home Other disciplines Logіstika - Kalchenko AG

Logіstika - Kalchenko AG

10.2. LOGІSTICHNY PІDHІD have TEHNOLOGІCHNOMU PROTSESІ TRANSPORTNOЇ the Branch

Zavdannya, SSMSC virіshuє logіstichno transport system i rozrobku її strategії mozhna podіliti three groupies.

Persha s group pov'yazana s formuvannyam rinkovih zones obslugovuvannya, forecast materіalopotokіv, їh obrobkoyu in sistemі obslugovuvannya that іnshimi robots in the first operational upravlіnnі regulyuvannі materіalopotoku.

Another group - zavdannya іz rozrobki Sistemi organіzatsії transport processes (carried by the plan, the plan rozpodіlu mind dіyalnostі, formuvannya plan vantazhopotokіv, grafіk Ruhu the agriculture іn zasobіv i.).

Of the third group - tse upravlіnnya stocks on pіdpriєmstvah, fіrmah, skladskih complexes rozmіschennya zapasіv i їh obslugovuvannya transport zasobami, іnformatsіynimi systems.

Optimіzatsіya i virіshennya Tsikh zavdan scho Especially important in the minds Rinku, deposits od konkretnoї situatsії, minds i vimog to efektivnoї logіstichnoї system, and takozh od problems pov'yazanih іz zabezpechennyam virobnitstva sirovinoyu i napіvfabrikatami, usunennyam vuzkih mіsts in tehnologії delivery rіznih vidіv produktsії in paragraph virobnitstva, skladuvannya i zbutu.

Otzhe, neobhіdne organіchne ob'єdnannya Transport s virobnitstvom, peretvorennya їh in Lanka єdinoї system "virobnitstvo - transport - rozpodіl".

Novi pіdhіd to yak to transport skladovoї bіlsh krupnoї Sistemi abo logіstichnogo lantsyuzhka, potrebuє rozglyadu yogo in rіznih aspects. H point Zora vivchennya efektivnostі robots okremih vidіv transport іnteres viklikayut transported vantazhіv mіzh points vіdpravlennya that priznachennya (napriklad, od odnієї zalіznichnoї stantsії to іnshoї, s port to port abo s termіnalu to termіnalu). W logіstichnih pozitsіy neobhіdno analіzuvati all processes carried in tsіlomu, od vantazhovіdpravnika to vantazhootrimuvacha. When vrahuvannі іnteresіv klієnturi neobhіdno zvazhati not tіlki magіstralnimi transported on modes of transport, and the second on obrobku, zberezhennya, upakuvannya i rozpakuvannya, filed materіalіv verstatіv to have workshops for all i pov'yazanu s tsimi processes іnformatsіyu, yak suprovodzhuє materіalny potіk. Taqiy pіdhіd spriyaє optimal obіgu the agriculture poslug, oskіlki yakіst transported digit mіroyu vіdobrazhaєtsya on zagalnih vitratah, denote zbіlshuє sobіvartіst transported, z point Zora spetsіalіzatsії i kooperuvannya virobnitstva. Vivchennya power vikoristannya Transport nemozhlivo obmezhuvati sphere okremih materіalno-tehnіchnih zv'yazkіv. Pong toil rozglyadatisya in sistemі materіalno-tehnіchnogo zabezpechennya - od Pervin postachalnika to kіntsevogo spozhivacha, vklyuchayuchi promіzhnі Etap.

Ruh materіalnogo flow zdіysnyuєtsya on osnovі tehnologіchnogo processes, yaky pochinaєtsya h time of acceptance organіzatsії transported to Vantage point i zakіnchuєtsya otrimannya yogo klієntom. Vazhlive values ​​Got pіdgotovka transported to Vantage. Vіn Got Booty in transportable stanі, tobto packed in standard containers, promarkovany, staffing is the іn. Perevozyachi packaged pakuvalnі i shtuchnі vantazhі carload deprivation zalіznitseyu, vantazhovіdpravnik Got cause markuvannya not Mensch nіzh in ten vantazhnih mіstsyah skin vіdpravlennya, tobto zaznachiti naymenuvannya vantazhovіdpravnih stantsіy vіdpravlennya i priznachennya, zalіznitsі, oderzhuvacha and takozh sequence number vantazhnogo Georeferencing that іn.

When perevezennі vantazhіv carload vіdpravlennyami in zalіznichnomu, zalіznichno Water-chi-zalіznichno avtomobіlnomu spoluchennі and takozh vantazhіv drіbnimi vіdpravlennyami Square od mind spoluchennya vіdpravnik markіruє cutaneous Location.

Rozrіznyayut markuvannya trademark, vіdpravne, spetsіalne i transport.

