Legal encyclopedia. Letter H

LAND REGISTRY.

Let us note that the state ZK is one of the instruments of state management of the land fund.

In addition, the management of the state ZK is an indispensable condition for ensuring the rational use and protection of land, as well as compliance with the requirements of land legislation.

Acting in the role of comprehensive accounting of land plots of the Russian Federation for their qualitative, quantitative and legal characteristics, the state ZK at the same time is the basis for the territorial planning of the use of land plots, their provision and seizure.

It is important to emphasize that the role of the state ZK especially increased after the introduction of the institution of payment for the use of land, as well as of the institution of private property, when it became necessary to obtain complete information about the available or acquired
Land plot.

The conduct of the state ZK is carried out in accordance with the norms established in the Federal Law of the Russian Federation of January 2, 2000 "On the State Land Cadastre."

In accordance with this Law, the state ZK is a systematized set of documented information obtained as a result of state cadastral registration of land plots, the location, purpose and legal status of the RF lands and information about the territorial zones and the availability of land plots and is firmly established Connected with these land plots of objects.

Thus, the information of the state ZK contain the following information about the land plot:

1) location;

2) the intended purpose;

3) the legal status;

4) the availability of real estate on it. State ZK contains general

Information about:

1) land plots;

2) territorial zones (a territorial zone is a part of the territory that is characterized by a special legal regime for the use of land plots and whose boundaries are established when land is zoned);

3) the lands and boundaries of the territories on which local self-government is exercised;

4) the lands and boundaries of the subjects of the Russian Federation;

5) the lands and borders of the Russian Federation.

At the same time, all information of the state ZK is open to any interested person (citizen, legal entity). Allocated such information, which are classified as restricted access. In this case, the procedure for providing information is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. The information of the state land cadastre should be comparable and compatible with information contained in other state and other cadastres, registers and information resources.

With the issue of conducting the state ZK is the study of the legal category-state cadastral registration of land plots, which is understood as description and individualization in the Unified State

The register of land plots of land, as a result of which each land lot receives such characteristics that allow it to be uniquely identified from a variety of other land plots, as well as to give the land lot a qualitative and economic assessment.

Absolutely all land plots are subject to state cadastral registration, regardless of the form of ownership, purpose and turnover, which are located within the territory of the Russian Federation and constitute an indivisible land fund. At the same time, the result of state cadastral registration is the assignment of a specific cadastral number to a particular land plot.

The purpose of creating a state ZK is information support for such areas of state (municipal) activity as: land management; Land control; Carrying out measures aimed at preserving and increasing the fertility of lands; State registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it; Land management; Economic evaluation of the land plot and accounting for its value in establishing a reasonable payment for the land plot, etc.

State Z.K. is conducted on the basis of a single system for the whole of the Russian Federation. In addition, it is the basis of state industry cadastres. Entering in the state Z.K. of the relevant information related to the change in the characteristics of the land plot should be carried out continuously.

State ZK includes many documents that can be divided into three main types.

1. The main documents:

1) The Unified State Land Register is a document that is intended for conducting state cadastre registration of land plots (contains information on existing and existing land plots). In this case, the moment of occurrence (termination) of the existence of a land plot as an object of state cadastral registration is the date of making an appropriate entry in the Unified State Register of Lands;

2) cadastral cases - this is a set of documents completed in accordance with the established procedure that confirm the fact of the emergence (termination) of the existence of a land plot as an object of state

Cadastral registration;

3) cadastral maps (plans) are maps (plan), in which the information contained in the state land cadastre is reproduced in graphic or text form. All cadastral maps (plans) are subdivided into duty (contain information about the location of the land plot) and derivatives (contain generalized information about the land fund, economic, social, natural and other land-related processes).

2. Supporting documents - books of documents registration; Books accounting for information issued and catalogs of coordinates of the points of the reference network.

3. Derivative documents are documents containing lists of lands owned by the RF, property of RF subjects, property of municipal entities; Reports on the state and use of land resources; Statistical reports; Analytical reviews; Derivative cadastral maps (plans), as well as other reference and analytical documents.

All documents included in the system of the state ZK RF are maintained

Exclusively in Russian.

The system of bodies responsible for maintaining the state ZK is defined in Ch. II of the above Law. Powers in the field of state ZK are divided into three levels: federal, regional and municipal.

The powers of the RF state authorities in the field of carrying out activities related to the management of the state land cadastre include:

1) the development and adoption of federal legislation that regulates the basis of the state ZK, as well as relevant federal programs;

2) the definition of the federal executive body authorized to conduct the state ZK This executive authority of the Russian Federation is the Federal Service of the Land Cadastre of Russia;

3) definition of the list of basic information of the state ZK, including information classified as restricted access. Subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as municipal entities by adopting normative acts, may include in the indicated list additional information financed from

The budget of the subject of the Russian Federation or the budget of the municipality;

4) establishing the procedure for financing activities related to the management of the state ZK, as well as coordinating the activities of the state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies in the area of ​​maintaining state ZK and others.
The Federal Service of the ZK of Russia can exercise its functions both independently and through its territorial bodies. In addition, under the jurisdiction of the Federal Service of ZK Russia, the relevant federal state unitary enterprises, institutions and other organizations are located. Functions carried out by the Federal Service of ZK Russia can be executive, administrative, control, permissive, regulatory, and also other.