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Agrarian Ekonomіka of companies - Andrіychuk VG

8.7. Ponyattya Rinku zemlі

In rinkovіy ekonomіtsі OAO All factorization virobnitstva land, Prace i kapіtal - povinnі funktsіonuvati yak goods. In іnshomu razі, if that chi Inshyj resource in danomu vipadku land viklyuchaєtsya s povnotsіnnogo commodity obіgu, tse generally produces up zvuzhennya dії zakonіv commodity virobnitstva i unemozhlivlyuє dosyagnennya Povny efekt od novih stvorennya forms gospodaryuvannya on selі rinkovogo type. In nashіy kraїnі on zakonodavchomu rіvnі in virіshena main problem stvorennya Rinku zasobіv virobnitstva, robochoї Sealy, tsіnnih paperіv, fіnansovih resursіv, Informácie, tehnologіy toscho. W of acceptance of the new Land Code of the legal mortgage pіdґruntya i for stvorennya zemlі market analysis. Yogo Formation - tse folding processes, zumovleny nasampered polіtichnim chinnikom. Nerіdko іsnuє not tsіlkom correctly rozumіnnya sutі zemlі market analysis, yak often traktuyut Nadto zvuzheno, zvodyachi її deprivation to kupіvlі-sale zemlі. Ale tse - pomilkove tlumachennya zemlі market analysis. Navіt in kraїnah s visokoorganіzovanimi rinkovimi vіdnosinami kupіvlya sales sіlskogospodarskih land Got obmezheny character i become, for a number danimi doslіdnikіv, deprivation 0,5-1% od їh zagalnoї ploschі.

Rinok zemlі - tse nabagato Shirshov ponyattya, based yakogo very hard Yurydychna viznannya zemlі kapіtalom i mozhlivіst zdіysnennya fіzichnimi that Yurydychna personages zagalnoviznanih in svіtі operatsіy land. Vіdpovіdno to Legend rinok zemlі mozhna viznachiti yak sukupnіst Yurydychna legal i ekonomіchnih vіdnosin scho vinikayut mіzh sub'єktami of the market analysis in protsesі obіgu land dіlyanok: їh Orenda, obmіnu, kupіvlі-sale, to make, i daruvannya spadkuvannya.

Nayvazhlivіshoyu minds of becoming povnotsіnnogo Rinku zemlі Je privatnoї vlasnostі been approved, on the ground, yak daє right volodіti, koristuvatisya i rozporyadzhatisya her. Vodnochase toil Buti stvorenі minds for praktichnoї realіzatsії tsogo law. Skazhіmo, vlasnik zemelnoї dіlyanki guilty mother mozhlivіst vіlno in furrows chinnogo zakonodavstva vikoristovuvati right rozporyadzhennya land Shlyakhov її sale daruvannya, mіni, peredachі the outpost, she spadschinu Orenda. Takozh Got Booty Ekonomichna motivatsіya vihodu on land rinok prodavtsіv land dіlyanok i їh pokuptsіv. When tsomu Username Lost Password povinnі mother vіdpovіdnu platospromozhnіst i mozhlivіst otrimuvati priynyatny for them dohіd od pіdpriєmnitskoї dіyalnostі in sferі sіlskogospodarskogo virobnitstva. In its Cherga tse vimagaє stvorennya spriyatlivogo ekonomіchnogo seredovischa that іnfrastrukturi land market analysis.

Realіzatsіya vlasnostі rights to land daє zmogu zdіysnyuvati Poshuk bіlsh efektivnosti ruler through purchase-sales zemlі that її Orenda, zaluchati dodatkovі kreditnі resources through outpost zemlі th oderzhuvati dodatkovі іnvestitsії zavdyaki so the title of zv'yazanomu dіlyanok sale of land. Svіtovy dosvіd, nasampered Anglії, perekonuє scho sales sіlskogospodarskih land nerіdko vіdbuvaєtsya the Same manner, if sold to a farmer land dіlyanka takes him at dovgostrokovu Orenda (not less then nіzh 25 rokіv) i vodnochase vіn іnvestuє in rozvitok fermerskogo Gospodarstwa obumovlenu contract Orenda chastku viruchenih od koshtіv sale. Cena to the ground at tsomu descho znizhuєtsya (10-15%), Ale vzamіn farmer otrimuє nadіyne fіnansove dzherelo zdіysnennya kapіtalovkladen in sіlskogospodarske virobnitstvo.

Novim Land Code realіzovana vimoga Art. 14 Konstitutsії Ukraine about garantії privatnoї vlasnostі rights to land for vsіh sub'єktіv gospodaryuvannya that the provisions about їh rіvnіst before the law. W metoyu evolyutsіynogo rozvitku Rinku zemlі in nashіy derzhavі, nabuttya villagers, SSMSC won zemelnі dіlyanki in Private vlasnіst, vіdchuttya spravzhnogo vlasnika vkazanim law nakladeny, yak already zaznachalosya, trirіchny moratorіy the right kupіvlі-sale zemlі. Tsya norm does not rozpovsyudzhuєtsya on dіlyanki scho peredanі in Private vlasnіst for conducting pіdsobnogo Gospodarstwa NKVD, to conduct sadіvnitstva, holiday i budіvnitstva garage.

