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Ekonomіka pratsі - Zavіnovska GT

8.4. Normie costs pratsі

On pіdpriєmstvah zastosovuyut rіznі Vidi pratsі standards. Nayposhirenіshі s takі them:

a) normalization hour, SSMSC viznachayut Quantity robochem hour, potrіbnogo for vigotovlennya odinitsі produktsії abo for vikonannya Pevnyi obsyagu robіt;

b) normalized virobіtku, SSMSC viznachayut Quantity produktsії, Cauterets treba vigotoviti, abo obsyag robots, yaky Got Booty vikonany robochem per unit hour. Normie virobіtku vimіryuyutsya in natural odinitsyah (pieces, meters toscho) i virazhayut neobhіdny result dіyalnostі pratsіvnikіv;

c) normovane zavdannya scho viznachaє neobhіdny assortment of i obsyag robіt scho toil Buti Realized one pratsіvnikom ABO Group (brigade Lanka) for vіdrіzok Danian hour (zmіnu, Dobou, mіsyats). Normovane zavdannya, Jak i norm virobіtku, viznachaє neobhіdny result dіyalnostі pratsіvnikіv. Prote normovane zavdannya mozhna ustanovlyuvati not tіlki odinitsyah in kind, and in the first standard-Godin, labor UAH;

d) normalized obslugovuvannya, SSMSC viznachayut Quantity odinits ustatkuvannya, robochem mіsts, square metrіv ploschі toscho, SSMSC obslugovuyutsya one robіtnikom abo Brigade;

d) normalized chiselnostі robіtnikіv for yakimi vstanovlyuyut Quantity robіtnikіv tієї chi іnshoї the category, potrіbnu for vikonannya Pevnyi obsyagu robіt;

e) normalized kerovanostі (kіlkostі pіdleglih) viznachayut Quantity pratsіvnikіv, yak Got Booty bezposeredno pіdporyadkovanoyu one kerіvnikovі.

Normie costs robochem hour for stage obґruntovanostі podіlyayutsya on tehnіchno obґruntovanі th doslіdno-statistichnі.

Tehnіchno obґruntovanі normalized pratsі progresivnіshimi Yea i vіdpovіdayut Suchasnyj rіvnyu rozvitku virobnitstva, їh rozroblyayut pіslya retelnogo vivchennya elementіv virobnichogo processes, costs an hour s urahuvannyam ratsіonalnogo vikoristannya virobnichih mozhlivostey robochem Georeferencing i advanced metodіv pratsі.

Tehnіchno obґruntovana rate peredbachaє +:

• robіtnika-vikonavtsya vіdpovіdnoї kvalіfіkatsії, produktivnіst pratsі yakogo Got perevischuvati serednyu produktivnіst pratsі robіtnikіv, zaynyatih on analogіchnih operatsіyah, i vіdpovіdati steel dosyagnennyam peredovikіv virobnitstva instead їhnіm okremim record dosyagnennyam;
• podіl tehnologіchnogo processes on okremі operatsії i poslіdovnіst їh vikonannya s urahuvannyam mozhlivostey ustatkuvannya, yak vikoristovuєtsya, scale virobnitstva i tehnіchnih vimog scho be up to virobіv of Quality;
• zastosuvannya naydoskonalіshogo for Pevnyi virobnicho-tehnіchnih minds tehnologіchnogo i transport equipment, nayvigіdnіshih rezhimіv robots ustatkuvannya;
• nayratsіonalnіshu in Pevnyi virobnichih minds robochem Georeferencing company profile;
• svoєchasne zabezpechennya robochem Georeferencing vsіm potrіbnim;
• zastosuvannya nayratsіonalnіshih sposobіv vikonannya the Labour Act reasonably priyomіv i robіtnika;
• naypovnіshe i naydotsіlnіshe sumіschennya in chasі pratsі okremih robіtnikіv for grupovoї i brigadnoї forms organіzatsії pratsі;
• nayavnіst Normal sanіtarno-gіgієnіchnih minds on robochem mіstsі.

At the rate of one hour to enter tіlki normovany hour. Vaughn skladaєtsya s such elementіv:

Hv = To.p Tob + + + TPA + Tv.o.p Tp.z,

de hv - tehnіchno obґruntovana norm hour to vigotovlennya odinitsі produktsії;

To.p - hour operational costs;

Tob - vitrati hour to obslugovuvannya robochem Georeferencing;

Tv.o.p - Pererva on vіdpochinok i osobistі required;

TPA - reglamentovanі Pererva s organіzatsіyno-tehnіchnih reasons;

Tp.z - vitrati pіdgotovcho-zavershalnogo hour.

