ODOROLOGIYA
- Branch of forensic technology, and studies the mechanism of the formation of odor trails, as well as develop tools and techniques to identify, fix, withdrawal, study and use in order to address the identification and diagnostic problems in the investigation of crimes.
The reason for the formation of odor traces is the property of physical objects released into the environment solute molecules, which leads to irritation of the olfactory organs.
Smells peculiar to the presence of the physical properties that are inherent in any gaseous bodies: volatility, solubility, diffusion, and dilution, adsorption.
Along with the general properties can be added and specific, derived from basic, but have forensic value, such as the continuity sledoobrazovaniya mechanism (distribution in space), the mobility of the structure (processing time) dissipated (mixing of the molecules with the environment), divisibility (the possibility of seizure and preservation parts).
Odoriferous traces - it is the object individualizing information encoded by the olfactory trace substance.
Separation of odors involved in the formation of olfactory track, carried on two grounds.
1. A person distinguish the smell: biological, individual, private.
Biology - it's the smell of a person as an individual, a representative of a certain kind. Smells are inherent in this group of people, and can make a difference in the resolution of issues of identifying group membership.
Individual smell - it is genetically inherent in the human body feature olfactory secretions found in sweat and blood molecules possessing the qualities of uniqueness and sustainability. Secretions, body odor components have complex aromatic composition that includes odorous components homo-fat formations, sebum, dead skin cells. This smell is not affected by extraneous imposition of other odorous sources. Due to the presence of such characteristics is possible to establish the presence of individual identity, ie Identification of the subject, and that is why the substance of this subgroup are most important for the resolution of forensically relevant issues.
Own the smell of man - is summed indicator of the presence of different odorous secretions inherent in the person by virtue of the various internal and external factors, it smells of clothing items, household, industrial, etc.
2. An important criterion for the classification of human odors is an exponent of sustainability. Accordingly, odors can be divided into variable and constant.
Variable characteristic odors due to accidental causes, are temporary and evaporate quickly.
Persistent odors have stable characteristics unchanged.
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