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Culturology - Gritsenko TB

6.6.1. Освіта і culture

Руська (українська) мова у литовській державі було визнана офіційною. She wrote legislative acts, rozporyadzhennya, judgments, lists to Ukrainian magnates, and stoosuvalis mistsevich sprav. In zbirniku lawіv 1565 р. The boule was written down, but "the scribe is a mousy, in Russian they are beckoning people and words in Russian all the words and call writers." Руська мова існувала у двох варіантах - північным (білоруському) и південному (українському).

Expand the sphere of importing Ukrainian customs. In 1556-1561 rr. In the Peresopnytsia Orthodox Monastery on Volyn by Mikhail Vasilevich iz Syаnok on the Knyagin Anastasiya Golshanskoi-Zaslavskoi boule the first was heard from the Donin's re-entry of the text of the Gospel of the Bulgarians to the Resurrection of Ukraine. У рукописі Пересопницького Євангелія чітко виявлені phonetic, grammatical, lexical rices of the people's Ukrainian art XVI century.

Perebuvuychi at the warehouse of the Polsko-Litovskoi Power, Ukraine zlizhuvalasya із Західною Європою. Звідти йшли нові культурні впливи, зокрема латинізація. Tsvy vpplyvi hunted the heights of Ukrainian gromadyanya. Through Poland, Ukraine got acquainted with such trends in the cultures of Zahidnii Yevropi, yak humanism and reform.

Zmіtsnennu zahіdnoevropeyskikh cultural vplyvіv fostered i інші історичні події. So, in 1389 the river. Після бою на Косовім полі Сербія відійшла під владу турків. In the year 1393 r. Втратила політичну незалежність Болгарія. In 1453 r. Під удаками турків перестала існувати Візантія. Usse tsevlo to indulgence vzaemin Ukraini n Vіzantієyu, Serbієyu ta Bulgariієyu i іtim zmenshilo kulturnі vplyvi, scho yshli z cih kraїn.

Західноєвропейські кульні впливи penetrated into the Ukraine through the quiet of Ukrainian telecompanies, who received the news in the Ukraine and other European countries. Bagato of them became the witnesses, poets, viznachnimi gromadskimi polichichnimi diyachami. At the Parisian University in 1353r. Pidvishchuvali osvitu magistr Petro Cordovan i yogo "comrades of Poutenii". Here I studied at 1369 r. Ivan the "Rutenne", in 1397 rivers. - "Herzan Vilevich rutenskoi natsії z Kieva". 3 XV century. At universities in Prague (basics of 1348 r.) And in Krakow (a vinica in 1364 rivers), they laid down special bursi (gurtozhitki) for students from Ukraine. Тільки в одном Краківському університеті from 1510-1560 of the river. Distali osvitu 352, and the extension of the XV-XVI century. - 800 vihіdtsіv з України. At the lists of students of Krakivsky University, you can see 30 іmen ugrozhentsіv Drogobich that 70 - iz Sambora. At the University of Prague, the special "Lithuanian Collegium", de Lithuanians, Lithuanians, Bilorusians. Students from Ukraine have done the same for Bologna, Paduan, Basel, Heidelberg, Leidensky and other European universities.

At the lists of students of universities near Leipzig and Vittenberries it is necessary to learn from 1498-1534, in Kenigsberg - from 1544 r. Specialny pidrahunok student-Ukrainians, yakis navchalysya in universities that інших навчальних mortgages Німеччини в другій половині XVII-XVIII ст, to become close 450 osib. At the Kenigsberg University, Albertina in the 16th century. І to the end of the XVIII century. 250 Polish students entered.

Part of the Ukrainian students was embraced by pratsyuvati in Zahidnyi Європі. Deykі z of them became foremost representatives of the zahidnoevropeyskoy humanistic culture.

