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Основы економічної теорії: політекономічний аспект

Розділ 15 COMPETITION I MONOPOLY IN THE RINK SYSTEM

§ 1. Rinkovy form and methods of the rink economy of economical sub'ektivs

About the rhinoceros say that, if you look at the time popita and propositsii be-yakogo goods. З усіх numerical mozlivostey klasifikuvati rinki rozglyanemo tilki one: for the structure of the story popita ta propozitsii, tobto for kilkistyu and the strength of participants in the rink. Vihodachi z pripuschennya, sho kilkist sub'ektiv rinku znachoditsya v pogortnіsim proporazatії up to їh si, tobto up їх vplyu on rinkovі podії, obshmemo rіvnіst "багадох" з малим ринковим впливом, "кількох" з середньою ринковою силою і "one" з великой вла -out on the market. Yak is the result of the three main variance of the rinko-vih forms: polipolicy, oligopoly and monopoly (from the Greek: polein - kupu-vati abo prodavati, monos - one, oligos - kilka, polis - bagato). Rinkov typology on the basics of the viscose, the visage is inferred, but in Table. 2.

Butt-ends before the rim-shaped forms. 3. Before de-yakih forms so prikladi pіdіbrati dosit important, and before the action vid-nosno easy, napriklad, poshta, phone jasarkovo demonstratyu mono-napolіya propositsіїї. Найважче підібрати butts for поліполії. Tsa rinková form, with yakіy bagato sellers resisting velikiy

Table 2. Typology of the Rink Forms

Кількості покупців, characterized by the economical theory yak pre-scoring competition (clean, clean). Щоб ринок відповідав цьому терміну, order with a polylistic yogo structure, it is possible to flog a doff-muvatish so that you can: on the chrome rink moe bouti one-to-one; Salesman і купець не повинні мати be-які персональні преференції (переваги); Rinok is guilty of buti ponnyostyu spy, the toto yogi sub'ekti povinni volodіi povnoyu іnformatsієyu about the value of propositions, tsіni, yakist tochno; All participants in the rink in Winnie Reaguwati; however, great shvidkistyu on zmіni yogo pa- rametriv; Yak sell, so і закуці повинні мати можливість віль-ного access to the market and the sooner the znogo. Оскільки прикладів полі-полії в сучасній економіці існує дуже мало (валюна біржа, інші біржі), then the rivalries of the current state of the country have been overcome. In practice, the competition is under-resigned. Vona vikika in the minds, if not all the pro-daltsi galuzi mozhut zapoponuvati pivny product for diyuchoyu tsinoyu. Залежно від кількості продавців і покупців one і of the same goods on the rіzrоr rіzrіznyayut tihnії rinkovoї povedinki і ymo-vіrnі uznaty rinkovoі діяльності (Table 3).

The simple and the water-borne type of the rink economy of the economical sub-regions is the monopoly.

At the base of the vinikennya monopoly pokleno obektivny process rozvitku productive forces naprikintsi XIX - on the back of the XX century. The establishment of an open-ended, privatized, eco- nomic system of vi-magalo adequate virobnicho basis in the vigil of the great machine vibrobitvva. By rozvitom technology, in his chervok, prikorjuvavsya process vitenosnnia dribnih pіdpriemstv: nova tehnika could bikti vichoristan deprived of great pidpriemstva.

Technological transitions allowed the zmugu more efficiently organizuvaty vibrotic process, at the same time with economy on zagalnye vitrates, a high productivity of pratsi, rozshirennyaem mozhnostey u vikoristan

The credit was aggravated by the unfolding of great pi-priests and post-slaughter-shuval їhnyu role in the promiscuous virbitnts.

In an hour's time, after a period of time, if the expansion of the concentrator and centralization of the capital and the vibrobit- nia on the basis of competition in the country, the springs are transferred from the gospodar's system. The main part of the Suspilny virbitnitsva vyyavilasya zosedredzhenoyu nebagagoyoh great pidpriemstvah, rivalry mizh yakimi mala especially otlubovo rui-nivnyi character and obscured the most important negative naslichkami. Dwellers zapobіgti ruynіvnim forces konkurentsії, mother zmogu Arise-lyuvati visokі tsіni on goods th otrimuvati maximum profit-current velikі pіdpriєmstva steel grupuvatisya, utvoryuyuchi monopolistic-lіstichnі ob'єdnannya. Monopoly came to the forefront of competition. Vona zasperchuvala rinkovu stihiiu and introduced an element of the svyodomo-regulyuvannya rinkovih vidosin. Analis visnikennya і rozvit-ku proizvodiv monopolizatsii buv conductions at the broadside of V.I. Lenina "Імперіалізм, як найвища стадія капіталізму".