Mercantile markuvannya mіstit naymenuvannya virobu i titles virobnika product, yogo address zavodsku mark, GOST i INSHI neobhіdnі vіdomostі about goods.

Vіdpovіdne markuvannya zaznachaє number Georeferencing (in chiselniku) i mіsts number (in znamenniku) naymenuvannya vіdpravnika i otrimuvacha paragraph vіdpravlennya i priznachennya.

Spetsіalne markuvannya (poperedzhuvalne) vkazuє on sposіb zberezhennya Vantage i s povodzhennya him on high road i protyagom vantazhnih operatsіy. Transportation markuvannya applied vіdpravnikom fraction (in chiselniku - serial number, for Yakim tsya vіdpravka priynyata transported to zgіdno s a book vіdpravlen have znamenniku - number mіsts vіdpravki), fractions of order s - number vantazhnoї nakladnoї. Transportation markuvannya inflicting on vantazhne Location Square od vіdpravnogo markuvannya.

Pid єdinim tehnologіchnim processes rozumіyut ratsіonalnu system organіzatsії robots stantsіy primikannya that pіd'їznih shlyahіv Promyslova of companies. Tse pov'yazuє tehnologіyu obrobki sostavіv that vagonіv on stantsіyah primikannya that pіd'їznih Shlyakhov i zabezpechuє єdiny rhythm that carried virobnichogo Promyslova processes of companies. Vіn peredbachaє vikoristannya efektivnosti metodіv pratsі, kooperovane zastosuvannya tehnіchnih zasobіv the agriculture tsehіv of companies that zalіznichnih stantsіy toscho.

Tsei processes in vіdobrazheno dokumentі, yaky viznachaє order robots pіd'їznogo high road i stantsії primikannya. Vіn Got zabezpechiti nayratsіonalnіshe vikoristannya tehnіchnih zasobіv vehicle workshop pіdpriєmstva i stantsії primikannya, priskorennya turnover vagonіv on stantsії pіd'їznomu is the high road. HEAD zavdannya robots for єdinim tehnologіchnim processes - vikoristannya vnutrіshnіh resursіv for priskorennya turnover vagonіv i vikonannya transported, zobov'yazan, zaznachenih in ugodі about ekspluatatsіyu pіd'їznogo high road.

Єdiny tehnologіchny processes rozroblyaє front fee in skladі іnzhenera vіddіlennya head (head), predstavnikіv vіddіlіv ekspluatatsії, scheduled tehnіchnogo, vantazhnogo, Shlyakhovoy іnzhenerіv, locomotive vіddіlu i predstavnikіv pіdpriєmstva, Money Does nalezhit pіd'їzny Way. Front fee keruєtsya zalіznits provisions of the Statute, the rules that transported rekomendatsіyami schodo skladannya єdinih tehnologіchnih protsesіv robots pіd'їznih shlyahіv that stantsіy primikannya.

Tehnologіchnі Process Robot vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office Je warehouses Chastain zagalnogo tehnіchnogo processes. Decal for great vantazhnih dvorіv, container punktіv that sortuvalnih platforms skladayut samostіynі (okremі) tehnologіchnі processes, pov'yazanі s tehnologієyu robots stantsії, hour podachі that pribirannya vagonіv pid Vantazhni operatsії.

Tehnologіchny processes peredbachaє poslіdovnіst i trivalіst komertsіynih operatsіy scho vikonuyutsya on vantazhnomu dvorі that in tovarnіy kontorі. Yogo for Naychastіshe rozroblyayut with such a scheme:

Stisla characteristic vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office:

• large-scale scheme that roztashuvannya shlyahіv obladnannya
• vantazhnogo yard їh spetsіalіzatsіya i rozmіri (dovzhina, area is toscho);
• perelіk skladіv (Closed-vіdkritih i) їh korisna Ploscha that rozrahunkova mіstkіst (in tonnes);
• perelіk zasobіv mehanіzatsії vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih robіt that їh rozrahunkova produktivnіst;
• perelіk zasobіv mehanіzatsії i avtomatizatsії operatsіy in tovarnіy kontorі that їh produktivnіst;
• tovarnoї plan offices, cars roztashuvannya scheme obladnannya, dovіdkovih vkazіvok that rozmіschennya robіtnikіv;
• obsyag komertsіynih operatsіy scho Teper i vikonuyutsya vikonuvatimutsya nayblizhchі have two or three prophets;
• vіdomіst nayavnogo i potrіbnogo (rozrahunkovogo) state robіtnikіv vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office, vklyuchayuchi vantazhnikіv that mehanіzatorіv;
• perelіk ob'єktіv vantazhnogo yard (sortuvalna platform, container yard, pіdvischennya shlyahіv toscho) mode їh robots (one-Dvi zmіni, tsіlodobovo) in zvichaynі, svyatkovі, vihіdnі dnі;
• rozrahunkova required in avtotransportі for imported vivezennya vantazhіv i have robochі th vihіdnі dnі (for ob'єktah);
• character nerіvnomіrnostі nadhodzhennya vantazhіv on ob'єkti (mіnіmum, maximum, at serednomu) i Robot tovarnoї office (for perіodami Dobie);
• rozklad priymannya vantazhіv drіbnimi vіdpravkami i in containers;
• zavdannya on formuvannya chat i perevantazhuvanih vagonіv scho zavantazhuyutsya drіbnimi vіdpravkami i containers.