Slіd zaznachiti scho novim introduction of the Land Code timchasove obmezhennya schodo rozmіru zemelnoї dіlyanki for sіlskogospodarskogo vikoristannya, yak Mauger Buti at privatnіy vlasnostі, roztsіnyuєtsya ambiguous. W one side vono obmezhuє ruh zemlі to bіlsh efektivnosti vlasnika and s іnshogo - through nerozvinutіst іnfrastrukturi market analysis, nizku platospromozhnіst bagatoh villagers SSMSC mozhut efektivnosti pratsyuvati on zemlі, ale not zmozі teper її buy, Je zagroza skupіvlі zemlі people SSMSC toil penny kapіtal (and tse - not peasants), ale samostіyno pratsyuvati on zemlі not be. Vrahovuyuchi tse, timchasove obmezhennya rozmіru land dіlyanok in privatnіy vlasnostі Je vipravdanim.

Іz zakіnchennyam termіnu moratorіyu on purchase-sale of the land for commercial dіlyanok sіlskogospodarskogo virobnitstva expired camp tsіn problem i tsіnoutvorennya on Danian resource. In zv'yazku s CIM vazhlivo chіtko z'yasuvati sutnіst category of rent.

In ekonomіchnіy teorії pid termіnom "Ekonomichna rent" priynyato vvazhati tsіnu, yak splachuєtsya for vikoristannya zemlі abo іnshih natural resursіv scho kіlkіsno obmezhenі. Otzhe, if just past about the fee for vikoristannya zemlі, in tsomu vipadku operuyut termіnom "ground rent" rіdshe - termіnom "Cena zemelnoї rent".

Vazhlivo nobility, scho land rent (Cena zemelnoї rent) - Tse slit is not Cena zemlі (zemelnoї dіlyanki). Cena zemlі - tse kapіtalіzovana rent. In nіy takozh vrahovuєtsya base tsіnnіst zemlі resource yak, scho bere fate in virobnitstvі product. Land rent іsnuє fact scho land is not just kіlkіsno obmezhena and obmezhena absolutely tobto so suspіlstvo scho not Mauger in korotkostrokovomu ni, ni in dovgostrokovomu perіodah zaproponuvati zemlі (land dіlyanok) bіlshe, nіzh її іsnuє vzagalі. Same s tsієї causality in makroekonomіchnomu aspektі land Got absolutely neelastichnu propozitsіyu. Oznachaє Tse, scho in chasі propozitsіya zemlі not Mauger Buti zbіlshena, Won zalishaєtsya steel abo Well zmenshuєtsya. Zmіnyuєtsya popit deprivation on the ground and vіdtak, zrostaє abo znizhuєtsya ground rent, otzhe, i zemlі Rate * 2 (Fig. 8.2).

* 2: {In svіtі sposterіgaєtsya zagalna tendentsіya zrostannya popitu to the ground, and otzhe, i to pіdvischennya tsіni on neї.}

Fig. 8.2. Popit i propozitsіya on the ground that the value of zemelnoї Renty

Lіnіya SS vіdobrazhaє absolutely neelastichnu propozitsіyu zemlі. Aje її yak natural tіla not Mauger Buti bіlshe in gospodarskomu oborotі, nіzh Je in dіysnostі. Same vkazana osoblivіst Offers zemlі porodzhuє vіdmіnnіst rental platezhіv od іnshih Jerel income - zarobіtnoї pay, percent i pributku. For povnoї neelastichnostі Offers popit to land on makrorіvnі Yea, for sutі, єdinim chinnikom scho viznachaє value zemelnoї rent. Yakscho popit zrostaє s D2 to D1, the land rent takozh zrostaє s P2 to P1. Zmenshennya popitu the ground to D3 zumovlyuє th znizhennya quantities zemelnoї revenue to the P3, and otzhe, i tsіni zemlі.

Land Je Especially commodity i do not deprivation through real vіdsutnіst її zamіnnikіv, Povny neelastichnіst Offers and th fact scho taka neelastichnіst porodzhuє "pasivnіst" zemelnoї rent. Її zrostannya chi znizhennya not spravlyaє nіyakogo vplivu on Quantity Offers zemlі, todі yak zmіna tsіni to "zvichaynі» Goods abo stimulyuє zbіlshennya Offers, Yakscho vіdbuvaєtsya її pіdvischennya, abo motivuє tovarovirobnikіv zmenshiti propozitsіyu for znizhennya tsіni minds.

On mіkrorіvnі in furrows okremih teritorіalnih regіonіv description of the rights not zavzhdi vitrimuєtsya. Aje tsіlkom vіrogіdno scho Mauger in Pevnyi regіonі z'yavitisya vіdnosno bagato zemlevlasnikіv, SSMSC zabazhali prodatsya svoї zemelnі dіlyanki, todі yak bazhayuchih buy їh at tsomu regіonі - less then uniquely. In this razі perevischennya Offers on popitom prizvede znizhennya tsіni to the ground. Mauger i sklastisya zvorotna situatsіya. Todі zgіdno іz laws Rinku Rate on Tsei resource znizhuvatimetsya. Otzhe on mіkrorіvnі for a description of the land obstavin staє to vіdomogo stage "zvichaynim" item, i tse potrіbno vrahovuvati sub'єktam zemlі market analysis.