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Culturology - Gritsenko TB

Міська culture

At the XI century. Centers of cultural life in Zahidnyi Єvropi steel mista. Miska culture bula vylnodumnuyu that anti-church and tisno povchyazanyu z folk creativity. Nayaskravshi tsi risi were shown at the local literature, yak was made on the basis of the national movement on the counterpart of latin literary literature.

Widened literary genres were virshovany novels, bikes, fries (fablio in France, Schwank in Nimecchin). Їm characteristic satire, sarcasm, jasrakva vividness. They nasaszhuvalas nenasitnist priesthood, bezplnidist scholastic wisdom, neviglstvo feodalіv, scho stood on the sidewalk tverezogo і practical glance at svit, which was shaped by the inhabitants of the city. Fablio that shvanki created a new type of hero, but one can find a vihid from a situation, dyakuchi, to a natural rose, that property. Wisdom to the people nabula form prisliv'ya that order. Tserkva transferred Myskih poetiv.

With the folklore genre becoming a mystic satirical epos. In the yogin basi, the buki of the nodule, scho were born in the early early Serednyovitch. To finish the widening buv "The novel about the Fox ", with the wines of the same wit and the fox Renard (the image of the rosy one and the practical city-dweller), the blunt one of the bloodthirsty Vovka Izengrina , the strong brat of Vedmed Bren .

In the XIII century. To appear in the theater. Teatralizovanі дійства (так звані міські "ігри") мали світський житєвий character. Viraznimi zakosibi tsikh dіstv buli folklore, creativity of roving actors - jugglers, dancers, musicians, musicians, acrobats, magicians. At the XIII century. Nayubyllenisheyu bula " Gra pro Robena and Marion ." Teatralizovani "igri" rozigruvalasya in Moscow plazah, stench vidvityvuyvali people culture Seredniovchchya.

Nosіy spirit of protest that vіnnomudstva buli mandryvnі studenta ta studenti - vaganti , scho buli opozitsyno tune up to the church of these different orders. Vaganti made their way to the railway and the latin line, in some of them the joy of life was spelled out. So, the trip of the French poet's XV century. Viyona is torn by the tart taste of life, lirism, tragic curses and drama. Yogo virshah - sufferings of forgiven people, їх optimism that rebellious mood of that hour.

Ідеями вільнодумства поняльнота досить популярна у ХІV ст. "The novel about the rose " is a philosophical-alegoric poem. Authorize him to deceive Nature and Rozum, criticize the class structure of feudal syspilism.

For rozvitku serednynovichnoy culture greatness is small creativity of the eminent poet and mistress, florentiytsya Dante Alig'yory (1265-1321 pp.). The yogo's most important is " Divine Comedy ", in which the author created a great picture of the holy place, nature, butty of the Suspina and that people. Він веде читача через пекельні муки, чистилище, до бажаного раю, Щоб знайти мудрість, зміцнити the human spirit заради ідеї добра.

Democratic and realistic tendencies, scho were broadened in the face of Seredniovchchia, manifested themselves in the creative works of the most prominent writers and poets. The goal of the creation of the ispanskogo war is the writing of Juan Manuele (zbirnik pochalnyh opovidan "Count Lucanor"), the English poetry Jeffrey Chaucer ("Kenterberiyskogo opovidannya") and Uylyama Lenglenda ("Vidinnya Uylyama about Petra Oracha") that. In an hour, the Moscow culture became an inimitable part of the national culture in the city.

Let's show the people's culture through the period of Seredniovchchy, the synthesis of ceremonial and virgin forms becoming a carnival - a maso of people's festivities with a vivid procession, a masquerade and rozvagami. The noses of the carnival holy boule mandrivni actors - gistrions. In France, they were called jugglers, Nimecchyns - spielmen, in Іppanії - huglars. Stink buli nosіami artistic word for neosvіchenyh people, provіdniki kolektivnoї pam'yatі people.