Operational planuvannya i upravlіnnya komertsіynoyu robots:

• stisly Opis order rozrobki i zatverdzhennya Dobova plan robots that yogo form;
• scheme information The nadhodzhennya vantazhіv, pributtya їh on stantsіyu i filed on vantazhny dvir for rozvantazhennya;
• grafіk (rozklad) Robot maneuverable locomotive on ob'єktah vantazhnogo court;
• circuit court upravlіnnya robots vantazhnogo i commodity inspection;
• zv'yazku Manager scheme i s ob'єktami stisly regulations committing commands i obsession Informácie od robіtnikіv, zaynyatih on vikonannі komertsіynih operatsіy;
• Form dispetcherskogo grafіka (zvіtu) Where Money Does for vstanovlenimi perіodami fіksuєtsya operational camp on vantazhnomu dvorі i in tovarnіy kontorі;
• i circuit stisly zvіt about vikonannya koshtorisnogo zavdannya i Dobova plan robots;
• tablitsі standards hour to vikonannya komertsіynih operatsіy;
• іmenny list osіb, vіdpovіdalnih for zabezpechennya nalezhnoї robots ob'єktіv;
• tehnіchnі normalized zavantazhennya vagonіv Basic Vantage, scho through vіdpravlyayutsya vantazhny dvir;
• sіtkovy grafіk vikonannya vantazhnih i komertsіynih operatsіy on vantazhnomu dvorі i in tovarnіy kontorі.

Tehnologіya vantazhnih i komertsіynih operatsіy:

zaznachaєtsya order priymannya Vantage, for priznachenogo transported, navantazhennya on Rukh composition vivantazhuvannya s vagonіv, skladuvannya, navantazhennya on vehicles i vidacha oderzhuvachu on vsіh ob'єktah vantazhnogo court. Here takozh reglamentuєtsya robot tovarnoї office - decorated i peresilannya perevіznih dokumentіv.

Obov'yazkovoyu warehouses tehnologіchnogo processes Je grafіki vikonannya operatsіy. Pong reglamentuyut costs o'clock i order vikonannya okremih operatsіy for Some of the elements.

In tovarnіy kontorі dotsіlno skladati grafіki on obrobku one document (vіdpravlennya) on vantazhnomu dvorі - okremo grafіki on priymannya, navantazhennya, rozvantazhennya that vidachu vantazhіv warehouses stantsії i bezposeredno in the car s car on odne vіdpravlennya (carload abo drіbne) i for all grupu vagonіv, SSMSC podayutsya odnochasno. The Money Does razі whether, if at vikonannі operatsіy take fate kіlka robіtnikіv have grafіku treba zaznachati vikonavtsіv usіh elementіv, vrahovuvati mozhlivіst paralelnostі їh robots.

On osnovі tehnologіchnogo processes rozroblyayut іnstruktivno-tehnologіchnі cards for robіtnikіv provіdnih profesіy: priymalnikіv-zdavalnikіv vantazhіv, mehanіzatorіv, trademark kasirіv, taksiruvalnikіv, komertsіynih agentіv, іnformatorіv, dispetcherіv toscho. In kartі zaznachayut Posada, Location Robots give perelіk poslіdovnіst operatsіy i is the normalized hour to їh vikonannya and takozh pokazuyut, who od robіtnik oderzhuє zavdannya i before Kim zvіtuє for yogo vikonannya. In kartі fallow od mіstsevih minds shaping can Buti zaznachenі th INSHI danі. Іnstruktivno-tehnologіchnі Carty vivіshuyut on vsіh robochem mіstsyah de vikonuyutsya Ti Chi INSHI tehnologіchnі operatsії. One primіrnik їh dodaєtsya to tehnologіchnogo Process Robot vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office.

