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CULTUROLOGY - Gritsenko TB

Osvita. The science

Vazhlivim Bulo those scho in Ukraїnі took the lіkvіdatsіyu nepismennostі, oskіlki perevazhna bіlshіst population of Ukraine does not vmіla Chitat th pisati. In 1920 r. Bulo target Nadzvychaina sytuatsia komіsіyu on borotbі nepismennіstyu s, and in 1921 travnі Radnarkom Ukraine uhvaliv decided "About Borotba s nepismennіstyu" zgіdno s yakoyu all population respublіki vіkom od six to p'yatdesyati rokіv guilty Bulo vchitisya Chitat th pisati.

Spetsіalnoyu Holds VUTSVK i RNA URSR (1929) ovolodіnnya literacy progoloshuvalosya obov'yazkom to The Citizen Power. In Ukraїnі Bulo vіdkrito access to osvіti dіtyam usіh stanіv, school zvіlnyalasya od church vplivu, Osvita zdobuvalasya rіdnoyu movoyu. Pіslya 1917 p. stvoryuєtsya zagalnoosvіtnya school in ambushes bezplatnoї obov'yazkovoї zagalnoї th polіtehnіchnoї osvіti for vsіh dіtey oboh articles vіkom 17 rokіv s rіdnoyu movoyu vikladannya.

W 1924 r. in Ukraїnі Pochatkova Osvita it became obov'yazkovoyu, and in 1932-1933 pp. Bulo embarked on obov'yazkovu semirіchnu osvіtu. Power of Namangan ohopiti navchannyam vsіh dіtey shkіlnogo vіku, Hoca in 1932-1933 pp. Quantity dіtey vіkom 8-10 rokіv not ohoplenih navchannyam becomes 2%. For zabezpechennya shkіl teachers, Bulo zbіlsheno trammel pedіnstitutіv i tehnіkumіv (at 1926 River in Ukraїnі Bulo 12 pedіnstitutіv;. At 1932-46). Stvoryuvalasya system zaochnoї osvіti.

Rozvivalasya profesіyno-tehnіchna serednya spetsіalna that Vishcha school. For pіdgotovki robіtnichih kadrіv boule stvorenі School factory-zavodskogo uchnіvstva (trade schools).

Pіslya 1917 p. boule Cancelled maynovі, stanovі, natsіonalnі that INSHI obmezhennya scho іsnuvali ranіshe. Vid molodі Selyanske that robіtnichogo pohodzhennya at vstupі to BIS not vimagavsya document about serednyu osvіtu. Factuality pіslya skasuvannya dorevolyutsіynih pіlg i privіleїv zaprovadzhuvalisya novі scho znizhuvalo rіven profesіynoї pіdgotovki. W 1921 r. The Teaching in vischih mortgages Bulo target robіtnichі faculty for pіdgotovki to start at the university robіtnichoї i selyanskoї molodі. Vіdchuvalasya GOSTR neobhіdnіst in kvalіfіkovanih vikladatskih frames bo od poslug vikladachіv scho pratsyuvali to revolyutsії, vіdmovilisya. For pіdgotovki vuzіvskih vikladachіv boule stvorenі іnstituti Chervona profesuri, and Harkovі - Komunіstichny University IM. Artem.

In seredinі 30th district. ukraїnska school postupovo vtrachaє svoє natsіonalne oblichchya, more in 1932-34 pp. zaprovadzheno zagalnosoyuznu system narodnoї osvіti s unіfіkovanimi programa i pіdruchnikom.

In 20-s p. aktivіzuєtsya Naukova dіyalnіst. HEAD Naukova oseredkom respublіki Bula Vseukraїnska akademіya Sciences (AUAS) zasnovana at 1918 p. Akademіya ob'єdnuvala blizko 40 NAUKOVO-doslіdnih zakladіv in yakih pratsyuvali 37 chlenіv AUAS. Akademіya pratsyuvala not Harkovі, todіshnіy stolyci, while Kiєvі scho give mozhlivіst Pevnyi hour Unikat polіtizatsії. Until 1921 p. AUAS ocholyuvav V.Vernadsky, at pp 1922-1928. - Vidatny prirodoznavets V.Lipsky, and in 1928-1930 pp. - Akademіk D.Zabolotny. The Academy rozgornulasya robot over the Dictionnaire Ukrainian Language, Zgoda Bulo utvoreno іnstitut Ukrainian Language for rozrobki termіnologії in rіznih Galuzo science.

