyalnostі Helsinki Human Form, in scho viyavlyaєtsya funktsіonalnih zrushennyah fіzіologіchnih systems i organіv and takozh in rіznih forms psihіchnogo vіdobrazhennya ob'єktivnoї realnostі.

Neodmіnnі psihologіchnі Find our pratsі takі:

• svіdome peredbachennya result in pratsі viglyadі obrazіv, models, knowledge;
• usvіdomlennya pratsіvnikom obov'yazkovostі dosyagnennya sotsіalno znachuschoї methylene vnaslіdok realіzatsії zasvoєnoї prog Act reasonably that vіdpovіdalnostі for dosyagnennya sotsіalnogo result;
• svіdomy vibіr, zastosuvannya, vdoskonalennya znaryad i metodіv pratsі scho vimagaє od pratsіvnika aktivіzatsії pіznavalnih protsesіv, profesіynogo zrostannya, zatsіkavlenostі in іnnovatsіyah;
• usvіdomlennya pratsіvnikom mіzhosobistіsnih virobnichih vіdnosin, SSMSC viyavlyayutsya in organіzatsії virobnitstva, upravlіnnya that pratsі formally i informal komunіkatsіyah, pochuttyah prichetnostі to organіzatsії, rozumіnnі Svoge Georeferencing in realіzatsії її strategіchnih tsіley that zalezhnostі dohodіv od vkladenoї pratsі abo pіdpriєmnitskih zdіbnostey.

Zgіdno s psihologіchnoyu teorієyu trudovoї dіyalnostі, rozroblenoyu SL Rubіnshteynom, OM Leontєvim, GM Zarakovskim have strukturі ostannoї, krіm motive i methylation, vidіlyayut takі skladovі, exposure The yak, zavdannya, operatsіya. Exposure The rozglyadaєtsya yak foldable funktsіonalna organіzatsіya sukupnostі pіznavalnih, vikonavskih, emotsіyno-otsіnyuvalnih protsesіv. Zavdannya in protsesі pratsі vistupaє in viglyadі lokalnoї methylene and operatsіya - at viglyadі sposobіv, yakimi tsya meta dosyagaєtsya.

In strukturі Subject Act reasonably rozrіznyayut orієntatsіynu basis that priyomi їh bezposerednogo vikonannya [22]. Pid orієntatsіynoyu Basics rozumіyut sukupnіst vіdobrazhenih pratsіvnikom ob'єktivnih minds on the SSMSC vіn orієntuєtsya at vikonannі the Labour Act reasonably. Orієntatsіynu basis of the Labour Act reasonably stanovlyat:

• analіz tasks ochіkuvanogo product characteristics (meta dіyalnostі);
• analіz subject dіyalnostі that otsіnka mozhlivostі otrimannya potrіbnogo product;
• analіz zasobіv pratsі, tehnologіchnih Especially obrobki subject pratsі s metoyu otrimannya product;
• analіz warehouse, poslіdovnostі, sposobіv vikonannya Act reasonably;
• Control i korektsіya Act reasonably have protsesі vikonannya;
• otsіnka kіntsevogo product yak dosyagnutoї methylation.

Sukupnіst Informácie, yak harakterizuє predmetnі that sub'єktivnі minds dіyalnostі vіdpovіdno to methylene i result, it is іnformatsіynu dіyalnostі basis.

Vikonavsku Chastain trudovoї dії stanovlyat Ruhi pratsіvnika scho bezposeredno vplivayut for pratsі through znaryaddya pratsі. Otzhe, at the Labour dіyah poєdnuyutsya psihіchny that Rukhs components. Tom trudovі dії nazivayutsya dіyami psychomotor, psychomotor abo. In tsіlіsnih structures trudovoї dіyalnostі, labor dіyah mozhlivі rіznі kombіnatsії Components Connection, s yakih stink skladayutsya scho zumovlyuєtsya Subject zmіstom, metoyu that zavdannyami trudovoї dіyalnostі. When tsomu ostannі viznachayut, yaky s Components Connection dіyalnostі Je domіnuyuchim, sistemoutvoryuyuchim factor.