Legal encyclopedia. Letter M

INTERNATIONAL CONTROL FOR OBSERVANCE OF HUMAN RIGHTS

- the activities of international organizations to monitor the observance and enforcement of human rights.

The bodies that monitor and ensure the observance of human rights at the international level and are established in accordance with the provisions of the relevant conventions:

1) under the auspices of the United Nations (International Court of Justice, ILO, WHO, ECOSOC, UNESCO, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Human Rights Committee, etc.);

2) other bodies (European Commission of Human Rights and European Court of Human Rights).

These bodies have different competencies, which sometimes overlap.

The main monitoring bodies are:

1) The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights is a man of high moral standing and honesty, having sufficient experience, common knowledge and understanding of different cultures, whose activities are regulated by the UN Charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international human rights and international law instruments ;

2) The Human Rights Committee - examines reports submitted by States and sends them with their proposals and comments to ECOSOC, addresses issues and allegations concerning violations of human rights and freedoms, accepts and examines communications from individuals who are victims of a violation by a State Rights and freedoms;

3) The Committee against Torture is established under the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. His work is confidential and takes place in cooperation with the State Party concerned, in whose territory the investigation is being conducted;

4) The Committee on the Rights of the Child - requests information from States parties on their compliance with the requirements of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and on the actual situation of children in the country, collecting and analyzing information on the situation of children in different countries, making recommendations and every two years through ECOSOC A report to the UN General Assembly with its proposals and recommendations;

5) The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women - examines all forms of discrimination against women, complaints received, cooperating with States parties to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women;

6) The European Commission of Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights act on the basis of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of November 4, 1950. The Commission examines the applications of interested persons and takes a preliminary decision to sue them. The European Court, in turn, considers the complaint, guided by the principle of justice.