At the Branch іstorichnoї science pratsyuvali vіdomі vzhe vchenі D.І. Yavornitsky, A.Yu.Krimsky, D.І. Bagalіy, z 1924 r. s turning emіgratsії MS Grushevskogo, Peru yakogo nalezhit bіlshe tisyachі Naukova Pratzen.

Digit uspіhіv Ukrainian vchenі dosyagli in the Branch fіziki i mathematics. D.O.Grave, M.M.Krilіv that M.M.Bogolyubov sacrificed pіdvalini nelіnіynoї mehanіki.

Rozrobkami s teorії fіziki zaymavsya harkіvsky Ukrainsky junction of two physical-tehnіchny іnstitut Where Money Does Pevnyi hour pratsyuvav І.V.Kurchatov. In 1932 r. Vpershe here in Bulo CPCP the piece rozscheplene nucleus of an atom.

Talanovity vinahіdnik Y. Kondratyuk escorting doslіdzhennya s teorії kosmіchnih polotіv.

In 1929r. for іnіtsіativoyu Є.O.Patona Bulo zasnovano elektrozvaryuvalnu laboratorіyu, 1932 p. reorganіzovanu in Іnstitut elektrozvaryuvannya AUAS. Vpershe in svіtovіy praktitsі automaticity zvaryuvannya metal music zastosuvali on budіvnitstvі Dnіprogesu that Magnіtki.

At the Branch receptionists zdorov`ya pratsyuvali Zabolotny, M.F.Gamalіya, F.G.Yanovsky, M.D.Strazhesko, V.Ya.Danilevsky, P.M.Buyko, P.І.Barannik, The .P.Komіsarenko.

Fahіvtsі s genetics that selektsії Roslyn i tvarin A.O.Sapєgіn, V.Ya.Yur'єv, M.G.Holodny vivodili novі sortie pshenitsі, barley, Kukurudza, vіvsa, vprovadzhuvali in sіlske Gospodarstwa NAUKOVO obґruntovanі sіvozmіni.

Uspіhi of Ukrainian vchenih boule b znachnіshimi, yakbi not represії, yakih stink zaznayut s cob 30th rokіv. Pіslya pripinennya ukraїnіzatsії in 1932 grudnі rock mayzhe OAO All movoznavchі pratsі (in addition chislі pravopis 1928 p.) In Ukraїnі boule viznanі "natsіonalіstichnimi" i viluchenі s Naukova vzhitku.

Ti-20 pp. vіdznachalisya pozhvavlennyam natsіonalnogo relіgіynogo Zhittya. On the high road yogo, however, postіyno vinikali polіtichnі pereshkodi. Peredumovoyu dіyalnostі relіgіynih organіzatsіy becoming decree radyanskoї Uryadov Ukraine "About vіdokremlennya church od powers that school od the Church" (1919 p.). Power ofіtsіyno slapped rіvnі mozhlivostі for dіyalnostі rіznih relіgіynih napryamіv. Koristuyuchis CIM prihilniki Nezalezhnosti pravoslavnoї church od rosіyskoї on Vseukraїnskomu church soborі in Kiєvі (Zhovten, 1921) Vote stvorennya Ukraїnskoї avtokefalnoї (samovryadnoї) pravoslavnoї UAOC Church (Persha єpiskopom becoming V.Lipkіvsky). Bіlshіst vіruyuchih in UAOC led Bazhannya sluhati service Boru she prays rіdnoyu movoyu. In the 2nd polovinі 20s rokіv pochinayutsya represії stosovno kerіvnitstva tsієї Church, scho boule ogoloshenі "petlyurіvtsyami in robes."