For monopolії harakternі vіdsutnіst vіlnoї, doskonaloї Conca rentsії on market analysis, de Won panuє, i zagrozi Private tsіlyam її s side kontragentіv, SSMSC vnaslіdok svoєї chiselnostі not mozhut protidіyati zgurtovano th uzgodzheno.

Author vіdomogo amerikanskogo pіdruchnika s ekonomіchnoї teorії "Ekonomіko" K. McConnell that S. Bru pіdkreslyuyut scho-monopolistic lіya - tse situatsіya for yakoї number prodavtsіv staє nastіlki Malim, scho cutaneous Seller already zmozі vplivati ​​on zagalny obsyag propozitsіy and otzhe, І on tsinu product, but sold. Zvidsy can be visified, but practical for its own economical day, mono-polisticheskoj situatsіya on rinku vinikaє tidi, if at pevnіy gal knots domіnuyt kіlka korotcіy, oskilki vony maiyut zmogu otitsіy-nogo, and takozh neofitsynogo slander for panyuvannya to rinku ot-Riemannia Monopoly pribudku.

On the basis of the comprehensive competition of the monopoly, the intercompetrine-competitive nature and the spontaneity of its dyen on the order of the gospodarstvo system, zahischayuchi і stabilizuyuchi її with the method of safe-keeping of the economical transitions to the high concentration of the gospodetsky odnitsyam. Вже перші розвинуті оргаізаційні form monopollі - cartelі, syndicati, trasti - сутєво підірвали внутрирішньогалузеву конкуренцію.

The cartel syndicates have narrowed the competition to the spheres of the obyg. Ukladennya lands about osoblivі minds realіzatsії tovarіv i rozpodіl rinkіv zbutu zruynuvalo Povny nezalezhnіst i freedom rinkovih zv'yazkіv i zabezpechilo minds for ekonomіchnoї realіzatsії їhnogo panuvannya.

Z poovoyu trestіv monopol'nom regulyuvannya hunted takozh pro-tses vibrobitvtva. Chastkova planomіrnіst tіlki not become a form of Ruhu kapіtalu within okremogo pіdpriєmstva, yak Tse Bulo power of perіodu vіlnoї konkurentsії and wider on the second virobnichі that komertsіynі zv'yazki mіzh pіdpriєmstvami scho entered the warehouse to the Tres. Monopolistic planarity became nabuvati novi-scale-biv, a sound water pressure of the rink-competitive forces.

Monopolizuvavshih vyrobnitsvto in okremih galuzah promyslovosty, tristy fought podalshy concentrates vibrobitvtva i kapitalu. The goal was to materialize the basis for the ejection on the vibro-wings of the earlier galaxies and to penetrate into the new galusies. Z'yavilisya real umvi for obmezhennia mizhgaluzevo rivalry and stanovlenya ba-gatogaluzevyh monopoly.

Evolution of monogalous monopolls in bagatogaluzevi vidbuvala-xia, in the first place, kombinuvannam, tobto ob'ednannam pidpriemstv teh-nologichesko povyazhanyh mizh otboju galuzey promislovosty, napriklad, vugilnogo, metallurgicno, avtomobilebudivelnoy; In a different way, through the di-version of the vibrobitvita - the penetration of the monopole in the galusies, but they are not directly affected by the basic sphere of Ёхньої діяльності. Naslіd-kom diversifikatsii have become a concern - a great deal of bagatogaluzevo ut-rennia, which postopovo zapoplyuyut golovnі poskії yak in the rinks, and in the virbitnitva sphere.

Formal types of the rink monopoly of the gentry's sub-к-т б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б б,

Bilateral monopoly for the sake of nayavnosty on the market is less than betting counterparties: one seller - one merchant. Їm not contaminant-zhuє konkurentsіya s side іnshih ekonomіchnih sub'єktіv: svoєmu on market analysis stink povnі gospodarі against їhnya Ekonomichna Vlad obmezhe-on, oskіlki rinkovі vіdnosini mіzh them harakterizuyutsya vzaє-mozalezhnіstyu.

In obmezheny monopoly in the galusovyu rink, there is one pro-davets (monopolist) and a kilka of purchases. There ekonomichna vlada mono-polії синіша, ніж at білатеральній монополії: Хоч покупців і негорагато, але вони конкурруть one-to-one for the right to enter the market of goods from the monopolist.

