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Polіtichna ekonomіya - Krivenko KT

5.2. Commodity form organіzatsії suspіlnogo virobnitstva

Viniknennya commodity virobnitstva i yogo sutnіst. Osnovnі RISS commodity virobnitstva. Sub'єkti that ob'єkti trademark vіdnosin. Commodity-form product.

5.2.1. Viniknennya commodity virobnitstva i yogo sutnіst.

Mercantile virobnitstvo viniklo in perіod rozkladu pervіsnoobschinnogo fret. Vono little digit rozpovsyudzhennya in rabovlasnitskomu suspіlstvі i for feodalіzmu and for kapіtalіzmu Nabeul vsezagalnogo nature. Mercantile virobnitstvo, yak viniklo on bazі naturalnoї FORMS virobnitstva, іsnuє vzhe blizko 7000 rokіv. SSMSC Well minds spriyali viniknennyu tovarnoї FORMS organіzatsії virobnitstva?

Neobhіdnoyu minds viniknennya commodity virobnitstva i obmіnu Je suspіlny podіl pratsі. In mіru rozvitku productive forces for naturalnoї FORMS virobnitstva Prace staє vzhe bіlsh spetsіalіzovanoyu. Podіl pratsі, yaky spochatku formuvavsya in furrows pervіsnoї community abo genus h hour vihodit for them. Skladaєtsya system suspіlnogo podіlu pratsі. So, tvarinnitskі tribes vidіlyayutsya s іnshih tribes. In zv'yazku s CIM odnі tribes zaymayutsya perevazhno zemlerobstvom and INSHI - tvarinnitstvom. W viokremlennyam tvarinnitskih tribes vіdbuvsya Purshia great suspіlny podіl pratsі.

Vnaslіdok nadlishkіv product appeared in spetsіalіzovanih tribes vinikaє obmіn products mіzh tribes i community. Zaymayuchis in the main virobnitstvom produktіv tvarinnitstva (m'yasa, milk shkіr) pastusheskі tribes potrebuvali produktіv zemlerobstva (grain plodіv, Boroshnev), a farmer, navpaki - produktіv tvarinnitstva (m'yasa, shkіr, sherstі). So rank, on stadії Perche great podіlu pratsі vinikaє obmіn nadlishkami viroblenih produktіv mіzh tribes i community.

In mіru zrostannya virobnitstva of order іz zemlerobstvom i tvarinnitstvom rozvivalisya th INSHI Vidi virobnichoї dіyalnostі people. In tvarinnitskih i Especially zemlerobskih communities i tribes rozvivalos remіsniche virobnitstvo - kovalske, pottery, tkatske that іn. Craft - tse drіbne virobnitstvo, yak on the basis osobistіy pratsі virobnika i іnstrumentі manual. Virobnitstvo bіlsh doskonalih znaryad pratsі zbroї that scho all chastіshe vigotovlyalisya s metal music, vimagalo velikoї i vmіloї pratsі, z'yavilasya ob'єktivna neobhіdnіst vіdokremlennya Crafts od zemlerobstva i tvarinnitstva. Craft staє spetsіalnіstyu okremih osіb. Prace remіsnikіv postupovo vіdokremlyuєtsya od pratsі zemlerobіv tvarinnikіv i, i craft vidіlyaєtsya in samostіynu Galuzo virobnichoї dіyalnostі people.

W vіdokremlennyam Crafts od sіlskogo Gospodarstwa came the other great suspіlny podіl pratsі. Tse bula tickle in the form іstorії promislovostі, yak vіdokremilasya od naturalnoї. Krіm produktіv zemlerobstva i tvarinnitstva all chastіshe received in obmіn virobi remіsnikіv: kam'yanі i metalevі Saucier, i sickle mow, bows, mechі, dishes, tkanini, shkіri, odyag. Vіdokremlennya craft spriyalo viniknennyu virobnitstva produktіv spetsіalno for obmіnu.

The product, scho viroblyaєtsya not spozhivannya NKVD, and for obmіnu, nazivaєtsya item. Location Virobnitstvo tovarіv little slit to another great suspіlnogo podіlu pratsі, ale pіslya viokremlennya craft in samostіynu scope dіyalnostі, vono staє bіlsh regularly stіykim. Spochatku goods bezposeredno obmіnyuvavsya on Inshyj product tobto formula for TT. Napriklad 1 mіra grain 1 vіvtsyu. H hour z'yavilisya groshі. W appears pennies obmіn rozpadaєtsya two acti: selling goods on groshі (T-T) i kupіvlya (pridbannya) іnshih tovarіv on groshі (T-T). W rozgortannyam vіdnosin kupіvlі-sale tovarіv in sferі obmіnu sformuvavsya rinok.