Legal encyclopedia. Letter H

LAW

Is a normative act adopted in a special way by a body of legislative power or a referendum, expressing the will of the people, having the highest legal force and regulating the most important social relations.

Among the main features of Z. the following can be singled out:

1) they are taken only by the legislature or the people in the course of the referendum;

2) they have the highest legal force, which means that the content of all other normative acts should not conflict with the Z;

3) no one has the right to cancel Z., except for the body that issued it;

4) they regulate the most important and fundamental relationships;

5) they contain norms of a primary, initial character;

6) they are taken in a special procedural order.

Types of Z.

1. On the scope of the all-federal government; Z. subjects of the Russian Federation.

2. In terms of significance, Z. is divided into constitutional, current.

3. By branches of law, law is divided into state-legal, criminal-legal, civil-law, etc.

Constitutional Z. consolidate the foundations of the social and state system, serve as the legal basis for the current legislation. These include the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Z., making additions and changes to it, and also Z., concretizing its content.

Current Z. are adopted on the basis and in compliance with the constitutional laws, constitute the current legislation and regulate various aspects of economic,

Political, cultural life of the country.

A variety of current Z. are organic and extraordinary Z.

Organic Z. - legally integral, internal coordinated acts, characterized by a high level of normative generalizations and designed to comprehensively regulate a certain sphere of public life.

Extraordinary Z. are accepted for those or

Other emergency circumstances caused by natural, ecological, social or other reasons, are temporary. Types of Z. by their legal force:

1) the constitution is the fundamental constituent political and legal act that consolidates the constitutional system, the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, which determines the form of government and state structure that establishes federal bodies of state power;

2) federal constitutional Z. They are adopted on issues stipulated and related to the constitution;

3) federal Z. - Acts of the current legislation, dedicated to various aspects of the socio-economic, political and spiritual life of society;

4) Z. subjects of the Federation. They are published by their representative bodies and apply only to the relevant territory.

Among the other varieties of Z. the following groups are distinguished by:

1) subjects of lawmaking (adopted by the people as a result of a referendum or legislative body);

2) the subject of legal regulation (constitutional, administrative, civil, criminal, etc.);

3) the period of validity (permanent laws and provisional);

4) nature (current and extraordinary);

5) spheres of action (federal and regional);

6) content (economic, budgetary, social, political, etc.);

7) the degree of systematization (systematized dissociation);

8) the significance of the norms contained in them (constitutional and ordinary);

9) the volume of regulation (general and special).