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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Ohanian GA

4.4. Zaynyatіst i vіdtvorennya robochoї Sealy

1. Sutnіst zaynyatostі.

2. Vidi i FORMS bezrobіttya.

3. Suchasnі problemi zaynyatostі in Ukraїnі.

Zaynyatіst: sutnіst i FORMS

Zaynyatіst population - tse Ekonomichna kategorіya, yak rozglyadayut s dvoh tochok Zora: zaynyatіst ekonomіchne ponyattya yak yak i zaynyatіst Ekonomichna problem.

Zaynyatіst population yak ekonomіchne ponyattya - tse dіyalnіst gromadyan, scho pov'yazana іz zadovolennyam NKVD that suspіlnih potreb i, yak usually bring їm dohіd in groshovіy abo іnshіy formі. Zaynyatіst population yak Ekonomichna problem - tse spіvvіdnoshennya chiselnostі pratsezdatnogo population i zaynyatogo population, yak harakterizuє stupіn vikoristannya of labor resursіv suspіlstva i situatsіyu pratsі on market analysis. Zaynyate population - tse gromadyani, SSMSC pratsyuyut for hiring, vikonuyuchi robot protyagom Povny abo nepovnogo robochem day and takozh Ti, hto Got robot oplachuєtsya scho, Tse i pіdtverdzheno vіdpovіdnim contracts, uzgodzhenim toscho document. Zaynyate population Je Activity Chastain resursіv of labor, yak zadіyana in suspіlnomu virobnitstvі. A zaynyatіst pokazuє stupіn uchastі pratsezdatnogo population in the national gospodarstvі.

Zaynyatіst population zabezpechuєtsya powers for Relief zdіysnennya aktivnoї sotsіalno-ekonomіchnoї polіtiki, spryamovanoї on zadovolennya yogo require of dobrovіlnomu viborі mind dіyalnostі and takozh stimulyuvannya stvorennya novih robochem mіsts i rozvitku pіdpriєmnitstva. Gromadyani vіlno obirayut Vidi dіyalnostі not zaboronenі zakonodavstvom. Primusove zaluchennya to pratsі at whether yakіy formі nepripustime. Dobrovіlna nezaynyatіst gromadyan not Je pіdstavoyu for prityagnennya їh to admіnіstrativnoї abo krimіnalnoї vіdpovіdalnostі.

Ukraїnі Law "About zaynyatіst population" od 1 Bereznev 1991 p. № 803-XII (іz for Change i add..) (Article 1). Peredbacheno, scho in Ukraїnі to zaynyatogo population nalezhat gromadyani scho prozhivayut on teritorії powers on law pіdstavah: pratsyuyuchі employment on minds Povny abo nepovnogo robochem day (tizhnya) on pіdpriєmstvah in Set i organіzatsіyah Square od forms vlasnostі have mіzhnarodnih that іnozemnih organіzatsіyah in Ukraїnі i behind a cordon; gromadyani, SSMSC samostіyno zabezpechuyut yourself robot vklyuchayuchi pіdpriєmtsіv, osіb, zaynyatih іndivіdualnoyu dіyalnіstyu of labor, CREATIVE dіyalnіstyu, members kooperativіv farmer that The members of їh sіmey scho take fate in virobnitstvі; obranі, priznachenі abo zatverdzhenі on oplachuvanu put in organs derzhavnoї Vladi, upravlіnnya that Gromadska ob'єdnannyah; gromadyani, SSMSC passing Strokov vіyskovu service abo alternative (nevіyskovu) service; gromadyani, SSMSC passing profesіynu pіdgotovku, perepіdgotovku i pіdvischennya kvalіfіkatsії s vіdrivom od virobnitstva; uchnі zagalnoosvіtnіh shkіl i Students vischih zakladіv osvіti; pratsyuyuchі gromadyani іnshih kraїn, SSMSC timchasovo prozhivayut in Ukraїnі i vikonuyut funktsії not pov'yazanі іz zabezpechennyam dіyalnostі embassies i mіsіy.

Otzhe, іz sotsіalnoї point Zora zaynyatі - tse gromadyani, SSMSC pratsyuyut vіdpovіdno to svoїh zdіbnostey vpodoban i i samostіyno Turning Location robot.

Form zaynyatostі population klasifіkuyut for rіznimi acquaint themselves. Zaynyatіst Mauger Buti standard non-standard i, i zareєstrovana nezareєstrovana (Fig. 31).

For trivalіstyu robochem hour zaynyatіst population podіlyayut on Povny i nepovnu. Povny zaynyatіst - tse dіyalnіst protyagom Povny robochem day (tizhnya, season), yak bring dohіd in normal to Pevnyi regіonu rozmіrah. Nepovna zaynyatіst - tse zaynyatіst okremoї Helsinki Human protyagom nepovnogo robochem hour abo s nepovnoyu pay chi s nepovnoyu efektivnіstyu.

For danimi about zarobіtok abo about vіdpratsovany hour rozrіznyayut yavnu (apparently) i prihovanu (invisible) zaynyatіst. Yavna nepovna zaynyatіst - tse shvidshe ponyattya randomness, such zaynyatіst vimіryuєtsya for Relief danih about zarobіtnu fee vіdpratsovany robochem hour abo have rezultatі spetsіalnih vibіrkovih doslіdzhen. Prihovana Povny (nepovna) zaynyatіst - tse analіtichne ponyattya, yak vіdobrazhaє disproportsіyu mіzh robochem power that іnshimi virobnitstva factors. Characteristically acquaint themselves prihovanoї povnoї abo nepovnoї zaynyatostі shaping can Buti nizkі income nepovne vikoristannya profesіynoї kompetentnostі abo nizka produktivnіst pratsіvnikіv.

For rіvnem efektivnostі vikoristannya labor potentsіalu population for suspіlno korisnim character trudovoї dіyalnostі viokremlyuyut ratsіonalnu i neratsіonalnu zaynyatіst.

Fig. 31. Klasifіkatsіya forms zaynyatostі in Ukraїnі