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Istoria Ukrainy - Polonska Vasilenko Natalіya: Volume 1

Algirdas (1341-1377)

Pіslya ґedimіna death in 1341 by Grand Duke rotsі Litovsko-Ruskoї powers becoming yogo syn Algirdas, yaky viyaviv currently duzhe talanovitim organіzatorom. Doroshenko nazivav yogo genіyalnim. HEAD uwagi Algirdas zvernuv on ekspansіyu vbіk Ruthenian lands on Pivden that shvdeyny Skhid. In 1350 their Rokach Litovske knyazіvstvo not spromoglosya opanuvati that Novgorod Pskov, hoch polіtichne encampment there Bulo Duzhe zagrozlive; tsі Mista boule mіzh EYAD VAUGHN: Swedes i livonskі litsarі - s one side of th Maskovskiy knyazіvstvo - s another. Tsya Borotba vimagala bіlshe forces nіzh low power Litovska th utverditisya there Litovskomu knyazіvstvu not away. In 1350 their Rokach, vnaslіdok rozbittya mіzh okremimi weak knyazіvstvami - pіddalasya Litovskomu knyazіvstvu bіlsha Chastina Chernіgіvschini. Bryansk, Chernіgіv, Novgorod-Sіversky, Trubchevsk, Starodub, Novosіl that INSHI dіstayut okremih knyazіv, rodichіv Ol-ґerdovih bratіv Dmitriev Koribut Dmitro-i Bratanich Narіmundo-vich. On skhіdnіh lands zalishilisya starі Ukrainian knyazі yogo pid zverhnіstyu. On teritorії Chernіgovo-Sіverschini Litovske knyazіvstvo embarked on the Way konkurentsії s Maskovskiy knyazіvstvom i spochatku peremagalo Yogo. In 1360 their Rokach Algirdas opanuvav Kiїvschinu i have planted Kiєvі Svoge sina, Volodymyr. Well Todі pereyshla pid litovsku zverhnіst Pereyaslavschiny.

Istoria of Kyiv in Article XIII. little visvіtlena, ale yogo bezepіrnoyu with zalezhnіst od Tatars. Pіdlyagav їm i Prince Fedir, yakogo zgaduєtsya in the XIV century. So rank, priznachennya Olgerd to Volodymyr of Kyiv viklikalo nezadovolennya Tatars i їh pohіd on Zahist Fedor. Over rіchkoyu Sinіmi Waters in 1363 rotsі Olґerd rozbiv tatarskі Sealy i Primus їh vіdstupiti. In іstorichnіy lіteraturі Dovgy hour vvazhalosya scho Sinі Bodi - tse rіchka cyanosis, swam p. God. M. Grushevskogo vvazhav, scho is not cyanosis and Suchasna Snivod, yak ranіshe nazivali "Hsin Water" on pogranichchі Kiїvschini, Volinі one Podillja. Tacke rozumіnnya topografії mіstsevosti de vіdbulasya battle viyasnyuє, chomu Olґerdova Peremoga to "Sinіy Vodі" vіdkrila for Demba Way on Podillia. Podillja scho ranіshe nazivalosya Ponizzyam little tsіlkom okreme encampment. Vono pіdlyagalo Halytska knyazіvstvu, ale if priyshli Tatari vіdіrvalosya i od of Galicia in OPIN bezposerednіy zalezhnostі od Tatars. Vische vzhe zgaduvano about those yak Bulo hard navіt Danilovі lead Borotba s "tatarskimi people" Ponizzya. Zgoda, s weakening of the Tartars, SSMSC podіlilisya on kіlka hordes Ponizzya was zhiti Vlasnyi Zhittya: there organіzuvalisya mіstsevі Gromada, SSMSC samі without knyazіv, keruvali svoїm Zhittya. Pіslya Peremohy over the Tatars, Algirdas priznachiv on Podillja svoїh plemіnnikіv, sinіv Korіyata: Yurіya, Oleksandra is the Constanta-on. In lіtopisі zbereglasya duzhe tsіnna vkazіvka scho tsі knyazі 's affection in uvіyshli otamanami, Pocha boroniti Podіlsku land and figure out Baskakov tribute ceased. " Tsya vkazіvka poyasnyuє uspіhi litovskoї ekspansії of Ukrainian lands in not yak OCCUPIERS came stink scho lamayut starі zvichaї i povodyatsya zavoyovniki yak and yak people scho Shuka spіlnoї MTIE s population. Korіyatovichі porozumіlisya s mіstsevimi bulks, defended the population od Tatars buduvali fortetsі - Bakota, Smotrych, Kamianets, yaky becoming the capital of Podillia.

Sered of Ukrainian lands, scho pid OPIN Vladoiu Lithuania tsіlkom okreme Location nalezhalo Volinі. Tsya Bhagat Krajina for HP-HІU stolіttya zvikla Grati vidatnu rolyu in state-sponsored zhittі Ukraine. Won bula naybіlshim knyazіvstvom, i protyagom 40 rokіv fought s Poles ugrami; її obkrayuvali, obmezhovuvali: In 1352 rotsі, pіslya pohodіv Kazіmіra on Volyn, Volzku parish dіstav Yuriy Narimun-vich, Kholmshchyna - Yuriy Danilovich, Beresteysku - Keystut, Kobrinsku - Algirdas. Liubard staravsya zberegti samostіynіst Volinі, Ale Tse Bulo hard. "Vіchnim world" 1366 rotsі znovu vrіzano Lyubartovі volodіnnya: Volodimirsku land dіstav Oleksan der Korіyatovich - radshe, yak namіsnik king nіzh yak udіlny Prince. Lyubartovі zalishilasya Lutsk land, ale th s neї prilucheno to Galychyna pіvdennu Chastain - s Krem'yantsem, Olesko, Peremyshl. Vikoristavshi death Kazіmіra that viїzd funeral yogo Korіyatovicha Oleksandr, Volodymyr Liubard zahopiv bezsprotivu i zruynuvav polsky Castle. In 1376-1378 pp .. tochilasya vperta Borotba for zemlі scho vіdіyshla to Galicia. Lachey Ludwik Ugorskogo death in 1382 gave rotsі mozhlivіst Lyubartovі rotate tsі zemlі.

