home Management lecture notes Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

Upravlіnnya special projects (abstract lektsіy NUDPSU)

5.3. Sutnіst that osnovnі Elements sіtovogo planuvannya th upravlіnnya

Chіm skladnіshe planovana abo robot project, team skladnіshe zadachі planuvannya operational, control th upravlіnnya. In Tsikh minds zastosuvannya calendar grafіka zavzhdi not Mauger Buti dosit zadovіlnim, Especially for a great second collapsible ob'єkta, oskіlki not dozvolyaє obґruntovano th promptly planuvati, vibirati optimally varіant trivalostі vikonannya robіt, vikoristovuvati reserve th koreguvati grafіk in hodі dіyalnostі. Pererahovanі nedolіki lіnіynogo calendar grafіka digit mіroyu usuvayutsya at vikoristannі Sistemi sіtovih models SSMSC dozvolyayut analіzuvati grafіk, viyavlyati reserve th vikoristovuvati Electro-obchislyuvalnu tehnіku. Zastosuvannya sіtovih models zabezpechuє reasonableness detailed company profile robіt, stvoryuє minds for efektivnosti kerіvnitstva.

All processes znahodit visvіtlennya in grafіchnіy modelі, yak nazivayut sіtovim grafіkom. In sіtovomu grafіku vrahovuyutsya OAO All robots od proektuvannya to zaprovadzhennya in dіyu, viznachayutsya naybіlsh vazhlivі, kritichnі robot od vikonannya yakih deposits termіn zakіnchennya project. In protsesі dіyalnostі Je mozhlivіst koreguvati plan vnositi zmіni, zabezpechuvati bezperervnіst in operational planuvannі. Іsnuyuchі methodological analіzu sіtovogo grafіka dozvolyayut otsіniti stupіn vplivu Making Change log on hіd zdіysnennya Warming prognozuvati robіt camp on the Future. Sіtovy grafіk vkazuє exactly a robot, od yakih deposits termіn vikonannya prog.

Sіtove planuvannya th upravlіnnya (SPU) - tse sukupnіst rozrahunkovih metodіv, organіzatsіynih i Verification zahodіv schodo planuvannya th upravlіnnya complex robіt for Relief sіtovogo grafіka (sіtovoї modelі).

Pid robіt mi'll rozumіti complex whether yak task for vikonannya yakoї neobhіdno zdіysniti dosit Velika Quantity rіznomanіtnih robіt. To dwellers sklasti plan robіt on vikonannyu great i Folding proektіv scho vklyuchayut tisyach okremih doslіdzhen i operatsіy, neobhіdno opisati їh for Relief matematichnoї modelі. So zasobom inventory proektіv Je sіtova model.

With іtova model - tse plan vikonannya Pevnyi complex vzaєmozalezhnih robіt, jobs at formі sіtki, grafіchne The images yakoї nazivaєtsya sіtovim grafіkom.

Some of the elements bunt sіtovoї modelі Je robots th podії. Termіn robot SPU Got kіlka values. According au-Perche, Tse dіysna robot - processes, yaky trivaє in chasі i vimagaє vitrat resursіv (napriklad, zborka virobu, viprobuvannya priladit minutes, etc.). Cutaneous robot guilty Buti specifically, chіtko Description th mother vіdpovіdalnogo vikonavtsya.

Alternatively, ochіkuvannya tse, yak trivaє in chasі - processes, scho not vimagaє vitrat pratsі (napriklad, processes sushіnnya pіslya farbuvannya, tverdіnnya concrete th, etc.).

In tretє, tse zalezhnіst, abo fіktivna robot - logіchny phone reception mіzh EYAD abo kіlkoma robots (podіyami) SSMSC not potrebuyut vitrat pratsі, materіalnih resursіv abo hour. Vaughn vkazuє scho mozhlivіst odnієї robots bezposeredno deposits od rezultatіv іnshoї. Naturally, scho trivalіst fіktivnoї robots priymaєtsya rіvnoyu zero.

Podiya - tse completion point Pevnyi processes scho vіdobrazhaє okremy Etap vikonannya project. Podієyu Mauger Buti chastkovy result okremoї robots abo sumarno result dekіlkoh robіt. Podiya Mauger zdіysnitisya tіlki todі, if zakіnchatsya OAO All robots scho Yomou pereduyut. Nastupnі robots mozhut an opened tіlki todі, if Podiya zdіysnilasya.

Zvіdsi dvoїsty character podії: for vsіh bezposeredno poperednіh Yomou robіt Won Je kіntsevoyu, and for the following vsіh bezposeredno behind it - Pochatkova. When tsomu peredbachaєtsya, scho not Got Podiya trivalostі i zdіysnyuєtsya yak bi mittєvo. Tom cutaneous Podiya scho vklyuchaєtsya in sіtovu model guilty Buti Povny like i usebіchno viznachenoyu, її formulyuvannya Obey mіstiti in sobі result usіh bezposeredno poperednіh їy robіt.

Figure 5.1. Osnovnі Elements sіtovoї modelі

When skladannі sіtovih grafіkіv (models) vikoristovuyut umovnі poznachki. Podії on sіtovomu grafіku (abo, yak slit speaking on grafі) zobrazhuyutsya circles (vertices of the graph), and the robot - strіlkami (orієntovanimi arcs):

- Podiya,

- Robot (processes)

- Fіktivna robot - zastosovuєtsya for sproschennya sіtkovih grafіkіv (trivalіst zavzhdi dorіvnyuє 0).

Sered podіy sіtovoї modelі vidіlyayut vihіdnі i zavershalnі podії.

Vihіdna Podiya not Got poperednіh robіt i podіy scho vіdnosyatsya to representation in complex modelі robіt. Zavershalna Podiya not Got the following robіt i podіy.

Іsnuє th Inshyj principle pobudovi trammel - without podіy. At the top of the graph takіy MEREZHI oznachayut viznachenі robots and strіlki - zalezhnostі mіzh robots scho viznachayut order їhnogo vikonannya. Sіtovy grafіk "robot-phone reception" on vіdmіnu od grafіka "podії robot" Got pevnі perevagi not mіstit fіktivnih robіt, Got bіlsh Prostu tehnіku pobudovi i perebudovi, vklyuchaє tіlki good znayome vikonavtsyam ponyattya robots without Mensch zvichnogo ponyattya podії.

Together s note MEREZHI without podіy viyavlyayutsya uniquely bіlsh gromіzdkimi, to scho podіy zvichayno less then uniquely, nіzh robіt (pokaznik skladnostі MEREZHI, dorіvnyuє vіdnoshennyu robіt number to the number of podіy, yak usually vіn іstotno bіlshe odinitsі). Tom tsі MEREZHI Mensch efektivnі s Look keruvannya complex. Tsim i poyasnyuєtsya that fact, scho in Danian hour naybіlshe poshirennya won sіtovі grafіki "podії robot."

Yakscho in merezhnіy modelі Absent numeric otsіnok, that such structural trammel nazivaєtsya. However praktitsі naychastіshe vikoristovuyut MEREZHI have yakih zadanі otsіnki trivalostі robіt and takozh otsіnki іnshih parametrіv, napriklad trudomіstkostі, vartostі i like