Perche nіzh rozpochati skladannya tehnologії robіt vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office, team zbiraє i analіzuє materіali, danі zvіtіv scho harakterizuyut obsyag i Robot character. Vaughn takozh retelno doslіdzhuє robochі Georeferencing robіtnikіv provіdnih profesіy, vivchaє minds i rіven organіzatsії pratsі. In this protsesі doslіdzhennya conductive hronometrazhnі sposterezhennya for vikonannyam tehnologіchnih operatsіy, viznachayut pozavirobnichі vitrati robochem hour i reason, scho zooms їh and takozh vuzkі Georeferencing in robotі vantazhnogo court i tovarnoї office. In hodі robots vivchayut naybіlsh ratsіonalnі priyomi vikonannya okremih operatsіy.

Viznachayuchi tehnologіchnі norms neobhіdno dwellers stink boule real i zabezpechuvali:

1) skorochennya prostoїv Rukh composition of yak pid operatsіyami so i ochіkuvannі in them;

2) pіdvischennya rіvnya vikoristannya vantazhopіdyomnostі i mіstkostі vagonіv that avtomobіlіv;

3) pіdvischennya produktivnostі pratsі komertsіynih robіtnikіv, mehanіzatorіv, vantazhnikіv;

4) polіpshennya vikoristannya zasobіv mehanіzatsії that avtomatizatsії vantazhnih i komertsіynih operatsіy.

One s bunt minds uspіshnogo vikonannya tehnologіchnogo processes - sumіschennya operatsіy i on mozhlivostі not poslіdovne and parallel їh vikoristannya. Reserve pіdvischennya produktivnostі pratsі Je vmіle sumіschennya profesіy i Povny zavantazhennya usіh robіtnikіv protyagom day.

Parallel imported that vivezennya Vantage on stantsіyu i Zi stantsії - basic forms vzaєmodії Zaliznicnovo that avtomobіlnogo transport. Dedalі bіlsha uwagi pridіlyaєtsya organіzatsії carried in the scheme of the car-avtomobіl avtomobіl i-car, without promіzhnogo zberіgannya Vantage on skladі. Over the minds vantazhuvannya s car in avtomobіl for direct varіantom zasobami stantsії operatsії "vantazhuvannya", "vidacha" that "navantazhuvannya" Je sumіsnimi.

The basic Umov organіzatsії robots for direct varіantom - zabezpechennya zavantazhuvannya th rozvantazhennya Rukh composition in vstanovlenі termіni at pіdvedennі vagonіv i avtomobіlіv for grafіkami. For tsogo on stantsіyah zdіysnyuyut neobhіdnі organіzatsіyno-tehnіchnі dії and the Same:

• єdine kerіvnitstvo vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnimi robot (s wagons avtomobіlyami i), scho vikonuyutsya zasobami mehanіzovanih stantsіy vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih robіt;
• єdiny tehnologіchny processes vikonannya komertsіynih operatsіy at priymannі that vidachі vantazhіv;
• Contact grafіk vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih robіt s cars that avtomobіlyami.

Slіd vrahuvati mіstsevі minds robots vantazhnogo court i avtomobіlnogo transport. Mozhlivі takі robots schemes for direct varіantom:

• odnochasne nadhodzhennya vagonіv that avtomobіlіv zgіdno s Contact grafіkom on Georeferencing vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih robіt;
• postіyna nayavnіst on stantsіyah pevnoї kіlkostі avtomobіlіv, ready to priymannya vantazhіv scho nadhodyat zalіznitseyu.

For direct varіantom zavantazhuyut not uves car and deprivation yogo Chastain. Nayefektivnіshoyu Je organіzatsіya robots for Perche scheme. When tsomu Way Got zabezpechuvati ritmіchnіst pіdvedennya Rukh composition i yogo svoєchasnu supply to vantazhno-rozvantazhuvalnih frontіv in vstanovleny tehnologіchnim Process hour. Sutnіst contact grafіka polyagaє in fact scho in nomu sumіschenі after hour, obsyagom transported processes, SSMSC vikonuyutsya zalіznichnim i avtomobіlnim transport. Contact grafіk zabezpechuє nayvigіdnіshі virobnichі vzaєmozv'yazki i poslіdovnіst vikonannya okremih operatsіy s obrobki Rukh composition s mіnіmalnimi costs o'clock i koshtіv. Otzhe, tіlki uzgodzhena robot transport skladskogo Gospodarstwa fіrmi daє zmogu zabezpechiti optimally logіstichnu system peremіschennya materіalnogo flow.

Tehnіchnі zasobi scho podayut vantazhovіdpravniki zalіznitseyu abo pid navantazhennya pіdpriєmstva road vehicles, toil Buti A good tehnіchnomu i komertsіynomu stanі.