Usі skladovі Chastain normalized to one hour podayutsya masshtabі vimіryuvannya (hvilinah, Godin).

Pershi Elements utvoryuyut so the title of the piece rate hour (Nt.sht):

Nt.sht To.p + = + Tob Tv.o.p + Tpr.

In the minds masovogo virobnitstva pіdgotovcho-hour zavershalny not vrahovuyut pid hour rozrahunku normalized hour, oskіlki Pete Wagga tsієї category of costs in the hour zagalnomu balansі robochem Neznachny hour. Tom warehouse normalized hour in Masov virobnitstvі zbіgaєtsya Zi frame rate of block hour.

In the minds serіynogo th odinichnogo virobnitstva to warehouse normalized hour vklyuchayut pіdgotovcho-zavershalny hour at tіy kіlkostі in yakіy vіn pripadaє on skin odinitsyu blanks abo parts pevnoї partії. In tsomu vipadku rate per hour rozrahovuyut formula:

de hv - normal hour;

n - in Quantity virobіv partії, NY;

Tsht - rate piece o'clock, xs;

Tp.z - rate pіdgotovcho zavershalnogo-hour on partіyu.

Doslіdno-statistichnі normalized viznachayut on osnovі dosvіdu i randomness zvіtnih danih. Pong zvichayno buvayut an understatement, it is easy for perevikonuyutsya navіt nizkoї produktivnostі pratsі, prihovuyut nedolіki in organіzatsії pratsі i virobnitstva.

Tsі norm does not viyavlyayut virobnichih mozhlivostey ustatkuvannya, vіdbivayut already passed Etap virobnitstva.

Otzhe, takі norm does not mobіlіzuyut pratsіvnikіv pіdpriєmstva on ratsіonalne vikoristannya hour on dosyagnennya visokoї produktivnostі pratsі th polіpshennya vikoristannya virobnichih resursіv.

Vihіdnimi danimi for viznachennya magnitude i rіvnya normalized hour Je standards s pratsі, SSMSC stanovlyat reglamentovanі quantities rezhimіv robots ustatkuvannya, costs an hour to vikonannya elementіv (abo kompleksіv) virobnichogo zavdannya, pratsі costs obslugovuvannya odinitsі ustatkuvannya (abo one robіtnika, brigade, dіlnitsі) potrіbnoї kіlkostі robіtnikіv for vikonannya odinitsі virobnichogo zavdannya abo virobnichoї operatsії. Yakіst normativіv pratsі viznachaє i yakіst tehnіchno-obgruntovanih standards.

W rozvitkom tehnіchnogo processes i vdoskonalennyam organіzatsії virobnitstva i pratsі regulations require perіodichno koriguvati. Pong toil vіdbivati ​​rіven suchasnoї tehnіki, organіzatsії virobnitstva i pratsі, vrahovuvati peredovі methodological pratsі, vpliv rіznih chinnikіv on trivalіst vikonannya operatsії that її okremih warehouses elementіv, Buti zruchnimi for koristuvannya pid hour rozrahunku tehnіchno-obґruntovanih toscho standards.

For spheres zastosuvannya standards podіlyayutsya on mіzhgaluzevі, galuzevі i mіstsevі; for skladnіstyu structure - by diferentsіyovanі (elementnі) th ukrupnenі; for the character - on standards rezhimіv robots ustatkuvannya, regulations hour, obslugovuvannya norms, standards chiselnostі.

Standards rezhimіv robots ustatkuvannya - tse reglamentovanі quantities parametrіv robots ustatkuvannya, SSMSC zabezpechuyut naydotsіlnіshe їh vikoristannya s urahuvannyam type virobnitstva, referring ustatkuvannya, obroblyuvanih materіalіv, nature obroblennya, zastosovuvanih іnstrumentіv i Especially vigotovlenoї produktsії.

Standards hour - tse reglamentovanі vitrati hour to vikonannya okremih elementіv robots abo operatsіy. Pong priznachenі normuvannya for machine-Hand i Hand robіt and takozh Hand elementіv operatsіy, vikonuvanih on rіznomu ustatkuvannі.

Regulations obslugovuvannya nazivayutsya reglamentovanі amount of expenses on pratsі obslugovuvannya odinits ustatkuvannya, robochem Georeferencing, robochoї Brigade.

Chiselnostі standards - tse reglamentovana Quantity pratsіvnikіv, SSMSC potrіbnі for vikonannya pevnoї robots.