Not zvazhayuchi on tyazhkі vіyni, velikі nevdachі, Doba Westminster for Volinі small viklyuchne values. Vіn time s Cay (Guth CCB naymіtsnіshim іz knyazіv, i stink boule vdvoh postіynimi doradnikami Olґerda Liubard - wrote M. Grushevskogo - zberіg for Volinі viynyatkovo encampment:. Won bula "zovsіm osіbnim svіtom" is not similar to the Great Knyazіvstvo Litovske Liubard. dbav for rozvitok torgіvlі, CCB zasnovnikom defense Murowana castle in Lutsk, buduvav church pobuduvav Misto Lyubar and the head -.. for Demba Volyn zalishalasya ukraїnskoyu land Sered bіloruskih land Pershi priyshli pid Vlad Lithuania Polotske that Vіtebske knyazіvstva W vіtebskoyu Princess Marієyu CCB odruzheny Olґerd. . Naprikіntsі pravlіnnya Algirdas have great knyazіvstvі Litovskomu Bulo 9/10 bіloruskoї that ukraїnskoї population size, yak vvіyshla to tsogo knyazіvstva zdebіlshogo Shlyakhov worlds dogovorіv. Olґerd that INSHI knyazі in charters .ogoloshuvali scho "starovini not rushayut, News not implementing the" i tse zdіysnyuvali on praktitsі. Navіt system knyazіvskogo upravlіnnya not zmіnilasya, tіlki Location knyazіv Mono mahovichіv posіli knyazі ґedimіnovichі, hoch zalishivsya th dehto s Monomahovichіv, SSMSC zobov'yazuvalisya conquer litovskomu Great knyazevі. Ruskі boyars yshli to litovskogo vіyska, entered the service before the new Uryadov. Ukraїnska Culture Vishcha, nіzh litovska, peremagala access in all Galuzo litovsku. Litovtsі pereymali ukraїnsku vіyskovu organіzaschyu, buduvannya Fortress system valіv, pereymali admіnіstratsіyu, Gospodarstwa; "Ruska Pravda" was Jerel law. In derzhavnіy praktitsі zbereglisya Ukrainian teryіni - "tіun", "namіsnik", "housekeeper" i, etc...

In Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstvі zalishivsya character "udіlnih" knyazіvstv, i for cutaneous Chastain zberіgalasya avtonomіya-valued. So, she Trokske Vіdenske (Prince Keistut) knyazіvstva Mali litovsky character navpaki - in Ruthenian lands ruled knyazі s Relief svoїh glad: at Kiєvі, Polotsku, Vіtebsku, Volinі toscho. Knyazі led his polіtiku: Andriy Olґerdovich Polotsky UCLA dogovіr s Order; Kiev vіv Borotba s Tatars, Volyn - s Poles. Prince is not right to judge the position MAV mezhami svoєї zemlі. On vіynu Grand Duke zaklikaet udіlnih knyazіv s їh vіyskami. In the great knyazіvstvі panuvala Rus'ka mova: about neї not mozhna slit Casati, scho bula ukraїnska then, more in nіy boule Elements bіloruskoї; Tse bula mova that, yakoї get used to the XI-XIII stolіttyah in knyazіvstvah Ukraine-Rus. Navіt on Zhmudі, yak becomes viynyatok svoїm conservatism, documents written Ruska movoyu. In the great Litovsko-Ruska knyazіvstvі peremogla Orthodox Vira. Vische vzhe bula mova, scho ґedimіn zalishavsya poganinom, ale yogo Chastina sinіv that dochok boule ohrischenі th poshlyubilisya s hristiyanami. Algirdas himself CCB dvіchі odruzheny - s daughter Vіtebskogo Prince Marієyu that Tverskogo Prince Yulіyannoіe. OAO All Yogo 12 sinіv that 6 dochok boule ohrischenі. Naprikіntsі XV century. deprivation Trokska land de knyazyuvav Olgerdіv brother Kęstutis, that Zhmudska zalishiyamsya poganskimi. Tsіkava rіch: in 1382 rotsі Zhmud said Yaґaylovі scho yogo viznaє prince Yakscho vіn zalishitsya vіrnim relіgії poganskih predkіv, i do not dіstavshi Zgoda, pereyshla to Keistut. It creates Mogutnov Litovsko-Ruska power, yak orієntuvalasya the long-Ruska, ale i to infect zahіdnoevropeysku culture. Olґerd vіriv firmly scho "all Rus Musitov nalezhati to Lithuania" i drugіy polovinі in the XIV century. rozpochav її "zbirannya", scho harakterizuє polіtiku Maskovskiy knyazіvstva deprivation s XV century. Dobou Olґerda Mauger harakterizuvati vіrsh, znaydeny in knizі Statute 1588 roku.