Nayiblsha ekonomichna vlada u .vlasne monopolії: monopolistu-kompanetsyu protistat bahato kupretcіv, vіdnoshini mіzh yakimi budus-yutsya na rivalrynіy osnovі. Functionality of the succinct poputu vystupaye in tsiomu vipadku yak funktsiya індивідуальної ринкової ціни монопо-ліста. For maximizing their pribudku monopolist is guilty of the dovyagi rіnnovagi mіzh tsіnoyu і kіlkіstyu produktsії, at yakіy uzvorilasya b naybіlsha rіznitsya mіzh virchkoju і валовими витратами. To this yogo method і відшукання рівноваги граничних витрат і boundary works. Monopolist is the defocus of commodity propositions, a clear and compulsory value, and the most important is the interchange of the boundary vitrites. Stvorya-

There is a monopole surplus. Behind the scores of the American economist F. Scherer, the crooks, and vice versa of the monopolistic resource base, become 0.5-2 scores of the gross national product of the United States. Here, macroeconomic and macroeconomic interests disappear. Monopoly yak mikroekonomichny sub'ekt reach its private facilities.

Monopoly yak ідеальний type ринкової поведінки економічних суб'єктів на практиці зустрічається дуже рідко. Prote y syogodnі na natsionalnyh i svitovih galuzevyh rinkah functitsіonu tsiliy a number of firms, yakі zaimayut there may be monopole position. The classic butt of the international monopoly is the diamond syndicate "De Birs", which controls 80 to 85 proposals in the Proposals.

Until the monolithic treadmills lie on such a huge trans-sport, zv'yazok, vibroitnitsu and postavchannya elektroenergii tescho. Takі pіdpriєmstva nalezhat to the natural monopolіі і на місцевих рів-нях вони підлягають державному регулюванню.

In kolshnnomu SRSR ekonomichnaya polity of the power of the Svidomo zdіy-snjulavalsya in the strains of the minds for the monopoly position of the vibro. Primitivne rozuminnya історичної tendentії до зростання усуспільнення виробництва ototozhnyvalo yogo z velikom i nadveve-liikim vibrobnitsvom. In the result in the promiscuous koloshnogo SRSF, the nascent in the vicinity of the concentration of vibrobitvita has been folded. Skin pіdpriєmstvo gave products in the middle 4 times біль-ше, ніж американське, and in the middle of the year the number of hunters on one pidpriemstvі Mayzh in 10 разів перезащувала аналогічний показ-ник для країн Зажду.

Monopolization of the economy of the colossal SRSR caused not the thirteenth of the concentration of vibrobitvita, but the practice of realizing pro-industrial products, for the anchor for vibroblasts, the zones of realiza- tion were set up, devils were acting as monopolists. Until then, the kon-kurentsyya was interpreted as a vada of a roughened pidpriemnitsky tovar vibrobitvtva.

The promises of structuring in the economics of command-and-administrative systems were traditionally characterized by a great area of ​​con-centration. Багато видів продукції випускала нелія кількість виробників, protégé centrázování vivnachennya цін і обсягів вироб-ництва pereskojalo виникненню на цьому грунті problems mono-polizmu, typical for the economy. One bagato pid-priemstv actively vikoristovuvali its monopole stanovishche, that number for otrimnya dodatkovyh osyagіv kapitalovklokdeni iznshih resursiv.

Крім концентрації виробництва монополізм at the command-admi-nistrativnyi sistemі мав soі osoblivostі. In a nutshell, the camp of a tanning deficit forming a supernumerary popit on the product of bilhos pidpriemstv. Forming a "sellers' rink", and kozhne pidpri-estate became a monopoly of its own purchases, without exclusion, in the collection of goods, the goods were unloaded in one product. In a different way, the entire power sector in the macroeconomic aspect of the emerging monopoly, the secrecy of all forms of overlap with one sovereign - the state, the yak is not bungled against the competition between them.

Ukraina dystala at the spasms of the law-and-monopoly, zhorstko zatsen-tralizovanu system gospodarjuvannya. Pobudova efektivnogo natsіo-nalnoy ekonomiki preexisting the legal basis of obmezhennya monopolizmu, the inadmissibility of unfair competition at the pidpriem-nitskiy diyalnosty zdіysnennya state control of the doders of the norms of antitrust laws.