To the pupils of the European scale, the proponent of the humanistic and novelties of the science of the Buv Yuriy Kotermak , bіlsh vіdomіy svіtі yak Yurі Drohobich. I was born in the mid-si'm of the Drohobitsky estate of Mikhail Donat Kotermak. 3а тодішнім звичаєм Юрій Образ собі нове прізвище - Georgiy Drotbich de Rusia, scho means vlasne Georgi Drohobitsky, Rusi, Bo land, on yakі it was known as the capital city of Yuriy, called the Chervona Rusu.

Pisemna bіografіya Yurіya pochynaetsya u 1469 р., If the prіzvische yunaka z'yavilosya y lists of students Jagiellonian University in Krakow. Yak nezamozhny vstupnik vin vnis lishe one penny. Viyavlyayuchi nadzvichaynu napleglivist, through the river becoming a bachelor, and in 1473 r. Folding on the steps of the magistracy of sciences. But otrimany znannya yogo is not zadovolnyayut, і Y.Drogobich virisha up to Італії. З 1473 р. Vchitsya in nayslavetnoshomu todi in Європі Болонському університеті, established in 1119 р.

The student of Drohobich ґruntovno vivchaє astronomіy that medicine, to finish shvidko zdobuvє nayvishchі naukovі zvannya. In 1478 the river. Отримує ступмнь доктора філософії, стає професором. Strait of 1478-1482. Read the lectures on astronomy in the Bologna University, and in 1481-1482. Having perebuvav on posadі the rector цього університету. In 1482 r. Yomu poznamyuyut zvannya doctor of medicine - the first of all vihіdtsіv із України. Він першим з українців почав робити ротин человеського тіла; Shoob vidkriti cause zabyro i vidnayti zasobi їh likuvannya, practicing yak likar. For the great extravaganza in the national culture, the title of bovine bulldog Bologna.

Y. Drogobich ñ the author of the first book of friends, seen by the Ukrainian behind the cordon. Tsya book pіd nazvoyu "Prognostichna otsinka flowing 1483 року магістра Yurіya Drogobich z Rusі, doctor fіlоofії ta medіziņi to the University of Bologna" вийшла у Римі латинською мовою 7 лютого 1483 р. І відома лише в двох примірниках.

Крім астрології, the book is submitted by the scientists in the course of astronomy, meteorology, phylosophy, economics, reografy. Zokrema, it has a crushing demand to trace the geographic coordinates of Moskvi, Vіnno (Vilnius), Kafi (Feodosії), Lviv, Drogobich. Cе є перші відомості about Ukraine in a different vision.

Відомо, що у 1488 р. Y. Drogobich znovu pereehav to Krakovsky University and pochav read lectures from astronomy, medicine, theory of mysteries. Dekhto z doslіdnikіv stverdzhuє, scho majbutnij polski vcenij Mikolaj Kopernik - the author vchennya about gelіotsentrichnu system, listening to the lecture of the lecturer "vіlnyh mistetstv" Y.Drohobich, bosym on the chyomu faculty of schooling to learn from the fall of 1491. * 42

* 42: {Kordon M.V. Українська та зарубіжна Culture: Курс лекцій. - К .: ЦУЛ, 2003. - С. 269-270.}

The middle of the humanities of the Ukrainian march is the jasper-colored post-print buvo Pavlo Protseler (Rusin) . Bihn to resemble the city of Krosna (ni ni polvo). P. Rousin navchavsya at Krakovsky that Greysvaldskomu (Nimecchina) universities, the active hour pritsyuvav Nimecchin and Ugorschin. Він викладав римську літратуру in Krakivsky University, having enchanted there poetic grouse of the young. His own writing was written in latin music. Polimichnym zdobutkom novolatinskoy travel XVI century. Bula virshov zbirka "Pisni Pavla Rusina z Krosna" (1509 rubles).

Bugatooh European kraynah well knew the prazі z fіlofії, publіcistichnі tvor prodi svyaschenika-gumanista Stanislav Orikhovskogo, the ugly of the village of Orikhivtsiv in the Peremishlya district of the Russian religion. Bihn studied in Krakivsky, Vidensky, Wittenberg, Paduan and Bologna universities. Більшу частину життя having lived in Italy, the glory of the past has grown in all parts of Europe. I would like to draw attention to the artistic approach of the country and the future of the city to the blinding pictures of the Ukrainian political field of prose that publishes the works of S.Orikhovsky "About the Turkish Word" ... (1543-1544), "The Confusion of the Polish Sigismund Augusta" (1543 ı 1548 pp. ), "Khreschennya in Rusiniv", a pamphlet "Розрив із Римом". S.Orіhovskiy one of the first means of representation in the European political mind, having blocked the divine walk of the sovereign power, categorically hanging out against the order of the Holy Prince of the Spirit, vidstoyuvav nevruchannya church from the state authorities.

S. Orikhovskogo vvazhali unperverted orator і nazivali kraiskyskim Demosthenom and juvenile Cicero . Especially well-known for his own promises against the Turkish-Tatar aggression. Переважна більшість вчих вважає саме С. Оріховського as an official in the field. At polemic with the Catholic theologian Jan Sakran o Osventscim vin becoming the zahist orthodox viri. S.Orіhovskiy was writing his own "rutenkim" walks of the head, pidkresluvav tse v tipupah.

In Ostrog, the diann of the great Ukrainian patriot, the active seeker of the orthodox, Kiev Vasily Kostyantynovich Ostrozky was called. Prince Kostyantyn-Vasil Ostrozky buv naveplivysim sred in the hour of Ukrainian magnates.

In Ostrozky words of the Greek-Latin-Latin schools of a viscous type, the krasch of the science of the forces of Ukraine were seen. They have so called "the most ancient mysteries": grammar, rhetoric, dialektika, arithmetic, geometry, music, astronomy. School itself bula zhivim zapezchenchenam zapevnen opponents of Ukraine, scho nebito on the basis of ecclesiastical words and dictionaries of the traditional nemislimі nіyaka science i vzagalі osvіta. The participants called the її "trimovnym lіtseєm" chi "trіmnіnu гімназією", (навчання it was conducted by three movers: Greek, latinsky that Ukrainian (in Russian), but "Greek-words of the Academic language." Vona vvazhaetsya first scientific institution of Ukraine, the first Ukrainian The head pawn of the European type. Tse boo viyav zahidnogo oriєntatsії, nezvichaynoy for khristianstva.Styagom 60 rockiv (1576-1636 r.) In the schools navchalosya 500 osib.

Warehouse parts Ostrozkogo osvitnogo osredku, zarachi shkolyu steel khurtok pupils of theologians that phylogy and with nyomu drukarnya. Naiviznachnishim predstavnikom Ostrozkogo litarturno-nauchnogo gurtka, the first rector of the school buv Gerasim Danilovich Smotrytsky , sin vidomogo sotyu literaturnno-knizhnoyu pratseju dyaka-rewriting books Danila z Smotrich. G.Smotritsky asked to Ostrog for pidgotovki to the friend of the Bible K. Ostrozky.

Vihovantsom Ostrozkoi school, the son of Gerasimu bou Meletiy Smotrytsky . Yogi is a member of the Buli Batko, and one of them is the Organized Organizer in the Ostrozky School, the graduate of the Paduan University in the Ukraine, the Greek Kirilo Lukaris, a kind of death of Gerasim becoming rector; But in spite of 1601 р. - patriarch Alexander; And in 1621 р. - Constantinople.

Розквіт діяльності М.Смотрицького припадє на першу чверть XVII ст. Він був all-embracing people: pedagogue, perekladach, written-polemist, church-polichnichny dyach. Ale is the most famous famous M. Smotritsky yak author єdinogo for that hour posobnika z mosovi - "Grammar Slovene ...", seen from 1619 r. Drukarneyu Videnskogo brotherhood in the m. Єv'yu (teper Vejis, Lithuania). The yogi of the girdle is tisno tied to the cultural and national ruin in the Ukrainian and Bilorus lands of the XVI century - the cob of the 17th century. In the fundamentals of the Ruhu, the Boulo is the preserve of the cultural traditions, the Zokrem of the Church-Word of Russia, the Science, Science, Literature.